纽约时报 叙利亚酷刑监狱 阿萨德镇压异见人士的血腥手段(2)

Detainees have recently smuggled¹ out warnings that hundreds are being sent to an execution site, Saydnaya Prison,

被拘留者最近偷偷传出警告，数百人即将被送往行刑地点德纳亚监狱，

and newly released prisoners report that killings² there are accelerating.

新近释放的囚犯也报告说，德纳亚监狱正在加快杀戮的步伐。

Kidnappings and killings by the Islamic State captured more attention in the West,

尽管西方更关注的是伊斯兰国在叙利亚实施的绑架和杀戮，

but the Syrian prison system has vacuumed up many more times the number of people detained by ISIS in Syria.

但叙利亚监狱系统消灭的人数堪称ISIS关押人数的数倍。

Government detention³ accounts for around 90 percent of the disappearances⁴ tallied⁵ by the Syrian Network.

“叙利亚网络”统计的失踪人数中，被政府拘留的人数占到了近90%。

The Syrian government has denied the existence of systematic⁶ abuse.

叙利亚政府则否认其存在系统性虐待行为。

However, newly discovered government memos⁷ show that

然而，最新发现的政府备忘录显示，

Syrian officials who report directly to Mr. al-Assad ordered mass detentions⁹ and knew of atrocities¹⁰.

直接向阿萨德汇报的叙利亚官员曾下令实施大规模拘留，而且，对拘留期间的那些暴行他也是知情的。

War crimes investigators¹¹ with the nonprofit Commission for International Justice and Accountability

非营利组织“国际司法与问责委员会”的战争罪行调查员们

have found government memos ordering crackdowns and discussing deaths in detention.

找到了政府下令镇压以及讨论拘留期间死亡情况的备忘录。

The memos were signed by top security officials,

备忘录是由数位高级安全官员，

including members of the Central Crisis Management Committee, which reports directly to Mr. al-Assad.

包括直接向阿萨德汇报的中央危机管理委员会的成员签署的。

A military intelligence memo⁸ acknowledges deaths from torture and filthy¹² conditions.

一份军事情报备忘录承认，的确有人死于酷刑和监狱环境过于肮脏。

Other memos report deaths of detainees,

还有一些备忘录报告了被拘留者的死亡情况，

some later identified among photos of thousands of prisoner corpses¹³ smuggled out by a military police defector.

有一部分死者后来被从一名宪兵叛逃者偷运出的数千具囚犯尸体的照片中辨认了出来。

Two memos authorize¹⁴ “harsh” treatment of specific detainees.

还有两份备忘录是批准“严厉”对待某些被拘留者的。

A memo from the head of military intelligence, Rafiq Shehadeh, suggests that officials feared future prosecution¹⁵:

一份来自军事情报负责人Rafiq Shehadeh的备忘录显示，（安全）官员们担心未来会被起诉：

It orders officers to report all deaths to him and take steps to ensure “judicial immunity” for security officials.

在备忘录中，Shehadeh命令军官们向他报告所有死亡情况，还命令他们采取措施确保安全官员们享有“司法豁免权”。

In an interview in his office in an Ottoman palace in Damascus in 2016,

2016年，阿萨德在大马士革奥斯曼帝国宫殿的办公室接受采访时，

Mr. al-Assad cast doubt on the truthfulness¹⁶ of survivors¹⁷ and the families of the missing.

对幸存者和失踪者家属所言的真实性表示怀疑。

Asked about specific cases, he said, “Are you talking allegations or concrete?”

当被问及具体案件时，他说，“你说的是指控还是确有其事的事情？”

and suggested that relatives had lied when they said they saw security officers haul away loved ones.

他还暗示，那些亲属说他们看到安全人员带走了他们的所爱之人是在撒谎。

Any abuses, he said, were isolated¹⁸ mistakes unavoidable in a war.

他说，任何虐待都是战争中不可避免但彼此并无关联的错误。

“It happened here, all over the world, anywhere,” he has said. “But it’s not a policy.”

“不仅这里，全世界任何地方都发生过这种情况，”他说。“并不是政府的政策。”

Over seven years, The New York Times has interviewed dozens of survivors and relatives of dead and missing detainees,

过去七年里，《纽约时报》采访了数十名幸存者以及死者和失踪囚犯的亲属，

reviewed government documents detailing prison deaths and crackdowns on dissent¹⁹,

查阅了详述了监狱死亡和镇压异见人士情况的政府文件，

and examined hundreds of pages of witness testimony²⁰ in human rights reports and court filings.

还审查了人权报告和法庭文件用过的数百页的证人证词。

The survivors’ accounts reported here align²¹ with accounts from other prisoners held in the same jails,

本文报道的幸存者的叙述与同一监狱中其他囚犯的叙述一致，

and are supported by the government memos and by photos smuggled out of Syrian prisons.

政府备忘录和从叙利亚那些监狱流出来的照片也能作证。

The prison system was integral to Mr. al-Assad’s war effort,

阿萨德在这场战争中取得的成果——

crushing the civil protest movement and driving the opposition²² into an armed conflict it could not win.

