国家地理 女性是如何改变卢旺达的(3)

Rwanda has moved from a nation that treated women like property, whose chief function was to have children, to one that constitutionally mandates¹ that at least 30 percent of government positions are occupied by women. Since 2003 Rwanda has consistently had the highest female representation, proportionally, of parliamentarians in the world -- currently 61 percent in the lower house. Four of the nation's seven supreme² court justices are women, including the deputy chief justice.

卢旺达从一个把女性当成财产，认为其唯一作用就是生儿育女的国家，变成了一个由宪法授权，允许至少百分之三十的政府职位由女性担任的国家。从2003年开始，卢旺达国会中女性代表所占的比例一直是世界上最高的，目前为止下议院有百分之六十一的议员是女性。最高法院的七名大法官中有四名是女性，代理法官也包括在内。

The presidency³ remains⁴ the domain⁵ of men -- since 2000 the office has been held by Paul Kagame, the former military commander whose forces ended the genocide -- but women occupy 13 of the 26 seats in Rwanda's cabinet. Viewed as an authoritarian⁶ by some, a visionary leader by others, Kagame, with his ruling Rwandan Patriotic⁷ Front, championed the push to form a new national identity that purged⁸ any mention of Hutu and Tutsi, and took giant leaps toward gender⁹ equality.

而总统的职位依然是男性的，从2000年开始，总统一直由保罗·卡加梅担任，他曾经担任卢旺达军事总指挥官，就是他的军队终结了这场屠杀，而卢旺达内阁26个席位女性占了一半。有人觉得卡加梅是一位极权主义者，也有人觉得他是一位很有远见的领导人，他大力支持结成爱国统一战线，不再区分胡图族和图西族，并为推动性别平等做出了巨大贡献。

1 mandates   

托管（mandate的第三人称单数形式）

参考例句：

• Individual mandates would require all people to purchase health insurance. 个人托管要求所有人都要购买健康保险。
• While I agree with those benefits, I'm not a supporter of mandates. 我同意上述好处，我不是授权软件的支持者。

2 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

3 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

4 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

5 domain   

n.(活动等)领域，范围；领地，势力范围

参考例句：

• This information should be in the public domain.这一消息应该为公众所知。
• This question comes into the domain of philosophy.这一问题属于哲学范畴。

6 authoritarian   

n./adj.专制(的)，专制主义者，独裁主义者

参考例句：

• Foreign diplomats suspect him of authoritarian tendencies.各国外交官怀疑他有着独裁主义倾向。
• The authoritarian policy wasn't proved to be a success.独裁主义的政策证明并不成功。

7 patriotic   

adj.爱国的，有爱国心的

参考例句：

• His speech was full of patriotic sentiments.他的演说充满了爱国之情。
• The old man is a patriotic overseas Chinese.这位老人是一位爱国华侨。

8 purged   

清除（政敌等）( purge的过去式和过去分词 )； 涤除（罪恶等）； 净化（心灵、风气等）； 消除（错事等）的不良影响

参考例句：

• He purged his enemies from the Party. 他把他的敌人从党内清洗出去。
• The iron in the chemical compound must be purged. 化学混合物中的铁必须清除。

9 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。