有声读物《孙子兵法》第56期:第九章 行军(7)

 　　行军篇 NO.7：

　　兵非贵益多也，惟无武进，足以并力、料敌、取人而已。

　　夫惟无虑而易敌者，必擒于人。

　　卒未亲而罚之，则不服，不服则难用。

　　卒已亲附而罚不行，则不可用。

　　故合之以文，齐之以武，是谓必取。

　　令素行以教其民，则民服；令素不行以教其民，则民不服。

　　令素行者，与众相得也。

　　这句啥意思：

　　打仗不在于兵力越多越好，只要不轻敌冒进，并集中兵力、判明敌情，取得部下的信任和支持，也就足够了。

　　那种既无深谋远虑而又轻敌的人，必定会被敌人俘虏。

　　士卒还没有亲近依附就执行惩罚，那么他们会不服，不服就很难使用。

　　士卒已经亲近依附，如果不执行军纪军法，也不能用来作战。

　　所以，要用怀柔宽仁使他们思想统一，用军纪军法使他们行动一致，这样就必能取得部下的敬畏和拥戴。

　　平素严格贯彻命令，管教士卒，士卒就能养成服从的习惯；平素从来不严格贯彻命令，管教士卒，士卒就会养成不服从的习惯。

　　平时命令能贯彻执行的，表明将帅同士卒之间相处融洽。

　　英文这么说：

　　If our troops are no more in number than the enemy,that is amply sufficient; it only means that no direct attack can be made. What we can do is simply to concentrate all our available strength, keep a close watch on the enemy,and obtain reinforcements.

　　He who exercises no forethought but makes light of his opponents is sure to be captured by them.

　　If soldiers are punished before they have grown attached to you, they will not prove submissive; and,unless submissive, then will be practically useless.

　　If, when the soldiers have become attached to you,punishments are not enforced, they will still be unless.

　　Therefore soldiers must be treated in the first instance with humanity, but kept under control by means of iron discipline. This is a certain road to victory.

　　If in training soldiers commands are habitually¹ enforced, the army will be well-disciplined; if not,its discipline will be bad.

　　If a general shows confidence in his men but always insists on his orders being obeyed, the gain will be mutual².

　　作品赏析

　　孙子在《行军第九》篇中还提出了“令之以文，齐之以武”的文武兼用的治军原则，即要用文明教化、平等来教育士兵，用法纪来统一步调，这样的军队打起仗来一定能取得胜利。提出平等？因为特权思想古今中外都有，工商农林牧军各行各业都有，不废除特权思想，那是什么事都做不好的。军队中一旦特权思维泛滥，那么这个军队注定就是混乱的军队，注定失败的军队。

1 habitually   

ad.习惯地，通常地

参考例句：

• The pain of the disease caused him habitually to furrow his brow. 病痛使他习惯性地紧皱眉头。
• Habitually obedient to John, I came up to his chair. 我已经习惯于服从约翰，我来到他的椅子跟前。

2 mutual   

adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的

参考例句：

• We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
• Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。