纪录片《佛教世界的七大奇观》 柬埔寨吴哥窟（2）

Before 1200, art in the temples mostly portrayed¹ scenes from the Hindu pantheon.

在公元1200年之前，寺庙的艺术主体大多是描绘印度教众神的场景。

After his conversion², Buddhist³ scenes began to appear as standard motifs⁴.

在阇耶跋摩七世改奉佛教以后，佛教场景开始成为标准的主题。

During his reign⁵, there was a focus on building libraries, monastic dwellings⁶, public works,

在他统治期间，着力兴建藏经楼、僧舍、公共场所，

and more "earthly" projects, accessible to the common people.

及其它向普通百姓开放的“世俗”项目。

So history in Cambodia takes a humanist turn

所以柬埔寨的历史上发生了一次人文主义的转变。

And as Buddhism⁷ rises in popularity, you find images of the Buddha⁸ and his followers⁹ emerging everywhere in the architecture in gates, in walls and in temples.

随着佛教的盛行，你会发现，佛陀及其弟子的形象出现在这座建筑的每个角落。在门上、墙上，还有庙宇里都可以见到他们的身影。

So now Angkor is showing the world a more human face.

如今的吴哥以一种更为人性化的面孔展现在世人面前。

The Angkor complex is a prime example of the classical style of Khmer architecture.

吴哥窟庙群具有典型的高棉建筑风格。

By the 12th century, Khmer architects had become skilled and confident in masonry¹⁰, facing the monuments with intricate sandstone blocks.

到了12世纪，高棉建筑师对砖石建筑，以及在复杂沙石块上雕刻的工艺已经非常熟练和自信了。

Angkor Wat is famous for the harmony of its world-class design.

吴哥窟因其世界级的协调设计而举世闻名。

Architecturally, towers shaped like lotus buds are characteristic.

从建筑角度讲，莲花花蕾样式的塔形使其独具特色。

Half-galleries broaden the passageways, other galleries connect enclosures,

半开放式的一面走廊让甬道更显宽阔，另一面走廊则连接各个围栏，

and terraces appear along the main pathways of the temple.

而露台沿庙宇的主干道而建。

The walls are decorated with bas-reliefs showing Hindu mythological¹¹ figures and detailed¹² narrative¹³ scenes.

墙壁由浅浮雕装饰，描绘这印度教中的神话人物以及详细的故事场景。

This one depicts¹⁴ the churning of the oceans.

这一幅描绘的是神话“搅乳海”。

Other elements of the design have been destroyed by looting and the passage of time.

寺庙的其它设计元素则在劫掠和岁月流逝中损毁了。

They included gilded¹⁵ stucco, gold on some figures, and elaborate carved ceiling panels and doors.

包括描金灰墁，一些塑像上的镀金，以及雕刻精美的天花板和门。

This was the largest sacred building in the world.

这曾是世界上最大的宗教建筑。

Although there is an eerie¹⁶, crumbling¹⁷ beauty to this place now,

尽管这个地方现在呈现出来的美略带奇异且支离破碎，

you have to imagine it in its heyday¹⁸, all this stonework would have been brightly painted.

但你可以想象在其鼎盛时期，所有这些石像都曾明艳夺目。

And in this corridor there would have been many hundreds of statues of the Buddha, wrought¹⁹ out of precious gold.

这条走廊里一定曾有数以百计的、由贵重黄金锻造而成的佛像。

The light from the statues would have been reflected back from the walls, which would have been studded with emeralds and sapphires²⁰ and rubies²¹.

佛像的金光会被镶嵌在墙上的星罗棋布的祖母绿、蓝宝石、红宝石等等反射回来。

And outside there would have been crowds of monks²², their eyes closed in meditation²³,

而外面有成群的僧侣，他们阖目冥想，

their faces lit by the glow of torches made out of jungle resin²⁴.

面庞被树脂火把发出的光芒照亮。

1 portrayed   

v.画像( portray的过去式和过去分词 )；描述；描绘；描画

参考例句：

• Throughout the trial, he portrayed himself as the victim. 在审讯过程中，他始终把自己说成是受害者。
• The author portrayed his father as a vicious drunkard. 作者把他父亲描绘成一个可恶的酒鬼。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

2 conversion   

n.转化，转换，转变

参考例句：

• He underwent quite a conversion.他彻底变了。
• Waste conversion is a part of the production process.废物处理是生产过程的一个组成部分。

3 Buddhist   

adj./n.佛教的，佛教徒

参考例句：

• The old lady fell down in adoration before Buddhist images.那老太太在佛像面前顶礼膜拜。
• In the eye of the Buddhist,every worldly affair is vain.在佛教徒的眼里，人世上一切事情都是空的。

4 motifs   

n. （文艺作品等的）主题( motif的名词复数 )；中心思想；基本模式；基本图案

参考例句：

• I try to develop beyond the old motifs. 我力求对传统的花纹图案做到推陈出新。 来自辞典例句
• American Dream is one of the most important motifs of American literature. “美国梦”是美国文学最重要的母题之一。 来自互联网

