世界节假日博览 第19期:世界癌症日

 　　World Cancer Day falls on February the 4th each year. It aims to draw attention to the effect cancer has on the lives of millions around the world. Around 7 million people die each year from the different types of cancer. Eleven million new cases are reported annually¹. World Cancer Day started in 2005 as part of the World Cancer Campaign. It followed the World Summit Against Cancer in the New Millennium², which took placein 2000. Many international organizations hold awareness³ campaigns and fundraising events on this day. In particular, the World Health Organization and the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) are very active. In 2008, the UICC promoted the “I love my smoke-free childhood year” against passive smoking.

　　世界癌症日被定于每年的2月4日。该节日的目的是让人们引起重视，癌症影响着全球上百万人的生命。每年，死于各种癌症的人口数量大约为700万。每年都会出现1100万的新病例。它作为世界癌症活动的一部分，开始于2005年。它紧随在千禧年2000年所举办的世界抗癌峰会以后。在这一天里，许多国际组织都会举办宣传以及筹集资金活动。世界卫生组织和国际抗癌联盟尤为活跃。2008年，国际抗癌联盟开启了“无烟童年”以此来反对二手烟。

　　World Cancer Day.jpg

　　Cancer is the growth and spread of damaged cells in the body that destroy or kill healthy cells. It can affect almost any part of the body. Common types of cancer include lung cancer, breast cancer and stomach cancer. People can reduce the risk of getting cancer by avoiding common risk factors such as tobacco and drinking alcohol. Smoking is one of the biggest causes of lung cancer. Not all cancers will kill you. Many can be cured by surgery or by treatments such as chemotherapy. Cancer is the world’s biggest killer⁴. It kills more people than AIDS, tuberculosis⁵ and malaria⁶ put together. Many deaths can be avoided. With adequatefunding, health authorities could prevent 40% of all cancers and cure 30% of those caught early.

　　癌症就是身体中的受损细胞的扩散和增长，它能够破坏并杀害健康细胞。癌症几乎能够影响身体的各个部位。癌症的普遍类型包括肺癌、乳腺癌以及胃癌。人们可以通过如抽烟喝酒所带来的危险因素来降低患病风险。抽烟是癌症的最大诱因之一。并不是所有的癌症都致命。许多癌症都可以通过手术或是化疗来治愈。癌症是全球最大杀手。癌症的致死人数超过了艾滋病、肺结核和疟疾的总和。许多死亡是可以避免的。如果资金充足，卫生部的有关部门将可以避免40%的癌症，并治愈30%的早期癌症。

　　1.damaged cell 受损细胞

　　例句：Chitosan had repaired the damaged cell membranes⁷.

　　壳聚糖已修复受损的细胞膜。

　　2.awareness campaign 宣传运动

　　例句：An awareness campaign about the dangers of driving while distracted is a good start.

　　一个有关驾驶而分心的危险的宣传运动是一个好的开始。

　　3.take place 举行

　　例句：When does the wedding take place?

　　什么时候举行婚礼?

　　4.such as 比如

　　例句：Heroes such as Huang Jiguang will always live in the hearts of the people.

　　像黄继光这样的英雄人物， 将永远活在人民的心里。

1 annually   

adv.一年一次，每年

参考例句：

• Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
• They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。

2 millennium   

n.一千年，千禧年；太平盛世

参考例句：

• The whole world was counting down to the new millennium.全世界都在倒计时迎接新千年的到来。
• We waited as the clock ticked away the last few seconds of the old millennium.我们静候着时钟滴答走过千年的最后几秒钟。

3 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

4 killer   

n.杀人者，杀人犯，杀手，屠杀者

参考例句：

• Heart attacks have become Britain's No.1 killer disease.心脏病已成为英国的头号致命疾病。
• The bulk of the evidence points to him as her killer.大量证据证明是他杀死她的。

5 tuberculosis   

n.结核病，肺结核

参考例句：

• People used to go to special health spring to recover from tuberculosis.人们常去温泉疗养胜地治疗肺结核。
• Tuberculosis is a curable disease.肺结核是一种可治愈的病。

6 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。

7 membranes   

n.（动物或植物体内的）薄膜( membrane的名词复数 )；隔膜；（可起防水、防风等作用的）膜状物

参考例句：

• The waste material is placed in cells with permeable membranes. 废液置于有渗透膜的槽中。 来自辞典例句
• The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a system of intracellular membranes. 肌浆网属于细胞内膜系统。 来自辞典例句