TED演讲:女性是怎样发起非暴力冲突的(6)

 This period, though, was also marked by widespread nonviolent organizing 然而，这个时期也同样充斥着非暴力的组织形式

in the forms of strikes, sit-ins and the creation of parallel institutions. 罢工、静坐及平行组织的其他活动

During the First Intifada, whole sectors¹ of the Palestinian civilian² population mobilized, 在大起义期间，所有的巴基斯坦民族都动员起来

cutting across generations, factions³ and class lines. 跨越了世代、派系和阶级的界限

They did this through networks of popular committees, 他们通过人民委员会网络实现这一切

and their use of direct action and communal⁴ self-help projects 他们对直接行动和社区自助项目的运用

challenged Israel's very ability to continue ruling the West Bank and Gaza. 直接挑战了以色列持续统治西岸和加沙的能力

According to the Israeli Army itself, 根据以色列军队自己的说法

97 percent of activities during the First Intifada were unarmed. 大起义期间，百分之97的活动是没有武装的

And here's another thing that is not part of our narrative⁵ about that time. 还有一件事情是谈论那个世代时没有提到的

For 18 months in the Intifada, women were the ones calling the shots behind the scenes: 大起义间的18个月，女人们在幕后发号施令

Palestinian women from all walks of life 来自各个阶层的巴基斯坦女人

in charge of mobilizing hundreds of thousands of people in a concerted effort to withdraw consent from the occupation. 负责动员成千上万的人共同努力从占领撤回统一

Naela Ayyash, who strived to build a self-sufficient Palestinian economy Naela Ayyash力求通过鼓励加沙的女人在后院种植蔬菜

by encouraging women in Gaza to grow vegetables in their backyards, 建立一个自足的巴基斯坦经济

an activity deemed illegal by the Israeli authorities at that time; 这项活动被当时的以色列政府视为非法

Rabeha Diab, who took over decision-making authority for the entire uprising Rabeha Diab在负责运行整个起义的男人被驱逐后

when the men who had been running it were deported⁶; 扛起了指定决策的大旗

Fatima Al Jaafari, who swallowed leaflets containing the uprising's directives Fatima AL Jaafari吞下含有起义指令的传单

in order to spread them across the territories without getting caught; 以免在穿越整个领土传递的时候被抓到

and Zahira Kamal, who ensured the longevity⁷ of the uprising by leading an organization that went from 25 women to 3,000 in a single year. 还有Zahira kamal，她通过领导一个在仅仅一年间人数从25位女人增长到3000的组织，保证了起义的长期进行。

1 sectors   

n.部门( sector的名词复数 )；领域；防御地区；扇形

参考例句：

• Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

2 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

3 factions   

组织中的小派别，派系( faction的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The gens also lives on in the "factions." 氏族此外还继续存在于“factions〔“帮”〕中。 来自英汉非文学 - 家庭、私有制和国家的起源
• rival factions within the administration 政府中的对立派别

4 communal   

adj.公有的，公共的，公社的，公社制的

参考例句：

• There was a communal toilet on the landing for the four flats.在楼梯平台上有一处公共卫生间供4套公寓使用。
• The toilets and other communal facilities were in a shocking state.厕所及其他公共设施的状况极其糟糕。

5 narrative   

n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的

参考例句：

• He was a writer of great narrative power.他是一位颇有记述能力的作家。
• Neither author was very strong on narrative.两个作者都不是很善于讲故事。

6 deported   

v.将…驱逐出境( deport的过去式和过去分词 )；举止

参考例句：

• They stripped me of my citizenship and deported me. 他们剥夺我的公民资格，将我驱逐出境。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The convicts were deported to a deserted island. 罪犯们被流放到一个荒岛。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 longevity   

n.长命；长寿

参考例句：

• Good habits promote longevity.良好的习惯能增长寿命。
• Human longevity runs in families.人类的长寿具有家族遗传性。