万物简史 第258期:大地在移动(12)

 　　but in the 1950s Patrick Blackett of the University of London and S. K. Runcorn of the University of Newcastle studied the ancient magnetic patterns frozen in British rocks and were startled, to say the very least, to find them indicating that at some time in the distant past Britain had spun¹ on its axis² and traveled some distance to the north, as if it had somehow come loose from its moorings. Moreover, they also discovered that if you placed a map of Europe's magnetic patterns alongside an American one from the same period, they fit together as neatly³ as two halves of a torn letter. It was uncanny. Their findings were ignored too.

　　但是，在20世纪50年代，伦敦大学的帕特里克·布莱克特和纽卡斯尔大学的S.K.朗科恩研究了凝固在英国岩石里的古代磁场模式，说轻一点也是感到非常吃惊地发现，那些岩石表明，在遥远过去的某个时候，英国曾发生自转，向北移动了一段距离，仿佛是不知怎的脱了缆绳。而且，他们还发现，要是你把一幅欧洲的磁场模式图放在同一时期的美国磁场模式图旁边，二者完全合拍，就像是一封被撕成两半的信。这有点儿怪。他们的发现也没有引起注意。

　　地球表面图

　　It finally fell to two men from Cambridge University, a geophysicist named Drummond Matthews and a graduate student of his named Fred Vine, to draw all the strands⁴ together. In 1963, using magnetic studies of the Atlantic Ocean floor, they demonstrated conclusively⁵ that the seafloors were spreading in precisely⁶ the manner Hess had suggested and that the continents were in motion too. An unlucky Canadian geologist⁷ named Lawrence Morley came up with the same conclusion at the same time, but couldn't find anyone to publish his paper. In what has become a famous snub, the editor of the Journal of Geophysical Research told him: "Such speculations⁸ make interesting talk at cocktail⁹ parties, but it is not the sort of thing that ought to be published under serious scientific aegis¹⁰."

　　最后，是剑桥大学的两个人把这些线头拢到一起。一位是地质学家德拉蒙德·马修斯，另一位是他的一名研究生，名叫弗雷德·瓦因。1963年，他们利用对大西洋海床的磁场的研究成果，很有说服力地表明，海床正以赫斯所推测的方式不断扩展，而且大陆也在移动。加拿大地质学家劳伦斯·莫雷很倒霉，他在同一时间得出了同一结论，但找不到人发表他的论文。《地球物理研究杂志》的编辑对他说：“这些推测拿到鸡尾酒会上去当做聊天资料倒还挺有意思，但不该拿到一份严肃的科学杂志来发表。”这件事成了一个冷落他人的著名例子。

1 spun   

v.纺，杜撰，急转身

参考例句：

• His grandmother spun him a yarn at the fire.他奶奶在火炉边给他讲故事。
• Her skilful fingers spun the wool out to a fine thread.她那灵巧的手指把羊毛纺成了细毛线。

2 axis   

n.轴，轴线，中心线；坐标轴，基准线

参考例句：

• The earth's axis is the line between the North and South Poles.地轴是南北极之间的线。
• The axis of a circle is its diameter.圆的轴线是其直径。

3 neatly   

adv.整洁地，干净地，灵巧地，熟练地

参考例句：

• Sailors know how to wind up a long rope neatly.水手们知道怎样把一条大绳利落地缠好。
• The child's dress is neatly gathered at the neck.那孩子的衣服在领口处打着整齐的皱褶。

4 strands   

n.（线、绳、金属线、毛发等的）股( strand的名词复数 )；缕；海洋、湖或河的)岸；（观点、计划、故事等的）部份v.使滞留，使搁浅( strand的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Twist a length of rope from strands of hemp. 用几股麻搓成了一段绳子。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• She laced strands into a braid. 她把几股线编织成一根穗带。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 conclusively   

adv.令人信服地，确凿地

参考例句：

• All this proves conclusively that she couldn't have known the truth. 这一切无可置疑地证明她不可能知道真相。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• From the facts,he was able to determine conclusively that the death was not a suicide. 根据这些事实他断定这起死亡事件并非自杀。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 precisely   

adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地

参考例句：

• It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
• The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。

7 geologist   

n.地质学家

参考例句：

• The geologist found many uncovered fossils in the valley.在那山谷里，地质学家发现了许多裸露的化石。
• He was a geologist,rated by his cronies as the best in the business.他是一位地质学家，被他的老朋友们看做是这门行当中最好的一位。

8 speculations   

n.投机买卖( speculation的名词复数 )；思考；投机活动；推断

参考例句：

• Your speculations were all quite close to the truth. 你的揣测都很接近于事实。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• This possibility gives rise to interesting speculations. 这种可能性引起了有趣的推测。 来自《用法词典》

9 cocktail   

n.鸡尾酒；餐前开胃小吃；混合物

参考例句：

• We invited some foreign friends for a cocktail party.我们邀请了一些外国朋友参加鸡尾酒会。
• At a cocktail party in Hollywood,I was introduced to Charlie Chaplin.在好莱坞的一次鸡尾酒会上，人家把我介绍给查理·卓别林。

10 aegis   

n.盾；保护，庇护

参考例句：

• Medical supplies are flied in under the aegis of the red cross.在红十字会的保护下，正在空运进医药用品。
• The space programme will continue under the aegis of the armed forces.这项太空计划将以武装部队作后盾继续进行。