VOA常速英语2019--对抗克里姆林宫的不良影响

Since the fall of the Berlin Wall 30 years ago, many Central and Eastern European and Eurasian countries have overcome significant social, economic, and political challenges on the path towards democracy and economic prosperity. Nevertheless, according to U.S. Agency for International Development Assistant Administrator¹ Brock Bierman, many of these countries remain vulnerable to the Kremlin’s malign² influence.

自30年前柏林墙倒塌以来，许多中欧、东欧和欧亚国家在走向民主和经济繁荣的道路上克服了重大的社会、经济和政治挑战。然而，据美国国际开发署助理署长布鲁克·比尔曼称，这些国家中有许多仍然容易受到克里姆林宫的不良影响。

Kremlin “interference in the development trajectory⁴ and aspirations⁵ of these countries,” said Assistant Administrator Bierman,“amounts to a direct challenge to their self-determination, to their stability, and the well-being⁶ of their citizens.” The government of Russian President Vladimir Putin and its proxies⁷ interfere³ in elections, wage information warfare⁸, encourage corruption⁹, seek to marginalize and repress civil society, and undermine the rule of law.

俄罗斯政府“干涉这些国家的发展轨迹和愿望，”助理署长比尔曼称，“对别国自决、稳定和公民的福利构成直接的挑战。”俄罗斯总统普京及其代理人干涉选举，发动信息战，鼓励腐败，试图边缘化和压制公民社会，破坏法治。

USAID is not standing¹⁰ by “as the Kremlin seeks to undermine what these nations have fought so hard for,” declared Assistant Administrator Bierman. Indeed, in July 2019, USAID launched a Countering Malign Kremlin Influence development program.

美国国际开发署助理署长比尔曼宣称，“当克里姆林宫试图破坏这些国家为之努力奋斗的目标时”，美国国际开发署不会袖手旁观。事实上，在2019年7月，美国国际开发署启动了一个“反制克里姆林宫影响”的发展项目。

As part of this new program, USAID is helping¹¹ to train and equip independent journalists in the Balkans and Moldova with the skills they need to recognize and counter disinformation.

作为这个新项目的一部分，美国国际开发署正在帮助培训和装备巴尔干半岛和摩尔多瓦的独立记者，使他们具备识别和反击虚假信息所需的技能。

Moreover, USAID is helping to diversify¹² European energy supply and networks available to countries affected¹³ by the Kremlin’s malign activity. Through the U.S.-Europe Energy Bridge Program, USAID is offering an alternative to Kremlin energy sources by promoting the development of energy infrastructure¹⁴ in the region via partnerships¹⁵ with U.S. equipment manufacturers and international institutions.

此外，美国国际开发署正在帮助受克里姆林宫恶意活动影响的国家实现欧洲能源供应和网络的多样化。通过美国美国国际开发署正在通过与美国设备制造商和国际机构建立伙伴关系，促进该地区能源基础设施的发展，从而为克里姆林宫提供替代能源。

USAID’s Countering Malign Kremlin Influence program is also heavily focused on safeguarding judicial¹⁶ and democratic institutions. From Ukraine to Armenia, USAID is helping governments and civil society organizations combat corruption, improve cyber security, and enact¹⁷ judicial reform.

美国国际开发署的“打击克林姆林宫恶意影响”项目也着重于维护司法和民主制度。从乌克兰到亚美尼亚，美国国际开发署正在帮助各国政府和民间社会组织打击腐败，改善网络安全，并实施司法改革。

Mr. Bierman emphasized that this program should not be construed¹⁸ as working against the interests of the Russian people. “The Russian people still want the same basic rights and opportunities that we all want. They want to leave behind a better future for the next generation,” he underscored.

比尔曼强调，这个项目不应该被理解为损害俄罗斯人民的利益。“俄罗斯人民仍然想要我们所有人都想要的基本权利和机会。他们想为下一代留下一个更好的未来，”他强调。

“Strong democracies and prosperous economies in Europe and Eurasia can light the way for them.”

“欧洲和欧亚大陆强大的民主和繁荣的经济可以为它们照亮道路。”

“America’s interests,” said Mr. Bierman, “are best served by partnerships with free and independent people who can join us as equals to promote the wealth and security of one another.” Strong democracies and prosperous economies are an example to autocratic governments everywhere that freedom works.

