VOA常速英语2015--乌干达医院计划帮助前肺结核患者

Uganda Hospital Program Helps Former Tuberculosis¹ Patients 乌干达医院计划帮助前肺结核患者

People cured of pulmonary tuberculosis often continue to have problems breathing, while poor living conditions contribute to their continued suffering. But a contribution by a group of European doctors may soon help millions of former TB patients.

The World Health Organization says tuberculosis, or TB, is the greatest killer² in the world, second only to AIDS.  In 2013, 9 million people fell ill with TB, and 1.5 million of them died, mostly in low- and middle-income countries, such as Uganda.

世界卫生组织称TB,即肺结核是仅次于艾滋病世界上的头号杀手。2013年,这种疾病夺去了150万人的生命,900万人患上肺结核,主要集中在如乌干达等低收入及中等收入国家。

Those who recover often continue to suffer from a chronic³ cough that makes it increasingly harder to breathe, said Dr. Winceslaus Katagira of  Kampala's Mulago Hospital.

坎帕拉姆拉戈医院的温瑟劳斯·卡塔格拉医生表示术后病人在恢复过程中经常继续遭受慢性咳嗽的折磨,使得呼吸越来越困难。

“Unfortunately, after the TB is treated, the destruction of the lungs doesn't reverse," he said. "When it stays, that will heal by scar formation, and among the so many things that will cause a chronic lung disease is the scar tissue that remains⁴ in the lungs.”

“不幸的是,肺结核经过治疗后,肺部组织的破坏是不可逆的。所以它会继续维持现状,通过形成疤痕进行治愈,而这些过程中引发慢性肺病的是仍在肺部的疤痕组织。”

Aggravating⁵ the situation are open fires many families use for cooking, kerosene⁶ lighting⁷ and tobacco smoke, which all release microscopic⁸ particles that contribute to chronic bronchitis and emphysema for recovering TB patients. Their condition worsens to the point at which they become unable to work.

造成这种情况加剧的是许多家庭做饭用到的明火、煤油照明及烟草喷出的烟雾,所有这些会释放微小的颗粒,导致康复患者引发慢性支气管炎和肺气肿结核病。他们的身体状况会严重到无法正常工作的程度。

A pulmonary rehabilitation⁹ program established at Mulago Hospital showed that patients’ health substantially improves when they attend exercise classes and improve their nutrition.

而姆拉戈医院的一项肺康复计划显示参加锻炼课程及改变营养后病人的健康状况得到显著改善。

After 12 weeks, Katagira said, patients "have put on weight, they are looking bright, they all have a bright smile and they can do all these things again. They are telling you, 'Now I can look after my grandchildren.' "

卡塔格拉表示12周后,病人们开始发胖,他们看起来很阳光,他们都有灿烂的笑容,而且又可以做所有这些事情。他们会告诉你,现在我可以照顾我的小孙子了。”

Patient Nakigo Asia said she feels much better than before.

病人纳克格·阿西亚表示感觉比以前好多了。

“I was too weak," she said. "When I use medicine, it doesn't work. So when I started exercise, I started getting that energy. But when I first came, I was too sick. I used to vomit¹⁰ blood, much blood.”

“我太虚弱了。当我服药后根本不起作用。所以当我开始进行锻炼的时候,我开始有了些活力。但是当我第一次来时病情可是十分严重。我吐了血,很多血。”

Study leader Dr. Rupert Jones of the Peninsular School of Medicine and Dentistry in Plymouth, England, said the results gathered in Uganda may benefit other countries with large numbers of TB patients.

该研究负责人英国普利茅斯半岛医药及牙科学院鲁伯特·琼斯博士表示在乌干达的成果可能会帮助到其他国家大量的结核病患者。

“We're going to be producing manuals, and hopefully, if we get the ongoing¹¹ funding, we're going to be taking this out across East Africa and other countries across Europe and the Far East as well,” he said.

“我们将会生产手册,而且如果得到持续的资金,我们希望将把这个项目带到非洲东部其他国家及欧洲和远东的病患。”

After the initial study at Mulango Hospital, the group plans to start a larger program in May.

姆拉戈医院初步研究过后,这个组织计划在5月开始一项更大的计划。

1 tuberculosis   

n.结核病，肺结核

参考例句：

• People used to go to special health spring to recover from tuberculosis.人们常去温泉疗养胜地治疗肺结核。
• Tuberculosis is a curable disease.肺结核是一种可治愈的病。

2 killer   

n.杀人者，杀人犯，杀手，屠杀者

参考例句：

• Heart attacks have become Britain's No.1 killer disease.心脏病已成为英国的头号致命疾病。
• The bulk of the evidence points to him as her killer.大量证据证明是他杀死她的。

3 chronic   

adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的

参考例句：

• Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
• Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

4 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

5 aggravating   

adj.恼人的，讨厌的

参考例句：

• How aggravating to be interrupted! 被打扰，多令人生气呀！
• Diesel exhaust is particularly aggravating to many susceptible individuals. 许多体质敏感的人尤其反感柴油废气。

6 kerosene   

n.(kerosine)煤油，火油

参考例句：

• It is like putting out a fire with kerosene.这就像用煤油灭火。
• Instead of electricity,there were kerosene lanterns.没有电，有煤油灯。

7 lighting   

n.照明，光线的明暗，舞台灯光

参考例句：

• The gas lamp gradually lost ground to electric lighting.煤气灯逐渐为电灯所代替。
• The lighting in that restaurant is soft and romantic.那个餐馆照明柔和而且浪漫。

8 microscopic   

adj.微小的，细微的，极小的，显微的

参考例句：

• It's impossible to read his microscopic handwriting.不可能看清他那极小的书写字迹。
• A plant's lungs are the microscopic pores in its leaves.植物的肺就是其叶片上微细的气孔。

9 rehabilitation   

n.康复，悔过自新，修复，复兴，复职，复位

参考例句：

• He's booked himself into a rehabilitation clinic.他自己联系了一家康复诊所。
• No one can really make me rehabilitation of injuries.已经没有人可以真正令我的伤康复了。

10 vomit   

v.呕吐，作呕；n.呕吐物，吐出物

参考例句：

• They gave her salty water to make her vomit.他们给她喝盐水好让她吐出来。
• She was stricken by pain and began to vomit.她感到一阵疼痛，开始呕吐起来。

11 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。