VOA常速英语2016--层出不穷的奥运兴奋剂丑闻困扰俄罗斯

Russia Braces¹ for Another Hit Over Olympic Doping 层出不穷的奥运兴奋剂丑闻困扰俄罗斯

MOSCOW — 

Russia spent $50 billion on the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics, making it the most expensive in history and among the most impressive. Russia dominated the Sochi games, winning 33 medals and attracting a new generation of winter sports fans.

“At the moment Sochi is a resort that is easily accessible, and people want to ski there, so after the Sochi Olympics it has become more popular,” says skiing instructor² Igor Minayev at Moscow’s indoor Snezhkom ski slope.

“Skiing and snowboarding have become more popular,” he added as a small but steady stream of skiers and snowboarders made their way up the slope on a Monday afternoon.

‘That would hurt’

But a second investigation³ by the World Anti-Doping Agency could see some of Russia’s Sochi champions stripped of glory. The results are expected to be released in December, putting Russia’s Winter Olympic athletes at risk of punishment, including possibly losing medals won at the 2014 Sochi Games.

“That would hurt as I understand that politics are connected with this,” says amateur snowboarder Natalya. “I will still cheer, and hope for more justice.”

Russia defiantly⁴ held its own “Olympics Day” after its athletics⁵ team was banned from Rio’s summer games in August over allegations of state-run doping.

The scandal’s timing⁶, as tensions with the West spike⁷ over Russia’s actions in Ukraine and Syria, leads some Russians to believe in conspiracy⁸ theory and rumors⁹. “On the other hand, I have heard that many sportsmen in the United States are officially allowed to engage in doping,” says snowboard instructor Ilya Isachenko. “That strikes a warning note.”

‘Anti-Russian action’

Some Russian officials and state media have also called the doping allegations part of an anti-Russia plot.

“There turned out to be something like 50 or 60 Russian sportsmen out of a total of 400 (world-wide involved in doping such as meldonium) and an outcry started that this is an ‘anti-Russian action,’” says Russian sports journalist Valery Vinokurov. “How can you possibly call that an ‘anti-Russian’ action? What do we do then with the 350 (sportsmen) left?”

Russian officials deny state involvement. But just before the World Anti-Doping Agency releases its findings, Russian officials associated with the scandal have quietly resigned, including Russia’s Olympic Committee head, Alexander Zhukov.

Russia’s sports minister, Vitaly Mutko, named as a top figure in the scheme, was promoted to a new position, as deputy prime minister for sport, tourism and youth policy.

Growing acknowledgment

“There has never been a negative attitude to doping in our country,” says Vinokurov. “One was sympathetic to everybody. Nobody was seriously punished. The international sanctions were naturally accepted and observed, but nobody was punished.”

But more Russian athletes are acknowledging that widespread doping is a problem that needs to be addressed.

“Yes, there used to be a medication that we all took when I was a player,” says amateur and kids hockey coach Ostap Krivchenko. “It is not allowed for use now. It helps the heart. Those who did not succeed in stopping to use it in time, could not participate in important competitions like the world championship or world junior championship.”

Krivchenko says half his young players, although now just kids aged¹⁰ 6-7 years, want to one day become champions.

To achieve those dreams, he says, players need to train hard, be aware of forbidden drugs, and not make the same mistakes as players of his era did.

在2014年索契冬季奥运会上，俄罗斯花费了500亿美元，使它成为历史上最昂贵，令人印象最深刻的冬奥会。俄罗斯在索契冬奥会独占鳌头，赢得了33枚奖牌，吸引了新一代的冬季运动迷。

“现在，索契成为一个便捷的度假胜地，人们想在那里滑雪，冬奥会之后更受欢迎。”滑雪教练Igor Minayev说，“滑雪和滑雪板已经更加流行。”

但是世界反兴奋剂机构又一起调查会导致俄罗斯一些索契冬奥会冠军被剥夺荣誉。

由于被指控国家参与兴奋剂的使用，几个月以来莫斯科一直遭遇攻击。

“这会让人非常伤心，因为我理解比赛掺杂了政治因素。”业余滑雪爱好者Natalya说，“我仍然会欢呼，希望能更加公平正义。”

俄国运动团队由于国家参与兴奋剂事件被禁止参加八月份举行的里约夏季奥运会之后，俄罗斯挑衅地举办了自己的“奥运日”。

俄罗斯官员否认国家参与。但是包括奥委会主席在内的一些官员默默地辞职。

被指认为这场阴谋高级人物的俄罗斯体育部长被提拔为副总理。

“我们的国家对兴奋剂从来没有消极的态度。”Vinokurov说。“他们同情每一个人。没有人受到严厉的惩罚。国际制裁被人们坦然接受和执行，但是没有人被惩罚。”

但是越来越多俄罗斯运动员承认广泛的使用兴奋剂是亟待解决的问题。

“是的，以前我是运动员的时候，我们都会服用一种药物。”业余运动员，儿童曲棍球教练Ostap Klivchenko说。“但是现在已经被禁止使用。这种药物对心脏有帮助。那些没有及时停止服用的人不能参加重要的比赛，比如世界锦标赛和世界青年锦标赛。”Klivchenko说，他教的孩子现在才只有六七岁，但是其中一半的人都希望有一天成为冠军。

他说，为了实现梦想，运动员们应该艰苦训练，警惕禁用药物，不要重复他们这个时代的运动员的错误。

1 braces   

n.吊带，背带；托架( brace的名词复数 )；箍子；括弧；（儿童）牙箍v.支住( brace的第三人称单数 )；撑牢；使自己站稳；振作起来

参考例句：

• The table is shaky because the braces are loose. 这张桌子摇摇晃晃，因为支架全松了。
• You don't need braces if you're wearing a belt! 要系腰带，就用不着吊带了。

2 instructor   

n.指导者，教员，教练

参考例句：

• The college jumped him from instructor to full professor.大学突然把他从讲师提升为正教授。
• The skiing instructor was a tall,sunburnt man.滑雪教练是一个高高个子晒得黑黑的男子。

3 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

4 defiantly   

adv.挑战地，大胆对抗地

参考例句：

• Braving snow and frost, the plum trees blossomed defiantly. 红梅傲雪凌霜开。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• She tilted her chin at him defiantly. 她向他翘起下巴表示挑衅。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 athletics   

n.运动，体育，田径运动

参考例句：

• When I was at school I was always hopeless at athletics.我上学的时候体育十分糟糕。
• Our team tied with theirs in athletics.在田径比赛中，我们队与他们队旗鼓相当。

6 timing   

n.时间安排，时间选择

参考例句：

• The timing of the meeting is not convenient.会议的时间安排不合适。
• The timing of our statement is very opportune.我们发表声明选择的时机很恰当。

7 spike   

n.长钉，钉鞋；v.以大钉钉牢，使...失效

参考例句：

• The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
• They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。

8 conspiracy   

n.阴谋，密谋，共谋

参考例句：

• The men were found guilty of conspiracy to murder.这些人被裁决犯有阴谋杀人罪。
• He claimed that it was all a conspiracy against him.他声称这一切都是一场针对他的阴谋。

9 rumors   

n.传闻( rumor的名词复数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷v.传闻( rumor的第三人称单数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷

参考例句：

• Rumors have it that the school was burned down. 有谣言说学校给烧掉了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Rumors of a revolt were afloat. 叛变的谣言四起。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。