2019年经济学人 一周要闻 英政府2050年实现净零排放 英外相竞争保守党魁 伊朗否认袭击油轮

 

Dozens of people, including several children, were killed in a Dogon village in central Mali. The murders were blamed on a Fulani militia¹ and are the latest in a series of tit-for-tat ethnic² killings³. In March a Dogon militia slaughtered⁴ more than 150 Fulani villagers.

马里中部的一个多贡村庄数十人被杀，其中包括数名儿童。这起谋杀被指是富拉尼民兵组织所为，这是一系列针锋相对的种族杀戮事件中最新一次冲突。今年3月，多贡民兵组织屠杀了150多名富拉尼村民。

A child became the first person in Uganda to die of Ebola, a deadly virus that has infected more than 2,000 people in the Democratic Republic of Congo next door. The boy had travelled to Uganda from Congo with family members, some of whom are also infected; his grandmother also died. Uganda’s system for containing epidemics⁵ is far more effective than Congo’s.

一名儿童成为乌干达首位死于埃博拉病毒的患者。埃博拉病毒是一种致命病毒，已经感染了邻国刚果民主共和国的2000多人。这名男孩与家人从刚果前往乌干达，其中一些家属也感染了埃博拉病毒；男童的祖母也去世了。乌干达的流行病控制系统比刚果要有效得多。

Protesters in Sudan called off a general strike and agreed to resume talks with the junta⁶ that took charge after the fall of the country’s dictator, Omar al-Bashir, in April. Negotiations⁷ over who would lead a transitional government had collapsed⁸ when security forces murdered at least 100 demonstrators on June 3rd.

苏丹抗议者取消了一场大罢工，并同意恢复与军政府的谈判。今年4月，苏丹独裁者奥马尔巴希尔(Omar al-Bashir)倒台后，军政府掌权。6月3日，安全部队杀害了至少100名示威者，导致关于过渡政府领导权的谈判破裂。

Botswana’s high court legalised gay sex, striking down a colonial-era prohibition⁹. Half of young people in Botswana now say they would not object to a gay neighbour, a marked increase in tolerance¹⁰ from previous generations.

博茨瓦纳高等法院推翻了殖民时代的禁令，将同性性行为合法化。博茨瓦纳一半的年轻人表示，不会反对与同性恋为邻，这与前几代人相比，（对同性恋）的宽容度明显提高。

Oil prices jumped after two tankers¹¹ were reportedly damaged in a suspected attack off the coast of Oman. America has blamed Iran for several recent attacks on shipping¹².

据报道，两艘油轮在阿曼海岸附近的疑似袭击中受损，随后油价飙升。美国指责伊朗最近袭击了多个航运船只。

A Saudi Arabian teenager faces possible execution for taking part in a demonstration¹³ when he was ten years old. The boy, now 18, has been held for four years.

沙特一名十几岁的少年因在10岁时参加示威活动可能面临死刑。这名男孩现年18岁，已被拘留四年。

Old tricks

故技重施

Ivan Golunov, a Russian journalist who exposes corruption¹⁴, was arrested after police claimed to have found drugs in his possession. Photos purporting¹⁵ to show a drug lab in his flat turned out to have been taken somewhere completely different. After huge protests, which included the front pages of normally quiescent¹⁶ newspapers, at his obvious framing, the authorities released him.

揭露腐败的俄罗斯记者伊万·戈洛诺夫在警方指控其持有毒品后被逮捕。据称，那些被指是其公寓内毒品实验室的照片，却是在一个完全不同的地方拍摄的。在大规模的抗议(包括各大报社头版无声地声援)后，当局释放了他。

In Moldova police surrounded government buildings after a rival administration declared itself in charge. The pro-Russian president, who supports the new team, was sacked by the old team.

在摩尔多瓦，在敌对政府宣布掌权后，警方包围了政府大楼。支持新团队的亲俄总统被老团队罢免。

Ten candidates jostled to become leader of Britain’s Conservative Party, and thus the country’s next prime minister. Boris Johnson is the bookies’ favourite, but not Europe’s.

十名候选人竞争成为英国保守党领袖，从而成为英国下一任首相。鲍里斯·约翰逊备受赌徒欢迎，但不被欧洲待见。

The British government amended¹⁷ the Climate Change Act to set a target of eliminating Britain’s net emissions¹⁸ of greenhouse gases by 2050. The “net zero” target is the first in any G7 country. There are two wrinkles: it is unclear whether the target will include emissions from aviation and shipping; and policies adopted to reach the target may make use of international offsets¹⁹.