5 reign   

n.统治时期，统治，支配，盛行；v.占优势

参考例句：

• The reign of Queen Elizabeth lapped over into the seventeenth century.伊丽莎白王朝延至17世纪。
• The reign of Zhu Yuanzhang lasted about 31 years.朱元璋统治了大约三十一年。

6 dwellings   

n.住处，处所( dwelling的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The development will consist of 66 dwellings and a number of offices. 新建楼区将由66栋住房和一些办公用房组成。
• The hovels which passed for dwellings are being pulled down. 过去用作住室的陋屋正在被拆除。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 Buddhism   

n.佛教（教义）

参考例句：

• Buddhism was introduced into China about 67 AD.佛教是在公元67年左右传入中国的。
• Many people willingly converted to Buddhism.很多人情愿皈依佛教。

8 Buddha   

n.佛；佛像；佛陀

参考例句：

• Several women knelt down before the statue of Buddha and prayed.几个妇女跪在佛像前祈祷。
• He has kept the figure of Buddha for luck.为了图吉利他一直保存着这尊佛像。

9 followers   

追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件

参考例句：

• the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
• The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。

10 masonry   

n.砖土建筑；砖石

参考例句：

• Masonry is a careful skill.砖石工艺是一种精心的技艺。
• The masonry of the old building began to crumble.旧楼房的砖石结构开始崩落。

11 mythological   

adj.神话的

参考例句：

• He is remembered for his historical and mythological works. 他以其带有历史感和神话色彩的作品而著称。
• But even so, the cumulative process had for most Americans a deep, almost mythological significance. 不过即使如此，移民渐增的过程，对于大部分美国人，还是意味深长的，几乎有不可思议的影响。

12 detailed   

adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的

参考例句：

• He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
• A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。

13 narrative   

n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的

参考例句：

• He was a writer of great narrative power.他是一位颇有记述能力的作家。
• Neither author was very strong on narrative.两个作者都不是很善于讲故事。

14 depicts   

描绘，描画( depict的第三人称单数 )； 描述

参考例句：

• The book vividly depicts French society of the 1930s. 这本书生动地描绘了20 世纪30 年代的法国社会。
• He depicts the sordid and vulgar sides of life exclusively. 他只描写人生肮脏和庸俗的一面。

15 gilded   

a.镀金的，富有的

参考例句：

• The golden light gilded the sea. 金色的阳光使大海如金子般闪闪发光。
• "Friends, they are only gilded disks of lead!" "朋友们，这只不过是些镀金的铅饼！ 来自英汉文学 - 败坏赫德莱堡

16 eerie   

adj.怪诞的；奇异的；可怕的；胆怯的

参考例句：

• It's eerie to walk through a dark wood at night.夜晚在漆黑的森林中行走很是恐怖。
• I walked down the eerie dark path.我走在那条漆黑恐怖的小路上。

17 crumbling   

adj.摇摇欲坠的

参考例句：

• an old house with crumbling plaster and a leaking roof 一所灰泥剥落、屋顶漏水的老房子
• The boat was tied up alongside a crumbling limestone jetty. 这条船停泊在一个摇摇欲坠的石灰岩码头边。

18 heyday   

n.全盛时期，青春期

参考例句：

• The 19th century was the heyday of steam railways.19世纪是蒸汽机车鼎盛的时代。
• She was a great singer in her heyday.她在自己的黄金时代是个了不起的歌唱家。

19 wrought   

v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的

参考例句：

• Events in Paris wrought a change in British opinion towards France and Germany.巴黎发生的事件改变了英国对法国和德国的看法。
• It's a walking stick with a gold head wrought in the form of a flower.那是一个金质花形包头的拐杖。

20 sapphires   

n.蓝宝石，钢玉宝石( sapphire的名词复数 )；蔚蓝色

参考例句：

• Again there was that moment of splintered sapphires before the lids, dropping like scales, extinguished it. 她眼眶中又闪烁出蓝宝石的光彩，接着眼睑象鱼鳞般地垂落下来，双目又黯然失色了。 来自辞典例句
• She also sported a somewhat gawdy gold watch set with diamonds and sapphires. 她还收到一块镶着钻石和蓝宝石的金表。 来自辞典例句

21 rubies   

红宝石( ruby的名词复数 )； 红宝石色，深红色

参考例句：

• a necklace of rubies intertwined with pearls 缠着珍珠的红宝石项链
• The crown was set with precious jewels—diamonds, rubies and emeralds. 王冠上镶嵌着稀世珍宝—有钻石、红宝石、绿宝石。

22 monks   

n.修道士，僧侣( monk的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The monks lived a very ascetic life. 僧侣过着很清苦的生活。
• He had been trained rigorously by the monks. 他接受过修道士的严格训练。 来自《简明英汉词典》

23 meditation   

n.熟虑，（尤指宗教的）默想，沉思，（pl.）冥想录

参考例句：

• This peaceful garden lends itself to meditation.这个恬静的花园适于冥想。
• I'm sorry to interrupt your meditation.很抱歉，我打断了你的沉思。

24 resin   

n.树脂，松香，树脂制品；vt.涂树脂

参考例句：

• This allyl type resin is a highly transparent, colourless material.这种烯丙基型的树脂是一种高度透明的、无色材料。
• This is referred to as a thixotropic property of the resin.这种特性叫做树脂的触变性。