2019年经济学人 东方女性的崛起(1)

东方女性的崛起(1)

The daughter rose in the East

东方女性的崛起

How China forged dozens of self-made female billionaires

中国如何造就数十位白手起家的女性亿万富翁

Dong mingzhu is the most visible face of female enterprise in China.

董明珠是中国最引人注目的女企业家。

The 64- year-old boss of Gree, the world's biggest maker¹ of air-conditioners, is everywhere:

这位64岁的女性是全球最大空调制造商格力的老板，她的形象随处可见：

in television ads, on billboards² and, last year, in two places at once—

在电视上、广告牌上，去年，她甚至同时出现在了两个地方—

jaywalking in the city of Ningbo while at Gree's headquarters in Zhuhai (police cameras mistakenly captured her visage plastered on a bus).

在宁波市，她被拍到闯红灯，同时她还出现在了格力珠海总部（警方监控误拍到贴在公交车上的她的照片）。

Ms Dong joined Gree as a door-to-door saleswoman in 1990, as a widow with an eight-year-old son.

丈夫去世后，董明珠独自带着8岁的儿子，1990年，她加入格力成为了一名上门推销员。

In 2012 she became its chairwoman. Although Gree has state roots, Ms Dong acts like a high-profile entrepreneur.

2012年，她成为格力董事长。虽然格力是国有控股，但董明珠行事却像一名高调的企业家。

Her life was the subject of a TV drama, and she has written two popular memoirs³.

她的经历成为了一部电视剧的主题，而且她写了两部很受欢迎的回忆录。

Her steely, unglamorous image (a confessed penchant⁴ for skirts notwithstanding) inspires young women.

她朴实强硬的形象（尽管如此，她承认自己对裙子情有独钟）激励着年轻的女性。

Matters of gender⁵ bore her. Asked about her rise in a country run by men, she responds: "Men or women, few are up to the challenge."

性别问题让她感到厌烦。当被问及她在这个被男性统治的国家的崛起时，她回答：“无论男女，很少有人能胜任这项挑战。”

That may be so. But Ms Dong represents a generation of Chinese women who have climbed higher than their sisters in South Korea or Japan.

或许是如此，但董明珠代表了一代中国女性，她们比韩国或日本女性取得了更大的成功。

Fully⁶ 51 of the 89 self-made female billionaires on this year's Hurun Rich List, a Who's Who of the ultra-wealthy, are Chinese—

今年胡润富豪榜有89位女亿万富翁，其中51位是中国人—

well above China's 20% share of the world's women. Relative to population (one for every 13.4m Chinese females),

远高于中国女性在世界20%的占比。相较人口而言（每1340万中国女性中有一位），

that is not far off America's tally⁷ of 18 (one for every 9.1m). South Korea has one, Yoo Jung-hyun of Nexon, a gaming giant.

这个与美国的18位相差不远（每910万女性就有一位）。韩国上榜的只有一位—游戏巨头Nexon的金正宙。

Japan has none (Forbes reckons that Yoshiko Shinohara, who founded a temporary-staffing agency, became the first in 2017, aged⁸ 82).

日本没有（根据《福布斯》，人才派遣公司创始人82岁的筱原欣子在2017年成为日本首位白手起家的女性亿万富豪）。

China's include Wu Yajun, a property mogul with a $10bn fortune;

中国上榜的有地产大亨吴亚军，资产价值100亿美元；

Cheng Xue of Foshan Haitian Flavouring & Food Company, known as "the soy-sauce queen";

佛山市海天调味食品股份有限公司的“酱油皇后”程雪；

and Li Haiyan and Shu Ping, co-founders of Haidilao, a chain of hotpot restaurants.

以及连锁火锅店海底捞联合创始人李海燕和舒萍。

Ms Dong, with a net worth of 3bn yuan ($440m), does not make Hurun's list.

拥有净资产30亿人民币（4.4亿美元）的董明珠没有上榜。

Why have they done so well?

为什么她们做得这么好？

1 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

2 billboards   

n.广告牌( billboard的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Large billboards have disfigured the scenery. 大型告示板已破坏了景色。 来自辞典例句
• Then, put the logo in magazines and on billboards without telling anyone what it means. 接着我们把这个商标刊在杂志和广告看板上，却不跟任何人透漏它的涵意。 来自常春藤生活英语杂志-2006年4月号

3 memoirs   

n.回忆录；回忆录传( mem,自oir的名词复数)

参考例句：

• Her memoirs were ghostwritten. 她的回忆录是由别人代写的。
• I watched a trailer for the screenplay of his memoirs. 我看过以他的回忆录改编成电影的预告片。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 penchant   

n.爱好，嗜好；（强烈的）倾向

参考例句：

• She has a penchant for Indian food.她爱吃印度食物。
• He had a penchant for playing jokes on people.他喜欢拿人开玩笑。

5 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

6 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

7 tally   

n.计数器，记分，一致，测量；vt.计算，记录，使一致；vi.计算，记分，一致

参考例句：

• Don't forget to keep a careful tally of what you spend.别忘了仔细记下你的开支账目。
• The facts mentioned in the report tally to every detail.报告中所提到的事实都丝毫不差。

8 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。