英国政府修订了《气候变化法案》，设定了到2050年消除英国温室气体净排放的目标。“净零”目标在七国集团(G7)国家中尚属首次。目前还不清楚减排目标是否包括航空和航运;为达到这一目标而采取的政策是否可以利用国际补偿。

Norway’s parliament voted to require the country’s sovereign-wealth fund, the world’s largest, to divest²⁰ from fossil-fuel companies. Energy giants that have invested heavily in renewables, such as BP and Shell, are excluded.

挪威议会投票要求该国全球最大的主权财富基金从化石燃料公司撤资。英国石油(bp)和壳牌(Shell)等在可再生能源领域大举投资的能源巨头被排除在外。

1 militia   

n.民兵，民兵组织

参考例句：

• First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面，其次是民兵。
• There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。

2 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

3 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

4 slaughtered   

v.屠杀，杀戮，屠宰( slaughter的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The invading army slaughtered a lot of people. 侵略军杀了许多人。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Hundreds of innocent civilians were cruelly slaughtered. 数百名无辜平民遭残杀。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 epidemics   

n．流行病

参考例句：

• Reliance upon natural epidemics may be both time-consuming and misleading. 依靠天然的流行既浪费时间，又会引入歧途。
• The antibiotic epidemics usually start stop when the summer rainy season begins. 传染病通常会在夏天的雨季停止传播。

6 junta   

n.团体；政务审议会

参考例句：

• The junta reacted violently to the perceived threat to its authority.军政府感到自身权力受威胁而进行了激烈反击。
• A military junta took control of the country.一个军政权控制了国家。

7 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

8 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。

9 prohibition   

n.禁止；禁令，禁律

参考例句：

• The prohibition against drunken driving will save many lives.禁止酒后开车将会减少许多死亡事故。
• They voted in favour of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.他们投票赞成禁止在公共场所吸烟。

10 tolerance   

n.宽容；容忍，忍受；耐药力；公差

参考例句：

• Tolerance is one of his strengths.宽容是他的一个优点。
• Human beings have limited tolerance of noise.人类对噪音的忍耐力有限。

11 tankers   

运送大量液体或气体的轮船[卡车]( tanker的名词复数 )； 油轮； 罐车； 油槽车

参考例句：

• They should stop offloading waste from oil tankers into the sea. 他们应当停止从油轮上往海里倾倒废弃物。
• The harbour admits large tankers and freighters. 这个港口容得下巨型油船和货轮。

12 shipping   

n.船运（发货，运输，乘船）

参考例句：

• We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
• There's a shipping charge of ￡5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。

13 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

14 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

15 purporting   

v.声称是…，（装得）像是…的样子( purport的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Cindy Adams (Columnist) : He's purporting to be Mother Teresa. 辛迪？亚当斯（专栏作家）：他无意成为德兰修女。 来自互联网
• To prohibit certain practices purporting to be sales by auction. 本条例旨在对看来是以拍卖方式作出的售卖中某些行为予以禁止。 来自互联网

16 quiescent   

adj.静止的，不活动的，寂静的

参考例句：

• It is unlikely that such an extremist organization will remain quiescent for long.这种过激的组织是不太可能长期沉默的。
• Great distance in either time or space has wonderful power to lull and render quiescent the human mind.时间和空间上的远距离有一种奇妙的力量，可以使人的心灵平静。

17 Amended   

adj. 修正的 动词amend的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He asked to see the amended version. 他要求看修订本。
• He amended his speech by making some additions and deletions. 他对讲稿作了些增删修改。

18 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

19 offsets   

n.开端( offset的名词复数 )；出发v.抵消( offset的第三人称单数 )；补偿；（为了比较的目的而）把…并列（或并置）；为（管道等）装支管

参考例句：

• The following paragraphs deal with intra-source offsets and the so-called \"bubble\" concept. 下面讨论污染源内部的补偿和所谓的“泡泡”概念。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• The preceding paragraphs were concerned with inter-source offsets. 前文牵涉到污染源之间的补偿。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

20 divest   

v.脱去，剥除

参考例句：

• I cannot divest myself of the idea.我无法消除那个念头。
• He attempted to divest himself of all responsibilities for the decision.他力图摆脱掉作出该项决定的一切责任。