VOA常速英语2018--美国计划组建太空部队

The first steps are being taken to establish a Space Force as the sixth branch of the American armed forces. The ultimate objective, said Vice¹ President Mike Pence in a recent speech at the Pentagon, is to create a new branch of our military that is separate from, and equal to, the five other branches.

美国已采取初步措施，以建立一支太空部队，作为美国武装部队的第六分支。副总统迈克 彭斯(Mike Pence)最近在五角大楼发表讲话时表示，此举的最终目标是成立我国军队的新分支，这个分支独立于并等同于另外五个分支。

For many years, nations from Russia and China to North Korea and Iran have pursued weapons to jam, blind, and disable U.S. navigation and communications satellites via electronic attacks from the ground.

多年来，俄罗斯、中国、朝鲜、伊朗等国都在研制武器，目的是与美国竞争，蒙蔽美国的双眼，让美国的导航和通讯卫星无法工作，手段就是从地面进行电子攻击。

But recently, these adversaries² have been working to bring new weapons of war into space itself. In 2007, China launched a missile that tracked and destroyed one of its own satellites — a demonstration³ of China's growing capability⁴ to militarize space.

但最近，这些敌对者在努力向太空内引进新型战争武器。2007年，中国发射了一枚导弹，该导弹可以跟踪并摧毁其自己的一颗卫星——这是中国在彰显自己实现太空军事化的能力日益增长。

Russia has been designing an airborne laser to disrupt our space-based systems. And it claims to be developing missiles that can be launched from an aircraft mid-flight to destroy American satellites.

俄罗斯一直在设计机载激光器，以扰乱我们在太空中的各个系统。而且俄罗斯号称正在研制一种导弹，这种导弹可以从正在飞行的飞机中发射而出，并摧毁美国的卫星。

Both China and Russia have been conducting highly sophisticated on-orbit activities that could enable them to maneuver⁵ their satellites.

中国和俄罗斯都在进行极为复杂的在轨活动，从而获得操控自己卫星的能力。

China and Russia are also aggressively working to incorporate anti-satellite attacks into their warfighting doctrines⁶.

此外，中俄两国还在努力将反卫星攻击纳入战事领域。

As their actions make clear, our adversaries have transformed space into a warfighting domain⁷ already, declared Vice President Pence.

他们的行为已明确表明，我们的对手已然将太空变成了战场，副总统彭斯如是说道。

America will always seek peace in space as on the Earth. But history proves that peace only comes through strength. And in the realm of outer space, the United States Space Force will be that strength in the years ahead. Not all nations share our commitment to freedom, to private property, and the rule of law. So as we continue to carry American leadership in space, so also will we carry America's commitment to freedom into this new frontier. As in other domains⁸, the United States will continue to work with allies and partners in space to enhance the safety, security, and sustainability of outer space for all countries.

美国将永远寻求太空的和平，正如美国追求地球和平一样。但历史证明，和平是靠强大才能得到的。在外太空里，美国的太空部队将在未来数年中成为这样一股力量。并不是所有国家都像我们一样致力于实现自由、确保私有财产和法治。所以我们会继续保持美国在太空的领先地位，我们也将继续致力于太空这片新疆土的自由。正如在其他领域一样，美国将继续与其在太空的盟友和伙伴合作，为所有国家加强太空的安全和可持续性。

1 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

2 adversaries   

n.对手，敌手( adversary的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• That would cause potential adversaries to recoil from a challenge. 这会迫使潜在的敌人在挑战面前退缩。 来自辞典例句
• Every adversaries are more comfortable with a predictable, coherent America. 就连敌人也会因有可以预料的，始终一致的美国而感到舒服得多。 来自辞典例句

3 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

4 capability   

n.能力；才能；(pl)可发展的能力或特性等

参考例句：

• She has the capability to become a very fine actress.她有潜力成为杰出演员。
• Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。

5 maneuver   

n.策略[pl.]演习；v.(巧妙)控制；用策略

参考例句：

• All the fighters landed safely on the airport after the military maneuver.在军事演习后，所有战斗机都安全降落在机场上。
• I did get her attention with this maneuver.我用这个策略确实引起了她的注意。

6 doctrines   

n.教条( doctrine的名词复数 )；教义；学说；（政府政策的）正式声明

参考例句：

• To modern eyes, such doctrines appear harsh, even cruel. 从现代的角度看，这样的教义显得苛刻，甚至残酷。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• His doctrines have seduced many into error. 他的学说把许多人诱入歧途。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

7 domain   

n.(活动等)领域，范围；领地，势力范围

参考例句：

• This information should be in the public domain.这一消息应该为公众所知。
• This question comes into the domain of philosophy.这一问题属于哲学范畴。

8 domains   

n.范围( domain的名词复数 )；领域；版图；地产

参考例句：

• The theory of thermodynamics links the macroscopic and submicroscopic domains. 热力学把宏观世界同亚微观世界联系起来。 来自辞典例句
• All three flow domains are indicated by shading. 所有三个流动区域都是用阴影部分表示的。 来自辞典例句