“美国的利益，”比尔曼说，“最好是与自由和独立的人结成伙伴关系，他们可以平等地加入我们，促进彼此的财富和安全。”强大的民主和繁荣的经济是自由发挥作用的专制政府的榜样。

1 administrator   

n.经营管理者，行政官员

参考例句：

• The role of administrator absorbed much of Ben's energy.行政职务耗掉本很多精力。
• He has proved himself capable as administrator.他表现出管理才能。

2 malign   

adj.有害的；恶性的；恶意的；v.诽谤，诬蔑

参考例句：

• It was easy to see why the cartoonists regularly portrayed him as a malign cherub.难怪漫画家总是把他画成一个邪恶的小天使。
• She likes to malign innocent persons.她爱诋毁那些清白的人。

3 interfere   

v.(in)干涉，干预；(with)妨碍，打扰

参考例句：

• If we interfere, it may do more harm than good.如果我们干预的话，可能弊多利少。
• When others interfere in the affair,it always makes troubles. 别人一卷入这一事件，棘手的事情就来了。

4 trajectory   

n.弹道，轨道

参考例句：

• It is not difficult to sketch the subsequent trajectory.很容易描绘出它们最终的轨迹。
• The path followed by a projectile is called its trajectory.抛物体所循的路径称为它的轨道。

5 aspirations   

强烈的愿望( aspiration的名词复数 )； 志向； 发送气音； 发 h 音

参考例句：

• I didn't realize you had political aspirations. 我没有意识到你有政治上的抱负。
• The new treaty embodies the aspirations of most nonaligned countries. 新条约体现了大多数不结盟国家的愿望。

6 well-being   

n.安康，安乐，幸福

参考例句：

• He always has the well-being of the masses at heart.他总是把群众的疾苦挂在心上。
• My concern for their well-being was misunderstood as interference.我关心他们的幸福，却被误解为多管闲事。

7 proxies   

n.代表权( proxy的名词复数 )；（测算用的）代替物；（对代理人的）委托书；（英国国教教区献给主教等的）巡游费

参考例句：

• SOCKS and proxies are unavailable. Try connecting to XX again? socks和代理不可用。尝试重新连接到XX吗？ 来自互联网
• All proxies are still down. Continue with direct connections? 所有的代理仍然有故障。继续直接连接吗？ 来自互联网

8 warfare   

n.战争(状态)；斗争；冲突

参考例句：

• He addressed the audience on the subject of atomic warfare.他向听众演讲有关原子战争的问题。
• Their struggle consists mainly in peasant guerrilla warfare.他们的斗争主要是农民游击战。

9 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

10 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

11 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

12 diversify   

v.（使）不同，（使）变得多样化

参考例句：

• Our company is trying to diversify.我们公司正力图往多样化方面发展。
• Hills and woods diversify the landscape.山陵和树木点缀景色。

13 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

14 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

15 partnerships   

n.伙伴关系( partnership的名词复数 )；合伙人身份；合作关系

参考例句：

• Partnerships suffer another major disadvantage: decision-making is shared. 合伙企业的另一主要缺点是决定要由大家来作。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• It involved selling off limited partnerships. 它涉及到售出有限的合伙权。 来自辞典例句

16 judicial   

adj.司法的，法庭的，审判的，明断的，公正的

参考例句：

• He is a man with a judicial mind.他是个公正的人。
• Tom takes judicial proceedings against his father.汤姆对他的父亲正式提出诉讼。

17 enact   

vt.制定(法律)；上演，扮演

参考例句：

• The U.S. Congress has exclusive authority to enact federal legislation.美国国会是唯一有权颁布联邦法律的。
• For example,a country can enact laws and economic policies to attract foreign investment fairly quickly.例如一个国家可以很快颁布吸引外资的法令和经济政策。

18 construed   

v.解释（陈述、行为等）( construe的过去式和过去分词 )；翻译，作句法分析

参考例句：

• He considered how the remark was to be construed. 他考虑这话该如何理解。
• They construed her silence as meaning that she agreed. 他们把她的沉默解释为表示赞同。 来自《简明英汉词典》