美国国家公共电台 NPR 墨西哥最高法院裁定堕胎合法

The Supreme¹ Court in Mexico has decriminalized abortion² in a unanimous ruling that struck down a state law punishing women who underwent the procedure.

墨西哥最高法院一致裁定堕胎合法化，推翻了一项惩罚堕胎女性的州法律。

This decision has set a legal precedent³ for abortions⁴ nationwide.

这一决定开创了全国堕胎的法律先例。

Joining us now to talk more about the ruling is journalist David Agren in Mexico City. Welcome.

墨西哥城的记者大卫·阿格伦现在将和我们一起讨论这项裁决。欢迎你。

Good to be with you.

很高兴和你连线。

Good to have you. All right. Can you just first start us off by telling us the significance of this ruling,

很高兴邀请到你。好。你能否先说明一下这项裁决的意义？

I mean, practically speaking, when it comes to access to abortion in Mexico going forward?

我的意思是，从实际意义上讲，这项裁决对墨西哥未来的堕胎问题有何意义？

Sure. Mexico right now has abortion decriminalized in four of the 32 states.

当然。目前，墨西哥32个州中有4个州将堕胎合法化。

What this — what had happened previously⁵ is that the Supreme Court basically said — it had a ruling that allowed states to make their individual health decisions.

此前，最高法院曾做出裁决，允许各州就本州的健康情况自行做出决定。

So that meant that — that led to some states having abortion legal and some not.

这导致有些州堕胎合法，而另一些州堕胎不合法。

What this does is it sets a precedent.

而最高法院刚刚作出的裁定开创了先例。

And basically, it — the court spelled out specifically that it — criminal sanctions for abortion are unconstitutional.

基本上，法院明确指出，对堕胎进行刑事制裁是违宪行为。

This is based on a ruling in the state of Coahuila, which is in the north and borders Texas.

这是基于科阿韦拉州的一项裁决，科阿韦拉州位于北部，与美国得克萨斯州接壤。

And it's basically — what it means from now going forward is that future decisions, if someone wants to seek —

基本上，这意味着从现在开始，未来的决定，如果有人想寻求……

it's not like the U.S. where there will be a precedent, and that means everything changes.

这不像美国那样会有先例，这意味着一切都会改变。

But the state has to change its law. And basically, if future cases come, this is the precedent that will be applied⁶.

但该州必须修改法律。基本上，如果未来有案件出现，这将是适用的先例。

OK. Well, Mexico, I mean, it's a largely Catholic country.

好。墨西哥是天主教国家。

Yes.

对。

How much does this decision fall in step, you think, with how most Mexicans view abortion?

你认为这项裁决与大多数墨西哥人对堕胎的看法有多一致？

There are — surveys tend to vary with it — more — you know, the Catholic Church commissioned a survey recently —

调查结果往往有所不同，天主教会最近委托进行了一项调查，

they just put it out — that people supporting abortion were a minority.

他们刚刚公布的结果显示，支持堕胎的人只占少数。

But it's — I guess what I would sort of say is that you sort of see a lot of — what you're seeing in the society is that you're seeing a lot of, especially with Latin America,

但是，我想说的是，人们在社会上看到，特别是在拉丁美洲，

you're seeing a lot of the protests from feminist⁷ groups, especially young women,

有很多女权主义组织举行的抗议 ，尤其是年轻女性，

that the church surveys show that younger people were — tended to be more supportive of abortion rights.

教会的调查显示，年轻人往往更支持堕胎权。

And you see it with countries throughout Latin America where it's — women are in — are going out in the streets.

拉丁美洲各个国家都能看到这种情况，这些国家的女性会走上街头。

They're protesting. They're demanding action on crimes such as femicides, an end to harassment⁸ and also more and more access to abortion.

她们举行抗议活动。她们要求对杀害女性等犯罪行为采取行动，停止骚扰，并要求增加堕胎的机会。

And part of the issue in a country like Mexico is that with criminalization, it tends to be often be applied to poor women.

在墨西哥这样的国家，问题的一部分在于，刑事定罪往往适用于贫穷的女性。

And it's, you know, it's just, you know, you get cases where women who miscarry are, you know, denounced and end up being prosecuted⁹ and put in prison.

而且，在这里，女性流产会受到谴责，最终会被起诉并关进监狱。

And you mentioned only four states out of 32 in Mexico have decriminalized abortions. Is that correct?

你刚提到墨西哥32个州中只有4个州将堕胎合法化。对吗？

That's right. Yeah. Mexico City in 2007 and in Oaxaca, 2019. And then two more this year.

没错。是的。2007年墨西哥城合法化，2019年瓦哈卡合法化。今年又有两个州将堕胎合法化。

OK. David Agren, a journalist in Mexico City, thank you very much for joining us today.

好。以上是墨西哥城记者大卫·阿格伦带来的报道，非常感谢你今天和我们连线。

You're welcome.

不客气。

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 abortion   

n.流产，堕胎

参考例句：

• She had an abortion at the women's health clinic.她在妇女保健医院做了流产手术。
• A number of considerations have led her to have a wilful abortion.多种考虑使她执意堕胎。

3 precedent   

n.先例，前例；惯例；adj.在前的，在先的

参考例句：

• Is there a precedent for what you want me to do?你要我做的事有前例可援吗？
• This is a wonderful achievement without precedent in Chinese history.这是中国历史上亘古未有的奇绩。

4 abortions   

n.小产( abortion的名词复数 )；小产胎儿；（计划）等中止或夭折；败育

参考例句：

• The Venerable Master: By not having abortions, by not killing living beings. 上人：不堕胎、不杀生。 来自互联网
• Conclusion Chromosome abnormality is one of the causes of spontaneous abortions. 结论：染色体异常是导致反复自然流产的原因之一。 来自互联网

5 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

6 applied   

adj.应用的；v.应用，适用

参考例句：

• She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
• This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

7 feminist   

adj.主张男女平等的，女权主义的

参考例句：

• She followed the feminist movement.她支持女权运动。
• From then on,feminist studies on literature boomed.从那时起，男女平等受教育的现象开始迅速兴起。

8 harassment   

n.骚扰，扰乱，烦恼，烦乱

参考例句：

• She often got telephone harassment at night these days.这些天她经常在夜晚受到电话骚扰。
• The company prohibits any form of harassment.公司禁止任何形式的骚扰行为。

9 prosecuted   

a.被起诉的

参考例句：

• The editors are being prosecuted for obscenity. 编辑因刊载污秽文字而被起诉。
• The company was prosecuted for breaching the Health and Safety Act. 这家公司被控违反《卫生安全条例》。