华盛顿邮报 地球上生孩子最要命的地方(2)

So tell me a little bit about why Susan's situation here is so precarious¹ and why the maternal² mortality rate in Sierra Leone is so high.

请告诉我为什么苏珊在这里的处境如此危险以及为什么塞拉利昂的产妇死亡率如此之高。

The maternal mortality rate in Sierra Leone is so high, doctors say, because a large share of women won't go to a medical center to give birth.

塞拉利昂的产妇死亡率很高，医生说，因为很大一部分妇女不去医疗中心分娩。

And there's a number of reasons for that.

产妇死亡率很高有很多原因。

The country endured 11 years of civil war, which totally obliterated³ its hospitals and medical centers.

该国经历了11年的内战，医院和医疗中心被完全摧毁。

Then right after that, we had the 2014-2016 Ebola epidemic⁴, which scared people away from hospitals.

紧接着，2014-2016年爆发了埃博拉疫情，人们被吓得不敢去医院。

So you've got a norm where, "Okay, I feel good. My mom has done this. My grandmother's done this. I'm going to stay home, and I'm going to give birth."

所以这就变成了常态，“好吧，我感觉很好。 我妈妈就这样做过。我祖母也这么做过。我要待在家里，我要生孩子。”

And in those scenarios⁵, it can be fine or you could have a complication.

在这些情境下，这么做可能没事，也可能会出现并发症。

And when you have a complication, it's very important to have a doctor or a nurse, someone with the right tools around to address that.

当你出现并发症时，有医生或护士是非常重要的，这些人周围有合适的工具去解决问题。

And that's why you see so many deaths.

这就是为什么你看到这么多产妇死亡。

There are women who either don't make it to the hospital on time or don't try to go at all.

有些女人要么没能及时赶到医院要么根本就没去。

And then there are other cases where they do go to the hospital, but there's a shortage of medicine, equipment, there's a giant shortage of health-care workers.

还有一些情况，他们确实去了医院，但药品、设备却短缺，医护人员也严重短缺。

So maybe you get in at the moment where someone's just simply not on the clock.

也许你是在别人不上班的时候进来的。

So, so much has to do with luck, luck that you make it to the hospital, luck that the hospital has a nurse on duty, luck that the hospital has the kind of drugs you need to save your life, luck that the blood bank has reserves.

所以，很多都与运气有关，你能到医院的运气，医院有值班护士的运气，医院有你需要的药物来拯救你生命的运气，血库有储备的运气。

Danielle says that the rate of maternal mortality in Sierra Leone has been getting better over the years, but the number of women who die from pregnancy⁶ or childbirth is one in 20, and it's still really high, something that Susan has experienced firsthand.

丹妮尔说，塞拉利昂的产妇死亡率近年来有所改善，但死于怀孕或分娩的妇女人数是二十分之一，这个数字仍然很高，苏珊亲身经历了这些。

So, Susan was born in a town that, during the Civil War, the rebels had claimed, rebels vying⁷ to take over Sierra Leone, essentially⁸.

苏珊出生在一个小镇，内战期间，叛军声称，叛军在争夺塞拉利昂的控制权。

There was an uprising. It was a terrible, bloody⁹ civil war.

发生了一场起义。 那是一场可怕的、血腥的内战。

And during that time, the hospital in Kono had been destroyed.

在此期间，科诺的医院被摧毁了。

Her mother decided¹⁰ to stay home and give birth to her.

母亲决定留在家里生她。

She died in childbirth. Her father, Susan never met.

母亲死于难产。 苏珊从未见过父亲的面。

Her parents were living together. Her dad rented the place.

她的父母住在一起。 她爸爸租了这个地方。

And by the time her mom went into labor¹¹ and then died, he just left.

等她妈妈生孩子去世的时候，他爸爸走了。

Susan landed at her grandmother's house.

苏珊降落在她祖母家。

Her grandmother raised her until she was about 10, and then her grandmother died of old age.

祖母一直抚养她到10岁左右，然后祖母年事已高，去世了。

She ended up staying with a woman who sold soap in her neighborhood.

最后，她住在附近一个卖肥皂的女人家里。

And then that woman had to move away to a different country, to Guinea.

然后那个女人不得不搬去了另一个国家--几内亚。

And Susan had found herself once again without housing.

苏珊又一次无家可归了。

1 precarious   

adj.不安定的，靠不住的；根据不足的

参考例句：

• Our financial situation had become precarious.我们的财务状况已变得不稳定了。
• He earned a precarious living as an artist.作为一个艺术家，他过得是朝不保夕的生活。

2 maternal   

adj.母亲的，母亲般的，母系的，母方的

参考例句：

• He is my maternal uncle.他是我舅舅。
• The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts.那个绝望的小男孩的模样唤起了她的母性。

3 obliterated   

v.除去( obliterate的过去式和过去分词 )；涂去；擦掉；彻底破坏或毁灭

参考例句：

• The building was completely obliterated by the bomb. 炸弹把那座建筑物彻底摧毁了。
• He began to drink, drank himself to intoxication, till he slept obliterated. 他一直喝，喝到他快要迷糊地睡着了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

5 scenarios   

n.[意]情节；剧本；事态；脚本

参考例句：

• Further, graphite cores may be safer than non-graphite cores under some accident scenarios. 再者，根据一些事故解说，石墨堆芯可比非石墨堆芯更安全一些。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Again, scenarios should make it clear which modes are acceptable to users in various contexts. 同样，我们可以运用场景剧本来搞清楚在不同情境下哪些模式可被用户接受。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

6 pregnancy   

n.怀孕，怀孕期

参考例句：

• Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
• Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。

7 vying   

adj.竞争的；比赛的

参考例句：

• California is vying with other states to capture a piece of the growing communications market.为了在日渐扩大的通讯市场分得一杯羹，加利福尼亚正在和其他州展开竞争。
• Four rescue plans are vying to save the zoo.4个拯救动物园的方案正争得不可开交。

8 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

9 bloody   

adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染

参考例句：

• He got a bloody nose in the fight.他在打斗中被打得鼻子流血。
• He is a bloody fool.他是一个十足的笨蛋。

10 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

11 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。