美国国家公共电台 NPR 强硬派莱西当选伊朗总统

World leaders are sending congratulations to Iran's newly elected president, Ebrahim Raisi.

世界各国领导人纷纷向伊朗新当选总统易卜拉欣·莱希表示祝贺。

As expected, Raisi won a four-candidate race in convincing fashion with the backing of Iran's supreme¹ leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

正如所料，莱希在伊朗最高领导人哈梅内伊的支持下，以令人信服的方式赢得了四名候选人的角逐。

Raisi now has four years to try to turn Iran's depressed² economy around.

现在莱希有四年的时间尝试扭转伊朗低迷的经济。

NPR's Peter Kenyon is in Tehran and joins us now. Hi, Peter.

NPR新闻的彼得·肯扬将和德黑兰和我们连线。你好，彼得。

Hi, Sarah.

你好，莎拉。

So how did Raisi manage such a convincing victory?

莱希是如何取得如此令人信服的胜利的？

Well, he's been known for some time as a prominent hardline cleric and judge. He's known to be close to the supreme leader.

一段时间以来，他作为强硬派牧师和法官而为人所熟知。他和最高领袖关系密切。

None of the other candidates were as familiar to the public, I think it's fair to say.

我认为可以说，其他候选人都没有他为公众所熟悉。

But perhaps the biggest factor in Raisi's success was the candidate selection process.

但也许莱希成功的最大因素是候选人的选拔过程。

That's handled by a largely clerical group known as the Guardian³ Council. They're charged with vetting⁴ potential candidates.

该过程由名为宪法监护委员会的组织负责，该组织主要由神职人员组成。他们负责审查潜在的候选人。

And critics say the council made sure to disqualify the most serious potential rivals to Raisi,

批评人士表示，该委员会尽力确保莱希最重要的潜在竞争对手被取消资格，

including people like Parliament Speaker Ali Larijani or Vice⁵ President Eshaq Jahangiri.

这些对手包括议会议长阿里·拉里贾尼或副总统埃沙格·贾汉吉里。

So Raisi had an advantage going into this very brief campaign.

因此，莱西在这场非常短暂的竞选中占有优势。

There was a lot of talk about low turnout and even a call to boycott⁶ the vote. How did that turn out?

很多人说这场选举的投票率很低，甚至有人呼吁抵制投票。结果如何？

Well, there are strong signs that the boycott message was heard.

有明显的迹象表明抵制的消息被传递了出去。

I can tell you from going around to precincts in Tehran many were seeing far fewer voters than in previous elections.

我可以告诉你，在德黑兰选区，许多人看到的选民比以前的选举要少得多。

It made casting a ballot⁷ much easier for those who did turn out.

这使参加投票变得变得容易。

But for a country that prides itself on big election turnouts, it wasn't really a strong showing.

但对于一个以大选投票率高而自豪的国家来说，这并不是真正的强势表现。

Independent groups put it at well below 50%, although the official estimate of turnout is higher.

尽管官方估计的投票率要高一些，但独立团体认为投票率远低于50%。

And what can you tell us about Raisi? Who is he?

你能介绍一下莱希吗？他是谁？

Well, he's a judge. He's the head of Iran's judiciary, also a hardline cleric.

他是名法官。他是伊朗司法部门的负责人，也是强硬派神职人员。

The main criticism you hear about him regarding his time as a judge was in the late 1980s.

外界对他最多的指责出现在他上世纪80年代末担任法官期间。

There were mass executions ordered by the court that he was on. Thousands of political prisoners were killed.

当时，他所在的法庭曾下令进行大规模处决。数千名政治犯被处决。

Beyond that, he's definitely seen as a protege of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, the supreme leader.

除此之外，他还被视为最高领袖阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊的追随者。

It's also well-known that Raisi has ambitions to succeed Khamenei as Iran's next supreme leader.

众所周知，莱希有野心接替哈梅内伊成为伊朗下一任最高领袖。

And moving forward, what are his political priorities?

接下来，他的政治重点是什么？

Well, at the moment, he doesn't have much room to maneuver⁸ there. The top priority has to be Iran's depressed economy.

目前，他没有多少回旋余地。当务之急肯定是伊朗低迷的经济。

Years of U.S. sanctions have devastated⁹ household incomes.

美国多年来的制裁已经严重影响了伊朗的家庭收入。

Every Iranian I spoke¹⁰ with this week said the No. 1 task of the next president has to be raising the living standards of ordinary Iranians.

本周接受我采访的每名伊朗人都表示，下一任总统的首要任务必须是提高普通伊朗人的生活水平。

Now, how exactly he might accomplish that is another question not exactly clear.

现在，另一个尚不清楚的问题是，他究竟如何才能做到这一点。

There are talks in Vienna aimed at restoring the 2015 nuclear deal, bringing the U.S. back into the agreement and Iran back into compliance¹¹.

在维也纳举行的会谈旨在恢复2015年签署的核协议，使美国重新加入协议，伊朗重新遵守协议。

That could lead to the lifting of sanctions and might give the new government a chance to work on improving the economy.

