VOA常速英语2018--美国改变对缅政策压力增加

 Pressure Increases on US to Change Myanmar Policy

Amid a brutal¹ military crackdown that started in August of 2017,more than 700 thousand Rohingyas have fled their homes in Myanmar’s Rakhine State to camps in neighboring Bangladesh.

在一次始于2017年8月的残酷军事镇压期间，70多万缅甸罗兴亚人逃离他们的家园若开邦，涌入邻国孟加拉国境内的难民营。

The US State Department commissioned the public international law and policy group or PILPGto send a team to the camps to interview hundreds of refugees and to carefully document human rights violations².

美国国务院委托国际公法和政策小组（简称PILPG）派遣一支队伍前往难民营采访数百名难民并详细记录侵犯人权行为。

Both the PILPG and the US Holocaust³ Museum have now issued statements concluding that Myanmar committed genocide against the Rohingyas.

PILPG（国际公法和政策小组）和美国大屠杀博物馆现已发表声明，称缅甸对罗兴亚人进行种族清洗。

It is clear from our intense legal reviewthat there is in fact a legal basis to conclude that the Rohingyas were the victims of war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide.

从我们严密的法律审查中可以清楚看到，的确可以根据法律依据得出结论，即罗兴亚人是反人类罪和种族灭绝罪的受害者。

As such we believe there a sufficient basis to bring international criminal proceedings⁴ against the perpetrators of this violenceand recommend that the international community pursue legal accountability for the atrocity⁵ crimes committed in the Rakhine State against the Rohingyas.

因此，我们认为有足够的理由对这种暴行的始作俑者提出国际刑事诉讼，并建议国际社会就若开邦针对罗兴亚人犯下的残暴罪行追究法律责任。

Experts who have interviewed survivors⁶ and more zones across the world said they were shocked by what they heard.

采访过幸存者和去过世界其他地方采访的专家们表示，他们对此感到极为震惊。 

There were efforts to humiliate⁷ people not just kill them or harm them but to terrorize them.

他们极力羞辱那些人，不但对他们进行迫害，还恐吓他们。 

For its part Myanmar denies wrongdoing saying its crackdown was part of a legitimate⁸ response to what it terms terrorism in Rakhine State.

就缅甸而言，他们否认这些不法行为，称其镇压是合理应对若开邦恐怖主义的部分行为。 

The Trump⁹ administration has accused Myanmar of ethnic¹⁰ cleansing¹¹ and has placed sanctions on some officialsbut has been reluctant to use the term genocide which would trigger additional measures.

特朗普政府指责缅甸进行种族清洗，并对一些官员实施制裁。但特朗普政府一直不愿使用种族灭绝一词，该词可能引发其他措施。

On Monday the US ambassador to Bangladesh Earl Miller¹² paid his first visit to Cox’s Bazar known as the world’s largest refugee Camp.

周一，美国驻孟加拉国大使厄尔·米勒（Earl Miller）首次前往被称为世界上最大难民地----科克斯巴扎尔（Cox’s Bazar）。

The United States is doing along with other international donors¹³.

美国正在与其他国际援助者一道努力。 

It is our assistance that is not just for Rohingya ,it’s for all of the people in Cox’s Bazarand we have an equal amount of aid going to what we call the host communities but actually we’re all one community, aren’t we ?

我们援助的不仅是罗兴亚难民，更是帮助了科克斯巴扎尔的所有人，我们同等的援助将用于我们称之为难民地所在社区，可实际上我们是一个共同体，不是吗？

The US House of Representatives is expected to pass a resolution as early as next week declaring the Rohingyas our victims of genocide.

美国众议院有望最早在下周通过一项决议，宣布罗兴亚人是种族灭绝的受害者。

1 brutal   

adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的

参考例句：

• She has to face the brutal reality.她不得不去面对冷酷的现实。
• They're brutal people behind their civilised veneer.他们表面上温文有礼，骨子里却是野蛮残忍。

2 violations   

违反( violation的名词复数 )； 冒犯； 违反（行为、事例）； 强奸

参考例句：

• This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
• These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。

3 holocaust   

n.大破坏；大屠杀

参考例句：

• The Auschwitz concentration camp always remind the world of the holocaust.奥辛威茨集中营总是让世人想起大屠杀。
• Ahmadinejad is denying the holocaust because he's as brutal as Hitler was.内贾德否认大屠杀，因为他像希特勒一样残忍。

4 proceedings   

n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报

参考例句：

• He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
• to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼

5 atrocity   

n.残暴，暴行

参考例句：

• These people are guilty of acts of great atrocity.这些人犯有令人发指的暴行。
• I am shocked by the atrocity of this man's crimes.这个人行凶手段残忍狠毒使我震惊。

6 survivors   

幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The survivors were adrift in a lifeboat for six days. 幸存者在救生艇上漂流了六天。
• survivors clinging to a raft 紧紧抓住救生筏的幸存者

7 humiliate   

v.使羞辱，使丢脸[同]disgrace

参考例句：

• What right had they to bully and humiliate people like this?凭什么把人欺侮到这个地步呢？
• They pay me empty compliments which only humiliate me.他们虚情假意地恭维我，这只能使我感到羞辱。

8 legitimate   

adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法

参考例句：

• Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
• That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。

9 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

10 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

11 cleansing   

n. 净化(垃圾) adj. 清洁用的 动词cleanse的现在分词

参考例句：

• medicated cleansing pads for sensitive skin 敏感皮肤药物清洗棉
• Soap is not the only cleansing agent. 肥皂并不是唯一的清洁剂。

12 miller   

n.磨坊主

参考例句：

• Every miller draws water to his own mill.磨坊主都往自己磨里注水。
• The skilful miller killed millions of lions with his ski.技术娴熟的磨坊主用雪橇杀死了上百万头狮子。

13 donors   

n.捐赠者( donor的名词复数 )；献血者；捐血者；器官捐献者

参考例句：

• Please email us to be removed from our active list of blood donors. 假如你想把自己的名字从献血联系人名单中删去，请给我们发电子邮件。
• About half this amount comes from individual donors and bequests. 这笔钱大约有一半来自个人捐赠及遗赠。 来自《简明英汉词典》