2022年经济学人 印度尼西亚的伊玛目为环保做出贡献(1)

Indonesia’s imams are doing their bit for the environment.

印度尼西亚的伊玛目正在为环境做出自己的贡献。

Jakarta is constantly under aquatic¹ assault, from above and below.

雅加达不断受到暴雨和洪水的冲击。

Last month three pupils died when their school collapsed² amid a downpour.

上个月，雅加达的一所学校在倾盆大雨中倒塌，导致三名学生死亡。

In 2020 the worst deluge³ in over a decade killed dozens and displaced nearly 400,000 people.

2020年，雅加达发生了一场十多年来最严重的洪水，导致数十人死亡，近40万人流离失所。

With 13 rivers flowing through it, the Indonesian capital has always flooded.

印尼首都雅加达有13条河流流经，经常遭遇洪水侵袭。

But the frequency and severity of floods is growing.

但洪水的频率和严重程度正在加强。

Parts of the city are sinking into the sea at a rate of 25cm (ten inches) each year.

这座城市的部分地区正以每年25厘米(10英寸)的速度沉入大海。

A similar story is unfolding in other parts of Indonesia.

类似的故事正在印度尼西亚的其他地区上演。

Floods displaced over 600,000 people in the archipelagic country last year.

去年，洪水使这个群岛国家的60多万人流离失所。

The World Bank warns that up to 4.2m Indonesians could be exposed to permanent flooding by the end of the century.

世界银行警告称，到本世纪末，印尼420万人口可能面临持续性洪灾。

In the drier seasons, droughts cause forest fires, threatening Indonesia’s 94m hectares (230m acres) of forest.

在更干旱的季节，干旱会引发森林火灾，威胁印尼9400万公顷(2.3亿英亩)的森林。

Yet a country so exposed to the dangers of climate change is also a hotbed of climate denialism.

然而，一个遭遇如此危险的气候变化的国家，也是孕育气候否认主义的温床。

A recent YouGov-Cambridge poll found that 13% of Indonesians say climate change is not caused by humans, just a shade less than the proportion in America.

YouGov-Cambridge近期的一项民意调查发现，13%的印尼人认为气候变化不是由人类造成的，这一比例仅略低于美国。

Indonesia’s imams, part of the influential⁴ Islamic establishment, want to change that.

印度尼西亚的伊玛目作为有影响力的伊斯兰组织的一部分，想要改变这一点。

In July the country’s top Islamic representatives gathered at Istiqlal Mosque⁵ in Jakarta to establish the Muslim Congress for a Sustainable Indonesia, a forum⁶ for co-ordinating Islamic environmental activism among clerics, teachers, academics and politicians.

今年7月，印尼最高伊斯兰代表齐聚雅加达伊斯蒂克拉尔清真寺，成立了“穆斯林印尼可持续发展大会”，这是一个协调神职人员、教师、学者和政客参与伊斯兰环保活动的论坛。

Nasaruddin Umar, Istiqlal’s grand imam, declared at the gathering⁷ that a mosque should be a place to “green the mind and the heart”.

伊斯蒂克拉尔的大伊玛目纳萨鲁丁·奥马尔在大会上宣布，清真寺应该是“绿化心灵”的地方。

He has started by installing solar panels and water-recycling systems in his own mosque.

他已经在自己所在的清真寺安装了太阳能电池板和水的再生利用系统。

Another 1,000 mosques⁸ will be fitted with solar panels and smart energy meters.

其它1000座清真寺也将安装太阳能电池板和智能电表。

Istiqlal is part of a growing movement.

伊斯蒂克拉尔清真寺的活动是一场日益壮大的运动的一部分。

In 2018 Nahdlatul Ulama, Indonesia’s largest Islamic organisation⁹, launched a series of sermons on waste and recycling.

2018年，印尼最大的伊斯兰组织联合会发起了一系列关于废物和回收的布道。

Muhammadiyah, the second-largest such body, created a programme to teach its imams to become “environmental preachers”.

第二大伊斯兰组织穆罕马迪亚制定了一项计划，将其伊玛目培训成为“环境传教士”。

1 aquatic   

adj.水生的，水栖的

参考例句：

• Aquatic sports include swimming and rowing.水上运动包括游泳和划船。
• We visited an aquatic city in Italy.我们在意大利访问过一个水上城市。

2 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。

3 deluge   

n./vt.洪水，暴雨，使泛滥

参考例句：

• This little stream can become a deluge when it rains heavily.雨大的时候，这条小溪能变作洪流。
• I got caught in the deluge on the way home.我在回家的路上遇到倾盆大雨。

4 influential   

adj.有影响的，有权势的

参考例句：

• He always tries to get in with the most influential people.他总是试图巴结最有影响的人物。
• He is a very influential man in the government.他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。

5 mosque   

n.清真寺

参考例句：

• The mosque is a activity site and culture center of Muslim religion.清真寺为穆斯林宗教活动场所和文化中心。
• Some years ago the clock in the tower of the mosque got out of order.几年前，清真寺钟楼里的大钟失灵了。

6 forum   

n.论坛，讨论会

参考例句：

• They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
• The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。

7 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

8 mosques   

清真寺； 伊斯兰教寺院，清真寺； 清真寺，伊斯兰教寺院( mosque的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Why make us believe that this tunnel runs underneath the mosques? 为什么要让我们相信这条隧洞是在清真寺下？
• The city's three biggest mosques, long fallen into disrepair, have been renovated. 城里最大的三座清真寺，过去年久失修，现在已经修复。

9 organisation   

n.组织，安排，团体，有机休

参考例句：

• The method of his organisation work is worth commending.他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
• His application for membership of the organisation was rejected.他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。