这可能会使制裁取消，并可能给新政府一个改善经济的机会。

Peter, in the Iranian system, how much power does Raisi actually have to carry out his policies?

彼得，在伊朗的体制里，莱希有多少权力来执行他的政策？

Well, good point. The Iranian president is not the decider when it comes to policymaking. That's the supreme leader.

这个问题问得好。在政策制定方面，伊朗总统不是决定者。最高领袖才是。

One Iranian put it this way.

这是一名伊朗人所说。

He said the president's comparable to a general director who has a nice title but basically serves to carry out the wishes of the CEO.

他表示，总统就相当于总经理，头衔好听，但其实只是为实现首席执行官的愿望而服务。

That would be the supreme leader in this case.

就伊朗而言，最高领袖就相当于首席执行官。

On the other hand, Raisi's political views are said to be closely aligned¹² with the supreme leader's own views.

另一方面，据说莱西的政治观点与最高领袖本人的观点紧密一致。

So they may wind up working with little friction¹³, but there will be no doubt who's the boss.

因此，他们的最终合作可能几乎没有摩擦，但领导是谁是不容置疑的事情。

One question world powers will be asking is how a Raisi government might engage with the outside world.

世界强国会问的一个问题是，一个激进的政府如何与外部世界接触。

For instance, Raisi is said to be in favor of getting the 2015 nuclear deal restored to full operation with the U.S. back in it.

例如，据说莱希赞成在美国重新参与的情况下，让2015年签署的核协议恢复全面运作。

But to be safe, proponents¹⁴ of the deal say negotiators in Vienna trying to accomplish that would do very well to finish their job before August.

但为了安全起见，该协议的支持者表示，参加维也纳会议的谈判代表最好在8月前实现这一目标。

That's when the post-election transition in Iran ends, Rouhani exits and Raisi takes office.

届时伊朗大选后的过渡时期结束，鲁哈尼卸任，莱希上任。

That's NPR's Peter Kenyon speaking to us from Tehran. Thanks, Peter.

以上是NPR新闻的彼得·肯扬从德黑兰带来的报道。谢谢你，彼得。

Thanks, Sarah.

谢谢你，莎拉。

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 depressed   

adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的

参考例句：

• When he was depressed,he felt utterly divorced from reality.他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
• His mother was depressed by the sad news.这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。

3 guardian   

n.监护人；守卫者，保护者

参考例句：

• The form must be signed by the child's parents or guardian. 这张表格须由孩子的家长或监护人签字。
• The press is a guardian of the public weal. 报刊是公共福利的卫护者。

4 vetting   

n.数据检查[核对，核实]v.审查（某人过去的记录、资格等）( vet的现在分词 )；调查；检查；诊疗

参考例句：

• Scripts had to be submitted to Ministry of Information officials for vetting. 必须把脚本提交给信息部官员审查。 来自互联网
• Their purpose in clicking deeper into a site is one of vetting. 他们深入点击网站的目的是一种诊疗。 来自互联网

5 vice   

n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的

参考例句：

• He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
• They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。

6 boycott   

n./v.(联合)抵制，拒绝参与

参考例句：

• We put the production under a boycott.我们联合抵制该商品。
• The boycott lasts a year until the Victoria board permitsreturn.这个抗争持续了一年直到维多利亚教育局妥协为止。

7 ballot   

n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票

参考例句：

• The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
• The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。

8 maneuver   

n.策略[pl.]演习；v.(巧妙)控制；用策略

参考例句：

• All the fighters landed safely on the airport after the military maneuver.在军事演习后，所有战斗机都安全降落在机场上。
• I did get her attention with this maneuver.我用这个策略确实引起了她的注意。

9 devastated   

v.彻底破坏( devastate的过去式和过去分词)；摧毁；毁灭；在感情上（精神上、财务上等）压垮adj.毁坏的；极为震惊的

参考例句：

• The bomb devastated much of the old part of the city. 这颗炸弹炸毁了旧城的一大片地方。
• His family is absolutely devastated. 他的一家感到极为震惊。

10 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

11 compliance   

n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从

参考例句：

• I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.我对他竟然依从了这些条件而感到吃惊。
• She gave up the idea in compliance with his desire.她顺从他的愿望而放弃自己的主意。

12 aligned   

adj.对齐的，均衡的

参考例句：

• Make sure the shelf is aligned with the top of the cupboard.务必使搁架与橱柜顶端对齐。

13 friction   

n.摩擦，摩擦力

参考例句：

• When Joan returned to work,the friction between them increased.琼回来工作后，他们之间的摩擦加剧了。
• Friction acts on moving bodies and brings them to a stop.摩擦力作用于运动着的物体，并使其停止。

14 proponents   

n.（某事业、理论等的）支持者，拥护者( proponent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Reviewing courts were among the most active proponents of hybrid rulemaking procedures. 复审法院是最积极的混合型规则制定程序的建议者。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
• Proponents of such opinions were arrested as 'traitors. ' 提倡这种主张的人马上作为“卖国贼”逮捕起来。 来自辞典例句