英语常见错误B系列之二

 　　begin

　　[误] The meeting¹ will begin from Monday.

　　[正] The meeting will begin on Monday.

　　[误] The film has begun for ten minutes.

　　[正] The film has been on for ten minutes.

　　[析] begin是瞬间动词，所以它的完成时态不能接表示一段时间的状语，如：The film has begun. 这句话是对的，即"电影已经开始"。但要讲已经开始10分钟了则要用has been on即"上演了10分钟"。

　　begin、start

　　begin与start两词后面加不定式或动名词都可以，且意思并无区别，但在表达习惯时接动名词的用法较多，如：How old wern you when you first started learning² English?但这两个词的进行时态中则多用不定式，如：I was³ beginning⁴ to get hungry. 但如果句子的主语是物而不是人，则多用不定式，如：The ice began to melt⁵. It started to get dark⁶ before we got⁷ to school. 当动词是表达某种心理状态时，要用不定式，如：The student began to understand his mistakes⁸.

　　[误] They study hard in the class from the beginning to the end.

　　[正] They study hard in the class from beginning to end.

　　[析] from beginning to end是习惯用法，即自始至终，不要加冠词，但如单独使用则要加冠词，例如：At the beginning,the teacher gave⁹ us an exam¹⁰.

　　behind

　　[误] He missed the class because he was behind the time.

　　[正] He missed the class because he was behind time.

　　[析] behind time一短语意为"晚了"，而behind the times意为"落后于时代"。behind是介词同时又是副词，如Come out from behind the door(介词). He's a long way behind(副词). He fell¹¹ behind with his classmates(副词).

　　below¹²

　　[误] What's that below the chair.

　　[正] What's that under the chair.

　　[析] under意为"正下方"，而below意为"比……低"，或指"在下游"。如：There is a fall below the river. (河的下游有一个瀑布。)其反义词为over，如：There is a big plane flying over the city. 但在"下面的例子"一表达语中则要用the example below, 而不要用under.

　　beside

　　[误] The students stood¹³ besides¹⁴ the teacher.

　　[正] The students stood beside the teacher.

　　[误] I study English beside Chinese.

　　[正] I study English besides Chinese.

　　[析] beside意为"在……旁边"，而besides是"除……以外(还如何)"。

　　beside、by、near

　　beside意为"在……旁"，如：There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指"倚、靠"、"沿着"之意，如：She is standing¹⁵ by the window. near多用来表示两地间距离不远，如：There is a post office near our school.

　　better

　　[误] You had¹⁶ better to do it at home.

　　[正] You had better do it at home.

　　[误] You hadn't better wake¹⁷ me up at six.

　　[正] You had better not wake me up at six.

　　[析] had better在肯定句中为"应该作某事"，其后加不带to的不定式，而在否定句中应用had better+not+动词原形。在简答语中had常省略为'd，如：You'd better not. 又如：

　　Let's go first. No, we'd better not.

　　between

　　[误] Among¹⁸ the two trees there is a space of the feet.

　　[正] Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.

　　[析] 两者之间多用between，三者或三者以上之间则用among.

　　[误] You must choose between this club¹⁹ or that club.

　　[正] You must choose between this club and that club.

　　[析] 在两个之间作出选择要用between…and…，而不能用between…or….

1 meeting   

n.会议；集会

参考例句：

• Will you be at the meeting?你会来开会吗？
• We would like to hold the meeting at an early date.我们希望早日举行这次会议。

2 learning   

n.学问，学识，学习；动词learn的现在分词

参考例句：

• When you are learning to ride a bicycle,you often fall off.初学骑自行车时，常会从车上掉下来。
• Learning languages isn't just a matter of remembering words.学习语言不仅仅是记些单词的事。

3 was   

v.(is,am的过去式)是，在

参考例句：

• He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
• He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。

4 beginning   

n.开始的部分；起点

参考例句：

• This is only the beginning.这仅仅是开始。
• Children should form good habits from the very beginning.孩子们从一开始就应养成良好的习惯。

5 melt   

v.（使）融化，（使）熔化，使软化，使感动

参考例句：

• If you warm ice,it will melt into water.如果你给冰加热它会融化成水。
• It is easy to melt ice.融化冰很容易。

6 dark   

adj.黑色的；暗的；黑暗的

参考例句：

• The night is too dark for us to see.夜间太暗，我们看不见。
• The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.月亮出来时，天空是深蓝色的，非常晴朗。

7 got   

v.(get的过去式)得到，猜到，明白

参考例句：

• I just got some bad news.我刚得到一些坏消息。
• I have got far too much work to do.我要做的事太多了。

8 mistakes   

n.错误( mistake的名词复数 )；过失；误解；（用词或数字上的）错误v.弄错，误解( mistake的第三人称单数 )；认不出；误会；看错

参考例句：

• In her haste to complete the work on time, she made a number of mistakes. 她急急忙忙想按时完工，结果出了不少错。
• Be humble enough to learn from your mistakes. 要虚心地从自己的错误中学习。

9 gave   

vbl.（give的过去式）给予，产生，发表

参考例句：

• He asked for money and I gave him some.他要钱，我给了他一些。
• I gave you a map so you wouldn't get lost. 我给你一张地图，这样你就不会迷路了。

10 exam   

n.(=examination)检查；考试

参考例句：

• I hope to pass this exam.我希望通过这次考试。
• His exam results were good.他的测验成绩不错。

11 fell   

vbl.fall的过去式，vt.击倒，打倒（疾病等），致于...死地，砍伐；n.一季所伐的木材，兽皮，羊毛；adj.凶猛的，可怕的

参考例句：

• I fell to the ground.我摔倒在地上。
• The young couple fell in love at first sight.这对年轻人一见钟情。

12 below   

prep./adv.在……的下面；低于……

参考例句：

• I looked down at the hall below.我瞧了瞧下面的大厅。
• The temperature is below zero.温度在零度以下。

13 stood   

vbl.stand的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• She stood up when they came in.当他们进来时，她站了起来。
• The child stood by the side of his mother.孩子站在母亲身边。

14 besides   

adv.此外；并且；prep.于…之外；除…以外

参考例句：

• He had other people to take care of besides me.除了我以外，他还需要照料其他人。
• Besides English, he has to study German and French.除英语外，他还要学德语和法语。

15 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

16 had   

vbl.have的过去式和过去分词；conj.有

参考例句：

• I just had a good idea!我有个好主意！
• The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。

17 wake   

vt.叫醒，激发；vi.醒来，醒着；警觉，振奋；n.醒；守夜；尾迹，痕迹

参考例句：

• Please wake me up at six.请在六点钟叫醒我。
• Be quiet or you'll wake the whole house!安静点！别把全家人都吵醒了！

18 among   

prep.在…中间，在…之中(三者或三者以上)

参考例句：

• You are only one among many who need help. 你不过是许多需要帮助的人之一。
• He was among the last to leave.他是最后离开者之一。

19 club   

n社团；俱乐部，夜总会，社；棍棒，（高尔夫球等的）球棒， （扑克牌）梅花；vt.棍打，把...当棍棒用；协作，联合

参考例句：

• He joined the football club.他加入了足球俱乐部。
• He is managing a club for teenagers.他在经营一家青少年俱乐部。