时代周刊:美国的分裂(8)

A round of harsh recriminations seems certain for the Democrats¹, who had assumed that their coalition² of minorities, college-educated white people and young voters was destined³ only to grow as a share of the electorate⁴, while the post-Trump⁵ GOP would be doomed⁶ to rely on a dwindling⁷ population of older, white, non-college-educated voters. Instead, Republicans appeared to have increased their share of the Black and Latino vote. Democrats failed to topple any GOP incumbents⁸ in Texas and lost a congressional seat in New Mexico. Their hopes for a surge of college-educated suburban⁹ voters also fell short, suggesting that the GOP's attacks on liberal ideology¹⁰ proved effective in places like Oklahoma City and Cedar¹¹ Rapids, Iowa. "Democrats need to ask themselves why someone like Joe Biden is an endangered species in the party," says Justin Gest, a political scientist at George Mason University and author of The New Minority: White Working Class Politics in an Age of Immigration and Inequality. "Why is the party of experts, urban intellectuals and woke social-movement activists¹² not producing candidates who can mobilize people in Montana, Ohio, North Carolina? It just doesn't look like a national party." Republicans, even if they lose the presidency¹³, are likely to feel emboldened¹⁴ to continue pursuing Trump's themes. "Donald Trump isn't going away," says Buck¹⁵, the former Ryan adviser¹⁶. "He's still going to be the leader of the party and the biggest voice, and he'll at least flirt¹⁷ with the idea of running again. It's going to continue to be a populist, grievance-fueled party."

一轮对民主党的严厉指责是少不了的。民主党人认为他们的少数民族联盟、受过大学教育的白人以及年轻选民只会增加选民的份额。而后特朗普时期的共和党则注定依赖日益减少的老年和非大学学历的白人选民。相反，共和党人似乎增加了他们在黑人和拉丁裔选民中的比例。民主党没能在德州扳倒共和党，还失去了新墨西哥州的一个国会席位。他们对受过大学教育的郊区选民激增的希望也落空了，这表明共和党对自由主义意识形态的攻击在俄克拉荷马城和爱荷华州的锡达拉皮兹等地被证明是有效的。乔治·梅森大学的政治学家、《新少数民族：移民和不平等时代的白人工人阶级政治》的作者贾斯汀·吉斯说：“民主党人需要问问自己，为什么像乔·拜登这样的人在党内是濒危物种？为什么这个由专家、城市知识分子和觉醒的社会运动活动家组成的政党，没有推出一个能够动员蒙大拿州、俄亥俄州和北卡罗来纳州人民的候选人？它就不像是一个全国性政党。”共和党人即使失去总统宝座，也可能有胆量继续跟从特朗普的主题。前瑞安顾问巴克表示：“唐纳德·特朗普不会离开，他将仍是共和党的领袖和最强发声人。他至少会有再次参选的念头，共和党将会一直是一个民粹主义的、充满不满的政党。”

Some elections mark a breakthrough—the emergence¹⁸ of a new American majority after years of conflict and gridlock. A landslide¹⁹ like Franklin D. Roosevelt's in 1932 or Ronald Reagan's in 1980 would have signaled a nation ready to move on from its cultural and ideological²⁰ cleavages and seek some way forward together. Instead it looks more bitterly split than ever. "There was a substantial political divide in this country before Donald Trump was elected," Ridge²¹ says. "His presidency has exacerbated²² that divide to an almost unimaginable degree. But that did not begin with Donald Trump, and it will not end with him, either."

某些选举标志着一项突破——经过多年的冲突和僵局，美国出现了一个新的多数党。1932年富兰克林·D·罗斯福和1980年罗纳德·里根取得的压倒性胜利标志着这个国家准备摆脱其文化和意识形态的分裂，寻求共同前进的道路。然而相反，现在的美国似乎比以往任何时候都更加分裂。里奇说：“在唐纳德·特朗普当选之前，这个国家存在着巨大的政治分歧，而他的总统任期把这种分歧加剧到了几乎无法想象的程度。这种分歧并不始于唐纳德·特朗普，也不会跟随他结束。”

1 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

3 destined   

adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的

参考例句：

• It was destined that they would marry.他们结婚是缘分。
• The shipment is destined for America.这批货物将运往美国。

