VOA常速英语2016--如何避免博科圣地感染更多市民？

如何避免博科圣地感染更多市民？

The Boko Haram terrorist group has one overriding¹ goal—to seize as much territory as it can hold so it can impose its extreme ideology² on the people living there. Beyond that, Boko Haram has “no agenda other than to murder teachers, burn books, kidnap students, rape³ women and girls, and slaughter⁴ innocent people, most of whom are Muslims,” said Secretary of State John Kerry during his recent visit to Nigeria. “Boko Haram has a complete and total disrespect for life, the opposite of every religion. It has a complete nihilistic view of the world. It fears knowledge. It fears education. It fears tolerance⁵.”

博科圣地恐怖组织最重要的目标是——攫取尽可能多的领土，并将其极端意识形态付诸所控地区的人身上。而美国国务卿约翰最近在访问尼日利亚期间表示，博科圣地“的唯一目标就是杀害教师、焚烧书籍、绑架学生、奸淫妇女、屠戮以穆斯林为主的百姓”。“博科圣地全然蔑视生命，这有违每个宗教的本质理念。他们持有虚无主义的世界观。他们惧怕知识、惧怕教育、惧怕宽容”。

This story is repeated around the world, wherever a violent extremist group uses murder, torture and enslavement to force local populations into submission⁶. And although such activity is abhorrent⁷ to nearly everyone, everywhere, still, these terrorists are able to recruit new members among otherwise peaceful people.

一旦博科圣地在某处作乱，杀害、折磨、奴役当地百姓屈从自己，类似的谴责之声总会在全球范围内响起。而虽然他们的作为为世人所憎恨，但博科圣地还是能让原本和平的人加入其中。

There are far too many who join the ranks of these organizations because they have trouble finding meaning or opportunity in their daily lives – because they are deeply frustrated⁸ and alienated⁹ – and because they hope groups like Boko Haram will somehow give them a sense of identity, or purpose, or power, said Secretary of State Kerry.

有很多人加入博科圣地之伍，是因为他们在日常生活中找不到意义和机会，因为他们感到深深的挫败感和疏离感，因为他们希望博科圣地这样的组织能够多少让他们有一些存在感、意义和力量，约翰这样说道。

Derailing recruitment into terror groups requires a three step approach. First, we must build public trust in governments and institutions by eliminating corruption¹⁰, human rights violations¹¹, and other abuses of power, and by insisting on transparency and accountability.

避免市民加入恐怖组织需要做三件事：第一件事是必须通过消除腐败、违背人权及其它权力滥用在政府及公共机构建立公众信任，同时也要坚持透明度和责任制。

There is nothing more demoralizing, more destructive, more disempowering to a citizen than the belief that the system is rigged against them, said Secretary Kerry.

约翰表示，“对于一个市民来说，没有什么比让他们觉得整个社会体系被蓄意操作、违背自身权益更让人觉得泄气、生无可恋和毫无存在感了”。

As a bonus, once free from corruption, the economy will flourish, which will help bring about the second step—providing economic and educational opportunity for the young.

同时，作为摆脱腐败的奖励，经济也会腾飞，这也有助于第二件事的展开——为年轻人提供经济机会和教育机会。

And finally, it is important to build bridges of tolerance and acceptance, said Secretary Kerry.

约翰认为，最后一件很重要的事是，建立宽容和接受的桥梁。

 

All of these efforts – fighting corruption, promoting good governance, promoting opportunity for men and women alike, showing compassion¹² and understanding for fellow citizens, even when it's difficult, said Secretary of State Kerry, “all of these things will do an enormous amount to reduce the threat that is posed by violent extremism and to prevent it from re-emerging in the future.”

约翰表示，所有这些努力——无论是打击腐败、提升治理、促进机会、展现同情理解，即便有时候可能很难，但都会减少暴力极端主义带来的威胁，并阻止其在将来复发。

1 overriding   

a.最主要的

参考例句：

• Development is of overriding importance. 发展是硬道理
• My overriding concern is to raise the standards of state education. 我最关心的是提高国民教育水平。

2 ideology   

n.意识形态，(政治或社会的)思想意识

参考例句：

• The ideology has great influence in the world.这种思想体系在世界上有很大的影响。
• The ideal is to strike a medium between ideology and inspiration.我的理想是在意识思想和灵感鼓动之间找到一个折衷。

3 rape   

n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸

参考例句：

• The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。
• He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。

4 slaughter   

n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀

参考例句：

• I couldn't stand to watch them slaughter the cattle.我不忍看他们宰牛。
• Wholesale slaughter was carried out in the name of progress.大规模的屠杀在维护进步的名义下进行。

5 tolerance   

n.宽容；容忍，忍受；耐药力；公差

参考例句：

• Tolerance is one of his strengths.宽容是他的一个优点。
• Human beings have limited tolerance of noise.人类对噪音的忍耐力有限。

6 submission   

n.服从，投降；温顺，谦虚；提出

参考例句：

• The defeated general showed his submission by giving up his sword.战败将军缴剑表示投降。
• No enemy can frighten us into submission.任何敌人的恐吓都不能使我们屈服。

7 abhorrent   

adj.可恶的，可恨的，讨厌的

参考例句：

• He is so abhorrent,saying such bullshit to confuse people.他这样乱说，妖言惑众，真是太可恶了。
• The idea of killing animals for food is abhorrent to many people.许多人想到杀生取食就感到憎恶。

8 frustrated   

adj.挫败的，失意的，泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧

参考例句：

• It's very easy to get frustrated in this job. 这个工作很容易令人懊恼。
• The bad weather frustrated all our hopes of going out. 恶劣的天气破坏了我们出行的愿望。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 alienated   

adj.感到孤独的，不合群的v.使疏远( alienate的过去式和过去分词 )；使不友好；转让；让渡（财产等）

参考例句：

• His comments have alienated a lot of young voters. 他的言论使许多年轻选民离他而去。
• The Prime Minister's policy alienated many of her followers. 首相的政策使很多拥护她的人疏远了她。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

11 violations   

违反( violation的名词复数 )； 冒犯； 违反（行为、事例）； 强奸

参考例句：

• This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
• These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。

12 compassion   

n.同情，怜悯

参考例句：

• He could not help having compassion for the poor creature.他情不自禁地怜悯起那个可怜的人来。
• Her heart was filled with compassion for the motherless children.她对于没有母亲的孩子们充满了怜悯心。