镇压公民抗议运动，将反对派推入他们无法获胜的武装冲突跟他的监狱系统是密不可分的。

1 smuggled   

水货

参考例句：

• The customs officer confiscated the smuggled goods. 海关官员没收了走私品。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Those smuggled goods have been detained by the port office. 那些走私货物被港务局扣押了。 来自互联网

2 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

3 detention   

n.滞留，停留；拘留，扣留；(教育)留下

参考例句：

• He was kept in detention by the police.他被警察扣留了。
• He was in detention in connection with the bribery affair.他因与贿赂事件有牵连而被拘留了。

4 disappearances   

n.消失( disappearance的名词复数 )；丢失；失踪；失踪案

参考例句：

• Most disappearances are the result of the terrorist activity. 大多数的失踪案都是恐怖分子造成的。 来自辞典例句
• The espionage, the betrayals, the arrests, the tortures, the executions, the disappearances will never cease. 间谍活动、叛党卖国、逮捕拷打、处决灭迹，这种事情永远不会完。 来自英汉文学

5 tallied   

v.计算，清点( tally的过去式和过去分词 )；加标签（或标记）于；（使）符合；（使）吻合

参考例句：

• The girl tallied them with her eyes for a moment. 新娘用目光把这些化妆品清点了一下。 来自教父部分
• His account of the accident tallied with hers. 他对事故的陈述和她的相吻合。 来自辞典例句

6 systematic   

adj.有系统的，有计划的，有方法的

参考例句：

• The way he works isn't very systematic.他的工作不是很有条理。
• The teacher made a systematic work of teaching.这个教师进行系统的教学工作。

7 memos   

n.备忘录( memo的名词复数 )；（美）内部通知

参考例句：

• Big shots get their dander up and memos start flying. 大人物们怒火中烧，备忘录四下乱飞。 来自辞典例句
• There was a pile of mail, memos and telephone messages on his desk. 他的办公桌上堆满着信件、备忘录和电话通知。 来自辞典例句

8 memo   

n.照会，备忘录；便笺；通知书；规章

参考例句：

• Do you want me to send the memo out?您要我把这份备忘录分发出去吗？
• Can you type a memo for me?您能帮我打一份备忘录吗？

9 detentions   

拘留( detention的名词复数 )； 扣押； 监禁； 放学后留校

参考例句：

• Teachers may assign detention tasks as they wish and some detentions have been actually dangerous. 老师可能随心所欲指派关禁闭的形式，有些禁闭事实上很危险。
• Intimidation, beatings and administrative detentions are often enough to prevent them from trying again. 恐吓，拷打和行政拘留足以阻止请愿者二次进京的脚步。

10 atrocities   

n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪

参考例句：

• They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities. 他们犯有最野蛮、最灭绝人性的残暴罪行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The enemy's atrocities made one boil with anger. 敌人的暴行令人发指。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

11 investigators   

n.调查者，审查者( investigator的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
• The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 filthy   

adj.卑劣的；恶劣的，肮脏的

参考例句：

• The whole river has been fouled up with filthy waste from factories.整条河都被工厂的污秽废物污染了。
• You really should throw out that filthy old sofa and get a new one.你真的应该扔掉那张肮脏的旧沙发，然后再去买张新的。

13 corpses   

n.死尸，尸体( corpse的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The living soldiers put corpses together and burned them. 活着的战士把尸体放在一起烧了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Overhead, grayish-white clouds covered the sky, piling up heavily like decaying corpses. 天上罩满了灰白的薄云，同腐烂的尸体似的沉沉的盖在那里。 来自汉英文学 - 中国现代小说

14 authorize   

v.授权，委任；批准，认可

参考例句：

• He said that he needed to get his supervisor to authorize my refund.他说必须让主管人员批准我的退款。
• Only the President could authorize the use of the atomic bomb.只有总统才能授权使用原子弹。

15 prosecution   

n.起诉，告发，检举，执行，经营

参考例句：

• The Smiths brought a prosecution against the organizers.史密斯家对组织者们提出起诉。
• He attempts to rebut the assertion made by the prosecution witness.他试图反驳原告方证人所作的断言。

16 truthfulness   

n. 符合实际

参考例句：

• Among her many virtues are loyalty, courage, and truthfulness. 她有许多的美德，如忠诚、勇敢和诚实。
• I fired a hundred questions concerning the truthfulness of his statement. 我对他发言的真实性提出一连串质问。

17 survivors   

幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The survivors were adrift in a lifeboat for six days. 幸存者在救生艇上漂流了六天。
• survivors clinging to a raft 紧紧抓住救生筏的幸存者

18 isolated   

adj.与世隔绝的

参考例句：

• His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
• Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。

19 dissent   

n./v.不同意，持异议

参考例句：

• It is too late now to make any dissent.现在提出异议太晚了。
• He felt her shoulders gave a wriggle of dissent.他感到她的肩膀因为不同意而动了一下。

20 testimony   

n.证词；见证，证明

参考例句：

• The testimony given by him is dubious.他所作的证据是可疑的。
• He was called in to bear testimony to what the police officer said.他被传入为警官所说的话作证。

21 align   

vt.使成一线，结盟，调节；vi.成一线，结盟

参考例句：

• Align the ruler and the middle of the paper.使尺子与纸张的中部成一条直线。
• There are signs that the prime minister is aligning himself with the liberals.有迹象表明首相正在与自由党人结盟。

22 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。