纽约时报 博尔顿对抗伊朗的要求引五角大楼惊慌(2)

Earlier this month, he warned Iran against launching three spacecraft,

本月早些时候，庞培还警告伊朗不要发射那三枚航天器，

describing them as a pretext¹ for testing missile technology that is necessary to carry a warhead to the United States and other nations.

称该动作不过是伊朗测试向美国及其他国家发射可携带核弹头导弹的技术的借口。

His statement appeared aimed at building a legal case for diplomatic, military or covert² action against the Iranian missile program.

他的这一说法似乎旨在将针对伊朗的导弹计划展开外交、军事或秘密行动纳入司法范畴。

It was surprising because Iran has used these modest space missions, mostly to deploy³ satellites, since 2005.

但这一说法还是让人有些意外，因为自2005年以来，伊朗的这些规模不大的太空任务的主要用途其实是部署卫星。

The senior American official said that the Pentagon and the intelligence agencies

上文提到的高级官员还说，五角大楼和情报机构

disagreed with Mr. Pompeo’s interpretation⁴ of the threat posed by the satellite launches.

并不同意庞培所谓的卫星发射对美国构成了威胁的解读。

Speaking on Sunday on CBS’s “Face the Nation” during a visit to Abu Dhabi, in the United Arab Emirates,

周日，庞培在阿联酋首都阿布扎比接受哥伦比亚广播公司《面对国家》节目采访时表示，

Mr. Pompeo discounted the argument that Mr. Trump⁵’s decision to withdraw 2,000 American troops from Syria in the coming months

对于特朗普未来几个月内从叙利亚撤军2000人的决定

undercuts Washington’s ability to achieve its other goals in the region.

会削弱华盛顿在该地区实现其他目标的能力这一说法，他并不完全相信。

“That certainly includes in Syria,” he said. “It certainly includes into Iran, if need be.”

“该地区当然包括在叙利亚了，”他说。“有必要的话，当然也包括伊朗。”

But Mr. Pompeo also opposed the idea of an airstrike on Iran after its attack on the embassy,

但据一名前政府高级官员透露，

according to a former senior administration official.

庞培也反对博尔顿提出的在伊朗袭击美国大使馆后空袭伊朗的想法。

On Sunday, he declined to comment about The Journal’s report.

但周日接受《华尔街日报》采访时庞培拒绝就此事表态。

On each stop of his Middle East trip, Mr. Pompeo, a former Army officer, has spoken of the need to counter Iran, but has not talked of military action.

曾经当过军队指挥的庞培在其中东之行的每一站都谈到了对抗伊朗的必要性，但并没有谈到具体的军事行动。

When Mr. McMaster, then a three-star Army general, took over as national security adviser⁶ in early 2017,

2017年初，当时还是三星中将的麦克马斯特接任国家安全顾问之职时，

he ordered a new overall war plan for Iran.

曾下令制定了一套全新的对伊作战计划。

Mr. Mattis, who is himself an Iran hawk⁷ from his days as a Marine⁸ Corps⁹ commander in the region, delivered options.

负责执行相关方案的是从担任海军陆战队驻该地区指挥官时起在伊朗问题方面就已经持鹰派态度的马蒂斯。

But those plans were not for the kind of pinpoint¹⁰ strikes that Mr. Bolton envisioned after the attack on the American Embassy on Sept. 6.

但那些计划并不是为了实行9月6日美国大使馆遇袭后博尔顿设想的那种精确打击。

On the Sunday following the attack, the senior American official said,

袭击发生后的那个周日，这名高级官员说，

Mr. Bolton’s deputy at the time, Mira Ricardel, convened¹¹ an emergency meeting of national security aides to Mr. Trump,

博尔顿当时的助手米拉·里卡德尔曾召集特朗普的国家安全助理们召开了一场紧急会议，

called a deputies committee meeting, and asked for retaliatory¹² options.

会议名称为“助理委员会议”，要求对伊朗采取报复措施。

On Sept. 11, the White House said in a statement,

9月11日，白宫在一份声明中说到，

“The United States will hold the regime in Tehran accountable for any attack

“凡袭击伤害了我方民众或破坏了我方政府机构时，

that results in injury to our personnel or damage to United States government facilities.

我方必将追究德黑兰政权的责任。

America will respond swiftly and decisively in defense¹³ of American lives.”

届时，我方政府将迅速果断地行动起来，捍卫我国人民的生命。”

What happened next illustrates¹⁴ Mr. Bolton’s management style.

接下来发生的事情就体现了博尔顿的管理风格。

As the president’s national security adviser,

作为总统的国家安全顾问，

he has largely eliminated the internal policy debates that could air high-level disagreements.

他在很大程度上制止了政府内部原本可能引发高层之间的分歧的政策方面的争论。

1 pretext   

n.借口，托词

参考例句：

• He used his headache as a pretext for not going to school.他借口头疼而不去上学。
• He didn't attend that meeting under the pretext of sickness.他以生病为借口，没参加那个会议。

2 covert   

adj.隐藏的；暗地里的

参考例句：

• We should learn to fight with enemy in an overt and covert way.我们应学会同敌人做公开和隐蔽的斗争。
• The army carried out covert surveillance of the building for several months.军队对这座建筑物进行了数月的秘密监视。

3 deploy   

v.（军）散开成战斗队形，布置，展开

参考例句：

• The infantry began to deploy at dawn.步兵黎明时开始进入战斗位置。
• The president said he had no intention of deploying ground troops.总统称并不打算部署地面部队。

4 interpretation   

n.解释，说明，描述；艺术处理

参考例句：

• His statement admits of one interpretation only.他的话只有一种解释。
• Analysis and interpretation is a very personal thing.分析与说明是个很主观的事情。

5 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

6 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

7 hawk   

n.鹰，骗子；鹰派成员

参考例句：

• The hawk swooped down on the rabbit and killed it.鹰猛地朝兔子扑下来,并把它杀死。
• The hawk snatched the chicken and flew away.老鹰叼了小鸡就飞走了。

8 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

9 corps   

n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组

参考例句：

• The medical corps were cited for bravery in combat.医疗队由于在战场上的英勇表现而受嘉奖。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

10 pinpoint   

vt.准确地确定；用针标出…的精确位置

参考例句：

• It is difficult to pinpoint when water problems of the modern age began.很难准确地指出，现代用水的问题是什么时候出现的。
• I could pinpoint his precise location on a map.我能在地图上指明他的准确位置。

11 convened   

召开( convene的过去式 )； 召集； （为正式会议而）聚集； 集合

参考例句：

• The chairman convened the committee to put the issue to a vote. 主席召集委员们开会对这个问题进行表决。
• The governor convened his troops to put down the revolt. 总督召集他的部队去镇压叛乱。

12 retaliatory   

adj.报复的

参考例句：

• The process can take years before the WTO approves retaliatory action. 在WTO通过此行动之前，这个程序恐怕要等上一阵子了。 来自互联网
• Retaliatory tariffs on China are tantamount to taxing ourselves as a punishment. 将惩罚性关税强加于中国相当于对我们自己实施课税惩罚。 来自互联网

13 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

14 illustrates   

给…加插图( illustrate的第三人称单数 )； 说明； 表明； （用示例、图画等）说明

参考例句：

• This historical novel illustrates the breaking up of feudal society in microcosm. 这部历史小说是走向崩溃的封建社会的缩影。
• Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had an experience which illustrates this. 阿尔弗莱德 - 阿德勒是一位著名的医生，他有过可以说明这点的经历。 来自中级百科部分