侏罗纪搏击俱乐部 第164期:渡河时发生大屠杀

 　　When the Pachyrhinosaurus bodies came to the bend in the river the momentum¹ of the water push their carcasses to the outer edge of the bend.

　　当肿鼻角龙的尸体来到河流的转弯处，水流的动力将它们的尸体冲向河流转弯处外缘。

　　There the bodies became intertwined with each other and started a mass pile up.

　　这些尸体在那里相互纠缠并且开始堆积起来。

　　Once the flood waters receded², the exposed bodies began to rot.

　　一旦洪水退去，暴露出来的尸体就开始腐烂。

　　At the end of the Arctic age, floods are becoming more common.

　　在北极纪元的末期，洪水变得愈发普遍。

　　The smell of the drowned carcasses will draw predators³ from miles around.

　　淹死的尸体发出的气味引来了几英里外的掠食者。

　　Some predators can smell prey⁴ up to 5 miles away.

　　有些掠食者能够在5英里外就闻到猎物。

　　There are countless⁵ examples of modern animals that, when trying to cross a river, things can turn into sheer carnage.

　　在现代动物里这样的例子数不胜数，当它们要渡河时，事情变成了大屠杀。

　　It happens with Wildebeests, it happens with Caribou⁶, it happens time and time again.

　　这在角马身上发生过，驯鹿也会有这种情况，这样的事件反复出现。

　　And each time it occurs, predators either cause it, or show up very quickly to take advantage of it.

　　每次出现时，掠食者要么是造成悲剧的，要么会迅速出现从中获利。

　　The evidence at Pipestone Creek⁷ proves that these animals were killed in mass and then covered in mud in a bend in a river.And Albertosaurus were there to feast on the remains⁸.

　　派泊斯通溪的证据证明了这些动物被大批杀死，然后在河流转弯处被泥埋没。阿尔伯特龙曾对其尸体大快朵颐。

　　Albertosaurus and Pachryrhinosaurus eventually succumbed⁹ to extinction¹⁰.

　　阿尔伯特龙和肿鼻角龙最终都走向了灭绝。

　　The climate changes of the later Cretaceous period were the beginning of the end.

　　晚白垩纪时期的气候变化是终结的开始。

　　The reason why, it's probably environmental changes.

　　究其原因很可能是环境的变化。

　　It's a very tough mystery that we don't have the answer to.

　　这是个很棘手的谜团，我们还没有答案。

　　We know at the end of the Cretaceous period when these two dinosaurs¹¹ go extinct, something big occurs in the environment.

　　我们知道在白垩纪的末期这两种恐龙灭绝之时，环境出现了巨大变化。

　　Even as far north as Canada, environmental changes are having a pretty dramatic impact.

　　即使远在北方的加拿大，环境变化也带来了巨大的冲击。

　　I think these dinosaurs went extinct because they simply could not deal with the global environmental changes that were occurring at the end of the Cretaceous period.

　　我想这些恐龙的灭绝是因为它们无法适应在白垩纪末期出现的全球性的环境变化。

　　Temperatures would continue to rise causing dinosaurs to expend¹² too much energy to maintain their tremendous bulk.

　　气温会持续上升，导致恐龙要花过多热量来维其持庞大的身躯。

　　The real big question that we want to know about Pachyrhinosaurus is what's going on with that nose.

　　我们真正想了解的是肿鼻角龙的鼻子到底是怎么回事。

　　Is there really a giant horn there or was it just a lumpy mass?And if it's a lumpy mass, how was that mass structured?Were there ridges¹³ on it, lumps, crests¹⁴?

　　那里真的有巨大的犄角还是只是一个鼓包？如果是一个鼓包，那它的结构又是什么样的？里面有脊、块、或者冠吗？

　　All we need is one really good specimen¹⁵ and we'll know what the face of Pachyrhinosaurus really looked like.

　　我们需要的只是一个完好的标本，这样我们就能知道肿鼻角龙的真面目如何。

　　Pachyrhinosaurus outnumbered predators by about four to one.

　　肿鼻角龙的数量跟掠食者相比大概是四比一。

　　So few Albertosaurus have been found, fewer than 40 individual Albertosaurus have ever been found while hundreds of Pachyrhinosaurus have been uncovered.

