听力文摘：网络多样性

Cyber-diversity

网络多样性

I'm so tired of hackers².

我讨厌黑客。

That's what happens when you have bunch of computers runing the same software. Because they share the same flaws, if you can hack¹ into one, you can hack into them all.

如果所有的电脑都在运行同一个软件很容易被黑客攻击。因为它们有着相同的漏洞，如果你能入侵一台电脑，那么所有的电脑都可以入侵。

That appens in nature too. A virus exploits the same vulnerability in a genetically³ similar group and wipes everyone out.

实质也是如此。病毒就是利用一个组群相同的漏洞将其一一摧毁。

Luckily, because of random⁵ mutations in our genes⁶, most species exhibit enough genetic⁴ variation, or biodiversity, that a disease that kills one member won't necessarily kill the next. That's why computer scientists are trying to create a computerized version of biodiversity, which they're calling cyber-diversity.

幸运的是，因为我们的基因是随机突变的，大多数物种都呈现出足够的基因变化或生物多样性，所以让一个成员死亡的疾病并不一定能使其他成员死亡。这就是为什么计算机科学家试图创造一个用计算机版的生物多样性，叫做网络多样性。

Computer Scientists are currently researching various ways to automatically and randomlymodify software in slightly different ways without changing the overall functionality. To users like us, the computers would seem the same, but hackers would have to treat computers on a case-by-case basis.

科学家们目前正在研究各种方法，自动和随意地稍微更改一下软件而不会改变整体的功能。对于像我们一样的用户来说，电脑看起来都一样，但是黑客会把它们作为逐项给予的根据。

Even in nature, viruses mutate. That's why the flu keeps coming back year after year. Just like hackers. Still, the National Science Foundation is investing $750,000 in cyber-diversity. Think of it as evolution in fast forward.

事实上，病毒会变异。这就是为什么流感每年都发生。就像黑客一样。尽管如此，国家科学基金还是投资了75万美元在网络多样性的研究上。认为它发展的速度很快。

1 hack   

n.劈，砍，出租马车；v.劈，砍，干咳

参考例句：

• He made a hack at the log.他朝圆木上砍了一下。
• Early settlers had to hack out a clearing in the forest where they could grow crops.早期移民不得不在森林里劈出空地种庄稼。

2 hackers   

n.计算机迷( hacker的名词复数 )；私自存取或篡改电脑资料者，电脑“黑客”

参考例句：

• They think of viruses that infect an organization from the outside.They envision hackers breaking into their information vaults. 他们考虑来自外部的感染公司的病毒，他们设想黑客侵入到信息宝库中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Arranging a meeting with the hackers took weeks againoff-again email exchanges. 通过几星期电子邮件往来安排见面，他们最终同意了。 来自互联网

3 genetically   

adv.遗传上

参考例句：

• All the bees in the colony are genetically related. 同一群体的蜜蜂都有亲缘关系。
• Genetically modified foods have already arrived on American dinner tables. 经基因改造加工过的食物已端上了美国人的餐桌。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 基因与食物

4 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

5 random   

adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动

参考例句：

• The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。
• On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。

6 genes   

n.基因( gene的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