全球社会热点新闻 世界三大疾病杀手

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The world's top3 killers²

世界三大疾病杀手

Heart ailments³, infectious diseases and cancer remain the world’s top three killers, the UN health agency said on Monday.

世界卫生组织周一表示,心脏疾病、传染性疾病和癌症仍然是导致人们死亡的三大病症。

Heart attacks and related problems are the top killer¹, especially among women, claiming 29 percent of people who die each year, the World Health Organization said in a report on the global burden of disease. In second place, infectious diseases lead to 16.2 percent of worldwide deaths.

世界卫生组织在一份全球重点死亡报告中说,心脏病发作及其相连问题是造成死亡最高的。每年死亡人数中的29%是心脏病所致,在女性中尤其突出。排第二的是传染病，占全球死亡人数的16.2%。第三是癌症，占全球死亡人数的12.6%。

Cancer, in third, claims 12.6 percent of global deaths, said the 146-page report, which is based on death registration⁴ data from 112 countries and estimates where reporting is incomplete.

这份146页的报告是基于112个国家的死亡统计数据和部分估算数字。

The figures are from 2004，the most recent records available on a wide scale, officials from WHO said. But the rankings are unchanged since 1990 when WHO first did a global check.

世界卫生组织称，这些数字来源于2004年，是距今最近的可供使用的世界范围记录。自世界卫生组织1999年进行全球性调査起，该排名没有变。

Some 58.8 million people died worldwide in 2004, most of them over 60, the report said. Nearly one in five deaths was a child under 5.

2004年全球共有5880万左右的人死亡,他们大多数年龄超过60岁。近1/5是5岁以下的儿童。

The heart disease death rate was virtually unchanged from WHO’s previous study on death causes, based on 2002 figures.

心脏病的死亡率和世卫在2002年统计的数据相比,几乎没有什么变化。

The rate for infectious diseases dropped from 2002, when they accounted for 19.1 percent of the world’s deaths, partly because estimates for AIDS deaths were revised downward last year，said Colin Mathers, a WHO expert and lead author of the report.

世卫专家、报告主笔科林马修说，传染病造成的死亡率与2002年相比下降了。当时传染病占全球死亡人数的19.1%。这其中部分原因可能是去年的预测降低了艾滋病的死亡率。

Women die more often from heart disease than men. The rate for females is 31.5 percent, and for males 26.8 percent, the report said.

心脏病造成女性死亡率大于男性。报告指出，心脏病在女性中的死亡率是31.5%,男性是26.8%。

Mathers said the percentage for women was higher because there were more women Living at older ages than men.

马修说,女性的比例高于男性是因为老年女性活得比老年男性长。

But in general, men are more affected⁵ by heart diseases, he said.

但通常来说,男性更容易患上心脏病。

“Men in many parts of the world have a higher risk,M he said，adding that they axe⁶ more often overweight or obese⁷, get insufficient⁸ physical activity and eat more fat and salt.

“在世界上很多地方，男性患病的风险更高。”他补充解释道,他 们经常超重,没有足够的运动,而且更多地摄取脂肪和盐。

Dr. Nieca Goldberg, an American Heart Association spokeswoman who was not linked to the WHO report, said, “Oftentimes women’s symptoms are more subtle than men’s so they are not recognized and the women don’t seek medical attention as soon as they should."

没有参与该报告的美国心脏协会发言人妮卡古德伯格说：“在大多数情况下，女性的症状比男性隐性多了，造成它不易被察觉,因此大多数女性在她们应该及时就医时没有去接受治疗。”

“For a long time cardiovascular disease was considered a man’s disease，” Goldberg said in an interview. Doctors therefore often failed to evaluate risk factors in women as aggressively as they should, she said.

古德伯格在接受采访时说:"长期以来,心血管疾病被认为是男人的疾病。”因此,医生往往无法评估它们实际上对妇女产生的影响。

Higher rates of women in deaths from heart diseases have been observed since 1984 in the United States, according to Goldberg.

据古德伯格所言，心脏病在女性中有更髙的死亡率,是1984年开始在美国被发现的。

Filling out the top 12 causes of death are respiratory infections including pneumonia⁹ in fourth place, 7.2 percent; respiratory diseases, including asthma¹⁰ and allergies¹¹, 6.9 percent; accidental injuries and drownings, 6.6 percent; health problems of fetuses¹² and newborns, 5.4 percent; digestive diseases, 3.5 percent; suicide, murder and conflict, 2.8 percent; neuropsychiatric disorders¹³, 2.1 percent; diabetes¹⁴, 1.9 percent; and maternal¹⁵ health problems related to pregnancy¹⁶ or birth, 0.9 percent.

