时代周刊:人工智能上岗后 会给职场带来哪些变化

When artificial intelligence gets to work

人工智能上岗以后

By Alan Murray

文/阿拉·莫里

DISCUSSIONS OF THE WORKplace impacts of artificial intelligence often focus on potential lost jobs or apocalyptic¹ scenarios².

关于人工智能对职场的影响的讨论，往往集中在其可能引发的失业问题或灾难性场景上。

But the authors of the new book Human + Machine: Reimagining Work in the Age of AI,

然而，新作《人类+机器：人工智能时代的重新构想》的作者，

Accenture’s Paul R. Daugherty and H. James Wilson, see the glass as decidedly more than half full.

埃森哲的保罗·R.多尔蒂和H. 詹姆斯·威尔逊则认为，情况绝对比大家想象的乐观。

The benefits of the new tech and the jobs it will create, they argue, more than offset³ any downsides.

他们声称，人工智能这种新技术的好处和它将创造的就业机会，不止能抵消其负面影响。

But Daugherty and Wilson foresee a significant challenge retraining workers for those new jobs.

但多尔蒂和威尔逊也预见，为人工智能相关的新岗位再培训工人方面将面临重大挑战。

Government, they say, is not focused on that challenge, and business isn’t doing enough to meet it.

他们说，政府不重视这一挑战，企业也没有采取足够的措施来应对这一挑战。

Moreover, an education system built around four-year degrees may not be a good fit for a world requiring continuous retraining in new skills.

此外，对于一个需要不断进行新技能再培训的世界来说，以四年制学位为基础的教育体系可能并不是很合适。

They predict that a majority of new jobs will not be strictly⁴ technical in nature

他们预测，大多数新工作本质上都不会是严格意义上的技术性工作，

but rather will focus on ensuring smart and responsible use of AI—the training, explaining and sustaining of the algorithms.

而主要是确保人工智能的使用明智且负责任，也即对算法进行培训、解释和维护方面的工作。

Such jobs will require basic understanding of the new technology

这类工作需要对新技术有基本的了解，

but also human judgment⁵ and empathy to both guide it and explain it to those it affects.

同时还需要有人类的判断和同理心，既能引导技术，又能像被影响到的人解释这项技术。

And this moment is a particularly teachable one.

当前就是特别值得教授这方面知识的时刻。

In the age of AI, Daugherty and Wilson predict, virtually every big company will find itself where Facebook is this month:

在人工智能时代，多尔蒂和威尔逊预测，几乎每家大公司都会发现自己也陷入了Facebook本月所处的处境：

being held responsible for how it does just that.

被认为应该对当前的问题是怎么出现的负责。

1 apocalyptic   

adj.预示灾祸的，启示的

参考例句：

• The air is chill and stagnant,the language apocalyptic.空气寒冷而污浊，语言则是《启示录》式的。
• Parts of the ocean there look just absolutely apocalyptic.海洋的很多区域看上去完全像是世界末日。

2 scenarios   

n.[意]情节；剧本；事态；脚本

参考例句：

• Further, graphite cores may be safer than non-graphite cores under some accident scenarios. 再者，根据一些事故解说，石墨堆芯可比非石墨堆芯更安全一些。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Again, scenarios should make it clear which modes are acceptable to users in various contexts. 同样，我们可以运用场景剧本来搞清楚在不同情境下哪些模式可被用户接受。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

3 offset   

n.分支，补偿；v.抵消，补偿

参考例句：

• Their wage increases would be offset by higher prices.他们增加的工资会被物价上涨所抵消。
• He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials.他提高了售价以补偿材料成本的增加。

4 strictly   

adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地

参考例句：

• His doctor is dieting him strictly.他的医生严格规定他的饮食。
• The guests were seated strictly in order of precedence.客人严格按照地位高低就座。

5 judgment   

n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见

参考例句：

• The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
• He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。