　　找到的阿尔伯特龙非常少，至今出土的阿尔伯特龙个体一共不到四十头，而找到的肿鼻角龙已有数百头。

1 momentum   

n.动力，冲力，势头；动量

参考例句：

• We exploit the energy and momentum conservation laws in this way.我们就是这样利用能量和动量守恒定律的。
• The law of momentum conservation could supplant Newton's third law.动量守恒定律可以取代牛顿第三定律。

2 receded   

v.逐渐远离( recede的过去式和过去分词 )；向后倾斜；自原处后退或避开别人的注视；尤指问题

参考例句：

• The floodwaters have now receded. 洪水现已消退。
• The sound of the truck receded into the distance. 卡车的声音渐渐在远处消失了。

3 predators   

n.食肉动物( predator的名词复数 )；奴役他人者（尤指在财务或性关系方面）

参考例句：

• birds and their earthbound predators 鸟和地面上捕食它们的动物
• The eyes of predators are highly sensitive to the slightest movement. 捕食性动物的眼睛能感觉到最细小的动静。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 prey   

n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨

参考例句：

• Stronger animals prey on weaker ones.弱肉强食。
• The lion was hunting for its prey.狮子在寻找猎物。

5 countless   

adj.无数的，多得不计其数的

参考例句：

• In the war countless innocent people lost their lives.在这场战争中无数无辜的人丧失了性命。
• I've told you countless times.我已经告诉你无数遍了。

6 caribou   

n.北美驯鹿

参考例句：

• Afar off he heard the squawking of caribou calves.他听到远处有一群小驯鹿尖叫的声音。
• The Eskimos played soccer on ice and used balls filled with caribou hair and grass.爱斯基摩人在冰上踢球，他们用的是驯鹿的毛发和草填充成的球。

7 creek   

n.小溪，小河，小湾

参考例句：

• He sprang through the creek.他跳过小河。
• People sunbathe in the nude on the rocks above the creek.人们在露出小溪的岩石上裸体晒日光浴。

8 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

9 succumbed   

不再抵抗（诱惑、疾病、攻击等）( succumb的过去式和过去分词 )； 屈从； 被压垮； 死

参考例句：

• The town succumbed after a short siege. 该城被围困不久即告失守。
• After an artillery bombardment lasting several days the town finally succumbed. 在持续炮轰数日后，该城终于屈服了。

10 extinction   

n.熄灭，消亡，消灭，灭绝，绝种

参考例句：

• The plant is now in danger of extinction.这种植物现在有绝种的危险。
• The island's way of life is doomed to extinction.这个岛上的生活方式注定要消失。

11 dinosaurs   

n.恐龙( dinosaur的名词复数 )；守旧落伍的人，过时落后的东西

参考例句：

• The brontosaurus was one of the largest of all dinosaurs. 雷龙是所有恐龙中最大的一种。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years. 恐龙绝种已有几百万年了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 expend   

vt.花费，消费，消耗

参考例句：

• Don't expend all your time on such a useless job.不要把时间消耗在这种无用的工作上。
• They expend all their strength in trying to climb out.他们费尽全力想爬出来。

13 ridges   

n.脊( ridge的名词复数 )；山脊；脊状突起；大气层的)高压脊

参考例句：

• The path winds along mountain ridges. 峰回路转。
• Perhaps that was the deepest truth in Ridges's nature. 在里奇斯的思想上，这大概可以算是天经地义第一条了。

14 crests   

v.到达山顶（或浪峰）( crest的第三人称单数 )；到达洪峰，达到顶点

参考例句：

• The surfers were riding in towards the beach on the crests of the waves. 冲浪者们顺着浪头冲向岸边。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The correspondent aroused, heard the crash of the toppled crests. 记者醒了，他听见了浪头倒塌下来的轰隆轰隆声。 来自辞典例句

15 specimen   

n.样本，标本

参考例句：

• You'll need tweezers to hold up the specimen.你要用镊子来夹这标本。
• This specimen is richly variegated in colour.这件标本上有很多颜色。