4 electorate   

n.全体选民；选区

参考例句：

• The government was responsible to the electorate.政府对全体选民负责。
• He has the backing of almost a quarter of the electorate.他得到了几乎1/4选民的支持。

5 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

6 doomed   

命定的

参考例句：

• The court doomed the accused to a long term of imprisonment. 法庭判处被告长期监禁。
• A country ruled by an iron hand is doomed to suffer. 被铁腕人物统治的国家定会遭受不幸的。

7 dwindling   

adj.逐渐减少的v.逐渐变少或变小( dwindle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The number of wild animals on the earth is dwindling. 地球上野生动物的数量正日渐减少。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He is struggling to come to terms with his dwindling authority. 他正努力适应自己权力被削弱这一局面。 来自辞典例句

8 incumbents   

教区牧师( incumbent的名词复数 )； 教会中的任职者

参考例句：

• In general, incumbents have a 94 percent chance of being reelected. 通常现任官员有94%的几率会再次当选。
• This arangement yields a wonderful gain to incumbents. 这种安排为在职人员提供了意外的得益。

9 suburban   

adj.城郊的，在郊区的

参考例句：

• Suburban shopping centers were springing up all over America. 效区的商业中心在美国如雨后春笋般地兴起。
• There's a lot of good things about suburban living.郊区生活是有许多优点。

10 ideology   

n.意识形态，(政治或社会的)思想意识

参考例句：

• The ideology has great influence in the world.这种思想体系在世界上有很大的影响。
• The ideal is to strike a medium between ideology and inspiration.我的理想是在意识思想和灵感鼓动之间找到一个折衷。

11 cedar   

n.雪松，香柏(木)

参考例句：

• The cedar was about five feet high and very shapely.那棵雪松约有五尺高,风姿优美。
• She struck the snow from the branches of an old cedar with gray lichen.她把长有灰色地衣的老雪松树枝上的雪打了下来。

12 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

14 emboldened   

v.鼓励，使有胆量( embolden的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Emboldened by the wine, he went over to introduce himself to her. 他借酒壮胆，走上前去向她作自我介绍。
• His success emboldened him to expand his business. 他有了成就因而激发他进一步扩展业务。 来自《简明英汉词典》

15 buck   

n.雄鹿，雄兔；v.马离地跳跃

参考例句：

• The boy bent curiously to the skeleton of the buck.这个男孩好奇地弯下身去看鹿的骸骨。
• The female deer attracts the buck with high-pitched sounds.雌鹿以尖声吸引雄鹿。

16 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

17 flirt   

v.调情，挑逗，调戏；n.调情者，卖俏者

参考例句：

• He used to flirt with every girl he met.过去他总是看到一个姑娘便跟她调情。
• He watched the stranger flirt with his girlfriend and got fighting mad.看着那个陌生人和他女朋友调情，他都要抓狂了。

18 emergence   

n.浮现，显现，出现，（植物）突出体

参考例句：

• The last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy.最近10年见证了经济增长的姿态。
• Language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society.语言是随着社会的产生而产生，随着社会的发展而发展的。

19 landslide   

n.(竞选中)压倒多数的选票；一面倒的胜利

参考例句：

• Our candidate is predicated to win by a landslide.我们的候选人被预言将以绝对优势取胜。
• An electoral landslide put the Labour Party into power in 1945.1945年工党以压倒多数的胜利当选执政。

20 ideological   

a.意识形态的

参考例句：

• He always tries to link his study with his ideological problems. 他总是把学习和自己的思想问题联系起来。
• He helped me enormously with advice on how to do ideological work. 他告诉我怎样做思想工作，对我有很大帮助。

21 ridge   

n.山脊；鼻梁；分水岭

参考例句：

• We clambered up the hillside to the ridge above.我们沿着山坡费力地爬上了山脊。
• The infantry were advancing to attack the ridge.步兵部队正在向前挺进攻打山脊。

22 exacerbated   

v.使恶化，使加重( exacerbate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The symptoms may be exacerbated by certain drugs. 这些症状可能会因为某些药物而加重。
• The drugs they gave her only exacerbated the pain. 他们给她吃的药只是加重了她的痛楚。 来自《简明英汉词典》