在12大人类杀手榜上的有:第四名,呼吸道感染，其中包括肺炎,占7.2%,呼吸道疾病,包括哮喘和过敏症,6.9%,意外伤害和溺水,6? 6%>胎儿和新生儿问题,5? 4%,消化道疾病,3.5%,自杀、谋杀和车祸，2.8%,神经错乱,2.1%,糖尿病,1.9%,怀孕或生产过程中的保健问题,0.9%。

Dr. Ties Boerma, who heads WHO's statistics department, said there is always a time delay in assembling such data from a number of countries.

世卫组织统计处主任泰斯布尔玛说，一些国家的这些数据经常没有在统计期内及时提交。

“Countries have a backlog¹⁷ of two, three years in publicizing their own information，he said.

他说"有些国家在数据积压了2、3年后才公布。”

In nations where no death registration data are available, the figures are taken from research studies, which take a few years to get published, Boerma said.

布尔玛说,在不能提供死亡统计数据的国家,采用的是调查研究的数字。这些数字需要好几年才能公布。

1 killer   

n.杀人者，杀人犯，杀手，屠杀者

参考例句：

• Heart attacks have become Britain's No.1 killer disease.心脏病已成为英国的头号致命疾病。
• The bulk of the evidence points to him as her killer.大量证据证明是他杀死她的。

2 killers   

凶手( killer的名词复数 )； 消灭…者； 致命物； 极难的事

参考例句：

• He remained steadfast in his determination to bring the killers to justice. 他要将杀人凶手绳之以法的决心一直没有动摇。
• They were professional killers who did in John. 杀死约翰的这些人是职业杀手。

3 ailments   

疾病（尤指慢性病），不适( ailment的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His ailments include a mild heart attack and arthritis. 他患有轻度心脏病和关节炎。
• He hospitalizes patients for minor ailments. 他把只有小病的患者也送进医院。

4 registration   

n.登记，注册，挂号

参考例句：

• Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。
• What's your registration number?你挂的是几号？

5 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

6 axe   

n.斧子；v.用斧头砍，削减

参考例句：

• Be careful with that sharp axe.那把斧子很锋利，你要当心。
• The edge of this axe has turned.这把斧子卷了刃了。

7 obese   

adj.过度肥胖的，肥大的

参考例句：

• The old man is really obese,it can't be healthy.那位老人确实过于肥胖了，不能算是健康。
• Being obese and lazy is dangerous to health.又胖又懒危害健康。

8 insufficient   

adj.(for，of)不足的，不够的

参考例句：

• There was insufficient evidence to convict him.没有足够证据给他定罪。
• In their day scientific knowledge was insufficient to settle the matter.在他们的时代，科学知识还不能足以解决这些问题。

9 pneumonia   

n.肺炎

参考例句：

• Cage was struck with pneumonia in her youth.凯奇年轻时得过肺炎。
• Pneumonia carried him off last week.肺炎上星期夺去了他的生命。

10 asthma   

n.气喘病，哮喘病

参考例句：

• I think he's having an asthma attack.我想他现在是哮喘病发作了。
• Its presence in allergic asthma is well known.它在过敏性气喘中的存在是大家很熟悉的。

11 allergies   

n.[医]过敏症；[口]厌恶，反感；（对食物、花粉、虫咬等的）过敏症( allergy的名词复数 )；变态反应，变应性

参考例句：

• Food allergies can result in an enormous variety of different symptoms. 食物过敏会引发很多不同的症状。 来自辞典例句
• Let us, however, examine one of the most common allergies; hayfever. 现在让我们来看看最常见的变态反应的一种--枯草热。 来自辞典例句

12 fetuses   

n.胎，胎儿( fetus的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• DNA was extracted from fetuses at mid-gestation, about 10 days past conception. DNA从受孕大约10天后的中期妊娠胚胎中提取。 来自互联网
• Brucellosis is a disease that causes fetuses to abort in cattle. 普鲁士菌病是一种可以导致牲畜胎儿夭折的疾病。 来自互联网

13 disorders   

n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调

参考例句：

• Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 diabetes   

n.糖尿病

参考例句：

• In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
• Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。

15 maternal   

adj.母亲的，母亲般的，母系的，母方的

参考例句：

• He is my maternal uncle.他是我舅舅。
• The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts.那个绝望的小男孩的模样唤起了她的母性。

16 pregnancy   

n.怀孕，怀孕期

参考例句：

• Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
• Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。

17 backlog   

n.积压未办之事

参考例句：

• It will take a month to clear the backlog of work.要花一个月的时间才能清理完积压的工作。
• Investment is needed to reduce the backlog of repairs.需要投资来減轻积压的维修工作。