时代周刊:2018年度时代百大人物 (2)

Barack Obama, who has said that his greatest frustration¹ as President was the failure of commonsense² gun-safety laws,

贝拉克·奥巴马，他曾表示，未能推行“全面的枪支管制法”是他总统任期内最大的挫败，

draws inspiration from the Parkland, Fla., teenagers who organized the March for Our Lives:

从组织了“为我们的生命游行”活动的佛罗里达州帕克兰中学生身上汲取灵感并写道：

“They have the power . . .to reject the old constraints³, outdated⁴ conventions and cowardice⁵ too often dressed up as wisdom.”

“他们身上有着……拒绝陈规旧俗，以及常常伪装成智慧的懦弱的力量。”

STILL, THE ELDER-AS-TEACHER remains⁶ a powerful theme.

尽管如此，向长辈学习这一主题在今年的榜单中依然深入人心。

“Auntie Maxine”—as actor and incoming Harvard student Yara Shahidi calls Congresswoman Maxine Waters—

“玛克辛阿姨”——演员兼哈佛大学新生雅拉·沙希迪对女议员玛克辛·沃特斯的称呼——

“has made my generation proud to be nieces and nephews.”

“让我们这代人感到，做侄子侄女儿是件很自豪的事。”

Comedian⁷ Tifany Haddish, making her first appearance on the TIME 100,

首次在百大人物榜单上露面的喜剧演员蒂芬妮·哈迪什，

describes how Oprah Winfrey, making her ninth appearance, rose up from an unimaginably rough childhood.

为我们讲述了奥普拉·温弗瑞，今年她已经第九次登上该榜，是如何在童年艰难到难以想象的情况下成长起来的经历。

“She made her dreams come true,” Haddish writes. “And because I watched her, I did too.”

“她实现了自己的梦想，”哈迪斯写道。“正因为看过她的事迹，我才实现了我自己的梦想。”

Cher, in her tribute to groundbreaking Olympian Adam Rippon, regrets that when she was young,

雪儿，在向破纪录的奥运选手亚当·里彭致敬时，后悔自己年轻时，

“I had no role models—everyone looked like Sandra Dee and Doris Day.”

“我没有榜样——因为那时候，大家都像桑德拉·迪和多丽丝·戴一样。”

Seeing success in someone who looks like you, thinks like you, grew up like you can change the course of a life.

了解跟你长像差不多，思维方式，成长经历也差不多的人的成功事迹是可以改变一个人的命运的。

While we remain much too far from gender⁸ parity⁹ in global leadership,

虽然我们距离在全球领导地位上实现性别平等还有很远，

there are more women than ever on this year’s TIME 100—

但今年百大人物名单上女性达到了空前的人数——

proof that there are ways of changing the world beyond traditional power structures.

这也证明，在传统的权力结构之外，我们还有其他改变世界的办法。

Among the 45 we recognize: activist¹⁰ Tarana Burke, who founded Me Too;

今年上榜的45名女性中有：#我也是运动的发起人，社会活动家塔拉娜·伯克，

Jennifer Lopez, Issa Rae, Nicole Kidman and Lena Waithe, who took control of their narratives¹¹, both on and off screen;

有詹妮弗·洛佩兹，伊萨·雷，妮可·基德曼和莉娜·维特等无论是在荧幕上还是银幕下都自己掌握着叙事的女性；

Nice Nailantei Leng’ete, who has worked to end female genital mutilation and championed girls’ education in Kenya;

有致力结束女性割礼，声援肯尼亚女孩教育事业的尼斯·耐兰特·冷格特；

Chloe Kim, who’s shredding¹² barriers in snowboarding;

有努力粉碎滑雪界的障碍的克洛伊·金；

and astronaut Peggy Whitson, who recently logged her 665th cumulative¹³ day in space—more than any other American.

还有最近在太空中度过了第665天，比其他任何美国人都多的宇航员佩吉·惠特森。

“In a world that too often tells women to stay small, keep quiet,”

“在这个女性常常被要求要保持弱小，保持安静的世界上，”

as Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg writes in her tribute to Jacinda Ardern—

正如Facebook首席运营官谢丽尔·桑德伯格在向杰辛达·阿德恩——

NewZealand’s new Prime Minister and, at 37, the youngest female head of government on the planet—

现年37岁的杰辛达·阿德恩是新西兰新总理，也是世界上最年轻的女性政府首脑——致敬时所写的那样，

these women are leading out loud, and inspiring others to do the same.

这些女性都在响亮地发挥领导作用，并激励着其他人也加入她们的行列。

1 frustration   

n.挫折，失败，失效，落空

参考例句：

• He had to fight back tears of frustration.他不得不强忍住失意的泪水。
• He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration.他沮丧地用手打了几下方向盘。

2 commonsense   

adj.有常识的；明白事理的；注重实际的

参考例句：

• It is commonsense to carry an umbrella in this weather.这种天气带把伞是很自然的。
• These results are no more than a vindication of commonsense analysis.这些结果只不过是按常理分析得出的事实。

3 constraints   

强制( constraint的名词复数 )； 限制； 约束

参考例句：

• Data and constraints can easily be changed to test theories. 信息库中的数据和限制条件可以轻易地改变以检验假设。 来自英汉非文学 - 科学史
• What are the constraints that each of these imply for any design? 这每种产品的要求和约束对于设计意味着什么？ 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

4 outdated   

adj.旧式的，落伍的，过时的；v.使过时

参考例句：

• That list of addresses is outdated,many have changed.那个通讯录已经没用了，许多地址已经改了。
• Many of us conform to the outdated customs laid down by our forebears.我们许多人都遵循祖先立下的过时习俗。

5 cowardice   

n.胆小，怯懦

参考例句：

• His cowardice reflects on his character.他的胆怯对他的性格带来不良影响。
• His refusal to help simply pinpointed his cowardice.他拒绝帮助正显示他的胆小。

6 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

7 comedian   

n.喜剧演员；滑稽演员

参考例句：

• The comedian tickled the crowd with his jokes.喜剧演员的笑话把人们逗乐了。
• The comedian enjoyed great popularity during the 30's.那位喜剧演员在三十年代非常走红。

8 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

9 parity   

n.平价，等价，比价，对等

参考例句：

• The two currencies have now reached parity.这两种货币现已达到同等价值。
• Women have yet to achieve wage or occupational parity in many fields.女性在很多领域还没能争取到薪金、职位方面的平等。

10 activist   

n.活动分子，积极分子

参考例句：

• He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年来他一直是工会的积极分子。
• He is a social activist in our factory.他是我厂的社会活动积极分子。

11 narratives   

记叙文( narrative的名词复数 )； 故事； 叙述； 叙述部分

参考例句：

• Marriage, which has been the bourne of so many narratives, is still a great beginning. 结婚一向是许多小说的终点，然而也是一个伟大的开始。
• This is one of the narratives that children are fond of. 这是孩子们喜欢的故事之一。

12 shredding   

v.撕碎，切碎( shred的现在分词 )；用撕毁机撕毁（文件）

参考例句：

• Like the Tehran experience, the shredding may be all for naught. 如同德黑兰事件中的情况一样，切碎文件可能是徒劳的。 来自时文部分
• How shredding began is subject to some guesswork. 粉碎处理行业的起源是个有争议的问题。 来自时文部分

13 cumulative   

adj.累积的，渐增的

参考例句：

• This drug has a cumulative effect.这种药有渐增的效力。
• The benefits from eating fish are cumulative.吃鱼的好处要长期才能显现。