VOA常速英语2018--美国指责伊朗叙利亚研制大规模杀伤性武器

In a recent speech in Washington addressing the previous or current violations¹ of either the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty or the Chemical Weapons Convention by the regimes of Syria and Iran, Assistant Secretary of State for the Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance² Yleem Poblete said all responsible nations are challenged.

在最近华盛顿发表的一次演讲中提到了之前和现在违背《不扩散核武器条约》以及《禁止化学武器公约》的行为，违背方是叙利亚政府和伊朗政府。对此，美国国务院武器管制局的助理国务卿波夫莱特(Yleem Poblete)表示，所有有责国家都受到了挑战。

Dr. Poblete noted³ that the U.S. National Security Strategy under President Donald Trump⁴ calls for the augmentation of measures to prevent the spread of and to eliminate weapons of mass destruction and related materials, their delivery systems, and technologies. It further underscores the need to hold state and non-state actors accountable for the use of WMD.

波夫莱特表示，特朗普总统主张的《国家安全战略》要求强化措施，以阻止大规模杀伤性武器(WMD)及其相关物质、传送系统及技术的传播，乃至根除这些祸患。该战略还进一步强调有必要让有责方对使用大规模杀伤性武器负责，不管有责方是否为国家。

Regarding chemical weapons, Assistant Secretary Poblete pointed⁵ out that the Assad regime has brazenly⁶ violated the international norm prohibiting their use. The Joint⁷ Investigative Mechanism⁸ of the Organization for the Prohibition⁹ of Chemical Weapons and the UN clearly established that the Syrian regime was responsible for four cases of chemical weapons use against the Syrian people.

说到化学武器，助理国务卿波夫莱特指出，阿萨德政权厚颜无耻地违背了禁止使用化学武器的国际规范。禁止化学武器组织以及联合国的联合调查机制已明确指出，叙利亚政权要为叙利亚人民遭受的4起化学武器使用事件负责。

Syria also remains¹⁰ in continued noncompliance with the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty and its safeguards agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency. Assad started to construct an undeclared plutonium production reactor¹¹ in the Dair Alzour region, which was destroyed by Israel in an air-strike in 2007. Syria has persistently¹² refused to cooperate with investigators¹³ from the IAEA about the reactor or address outstanding questions about its activities at the site and other related sites.

叙利亚依然没有遵守《不扩散核武器条约》，也没有遵守其与国际原子能机构(IAEA)签订的保障监督协定。阿萨德暗度陈仓，在代尔祖尔建造钚生产反应堆。该反应堆随后于2007年在一场以色列发动的空袭中被毁。叙利亚一直拒绝就反应堆事宜与国际原子能机构的调查员合作，也拒绝解决其在反应堆及相关地点存在的突出问题。

With regard to Iran and its nuclear ambitions, the Iran nuclear deal from which the United States withdrew in May, was severely¹⁴ flawed. Assistant Secretary Poblete said that among its chief defects, the deal failed to prevent Iran from ever having fissile material production capabilities¹⁵ that would permit it to rapidly breakout into weaponization. In addition, its verification provisions did not go far enough; and most concerning of all, it did not cover Iran's missile or chemical weapons programs.

至于伊朗及其在核领域的野心，美国5月份退出的伊朗核协议有很大的问题。波夫莱特表示，该协议有诸多重大缺陷，其中一个就是：该协议无法阻止伊朗拥有可裂变物质的生产能力，所以伊朗可以很快实现武器化。此外，该协议的验证条款也是轻描淡写；最让人心忧的是，该协议并未提及伊朗的导弹项目和化学武器项目。

Assistant Secretary Poblete cited President Trump's assertion in the National Security Strategy that the scourge¹⁶ of the world today is a small group of rogue¹⁷ regimes that violate all principles of free and civilized¹⁸ states.

波夫莱特引用了特朗普在《国家安全战略》中的话，即：世界痛苦的根源在于一小群野蛮政权违背了自由文明国度的所有原则。

The response to those states must be constant vigilance. Noncompliance and blatant¹⁹ disregard of international legal obligations must be thoroughly²⁰ reviewed, documented and assessed, Assistant Secretary Poblete emphasized. Then appropriate action and accountability can and must follow.

应对这些国家必须要始终保持警惕。不合规的行为和公然无视国际法律义务的行为必须要彻查、记录在案并进行评估，波夫莱特如是强调道。在这之后，合适的行为和问责可以也一定会到来。

1 violations   

违反( violation的名词复数 )； 冒犯； 违反（行为、事例）； 强奸

参考例句：

• This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
• These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。

2 compliance   

n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从

参考例句：

• I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.我对他竟然依从了这些条件而感到吃惊。
• She gave up the idea in compliance with his desire.她顺从他的愿望而放弃自己的主意。

3 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

4 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

5 pointed   

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

6 brazenly   

adv.厚颜无耻地；厚脸皮地肆无忌惮地

参考例句：

• How dare he distort the facts so brazenly! 他怎么敢如此肆无忌惮地歪曲事实！ 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• "I don't know," he answered, looking her brazenly over. “我也不知道，"他厚颜无耻地打量着她。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹

7 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

8 mechanism   

n.机械装置；机构，结构

参考例句：

• The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
• The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

9 prohibition   

n.禁止；禁令，禁律

参考例句：

• The prohibition against drunken driving will save many lives.禁止酒后开车将会减少许多死亡事故。
• They voted in favour of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.他们投票赞成禁止在公共场所吸烟。

10 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

11 reactor   

n.反应器；反应堆

参考例句：

• The atomic reactor generates enormous amounts of thermal energy.原子反应堆发出大量的热能。
• Inside the reactor the large molecules are cracked into smaller molecules.在反应堆里，大分子裂变为小分子。

12 persistently   

ad.坚持地；固执地

参考例句：

• He persistently asserted his right to a share in the heritage. 他始终声称他有分享那笔遗产的权利。
• She persistently asserted her opinions. 她果断地说出了自己的意见。

13 investigators   

n.调查者，审查者( investigator的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
• The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。

15 capabilities   

n.能力( capability的名词复数 )；可能；容量；[复数]潜在能力

参考例句：

• He was somewhat pompous and had a high opinion of his own capabilities. 他有点自大，自视甚高。 来自辞典例句
• Some programmers use tabs to break complex product capabilities into smaller chunks. 一些程序员认为，标签可以将复杂的功能分为每个窗格一组简单的功能。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

16 scourge   

n.灾难，祸害；v.蹂躏

参考例句：

• Smallpox was once the scourge of the world.天花曾是世界的大患。
• The new boss was the scourge of the inefficient.新老板来了以后，不称职的人就遭殃了。

17 rogue   

n.流氓；v.游手好闲

参考例句：

• The little rogue had his grandpa's glasses on.这淘气鬼带上了他祖父的眼镜。
• They defined him as a rogue.他们确定他为骗子。

18 civilized   

a.有教养的，文雅的

参考例句：

• Racism is abhorrent to a civilized society. 文明社会憎恶种族主义。
• rising crime in our so-called civilized societies 在我们所谓文明社会中日益增多的犯罪行为

19 blatant   

adj.厚颜无耻的；显眼的；炫耀的

参考例句：

• I cannot believe that so blatant a comedy can hoodwink anybody.我无法相信这么显眼的一出喜剧能够欺骗谁。
• His treatment of his secretary was a blatant example of managerial arrogance.他管理的傲慢作风在他对待秘书的态度上表露无遗。

20 thoroughly   

adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地

参考例句：

• The soil must be thoroughly turned over before planting.一定要先把土地深翻一遍再下种。
• The soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons.士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。