纪录片《佛教世界的七大奇观》 印度摩诃菩提佛寺（2）

And I'm particularly fascinated to follow in the trail of Buddhism¹.

我特别着迷于跟随佛教的足迹。

Because as the philosophy has travelled through 25 centuries, it's marked out a path that leads directly from ancient society to the modern world.

因为随着这种哲学纵贯25个世纪的传播，它划出了一条直接从远古社会到现代世界的轨迹。

This is Mahabodhi, the "great awakening²" temple in Bodh Gaya in north-eastern India, our first wonder of the Buddhist³ world.

这里是摩诃菩提寺，即“大觉醒”寺，位于印度东北部菩提伽耶。这是我们第一处要拜访的佛教世界圣地。

The reason Bodh Gaya is here at all is because two and a half millennia⁴ ago,one man had an internal, personal revelation while he sat underneath⁵ a peepul tree.

菩提伽耶之所以称为圣城，是因为2500年前，有位男子在一棵菩提树下打坐时从内心悟得正道。

It's a very quiet, simple beginning to end up with all of this.

就是这个宁静而简单的开始，最终成就了所有这一切。

That man was called Siddhartha Gautama, and we're told he renounced⁶ his privileges and family to embark⁷ on a rigorous quest.

那位男子名叫乔达摩·悉达多。他抛下家庭，放弃特权，踏上了艰难的求索之路。

A journey to understand the inherent challenges of the human condition, sparked by the suffering, sorrow and deprivation⁸ that he saw all around him.

他所见身边充斥的痛苦、悲伤和贫困，触发了这次探寻了解人类生来所受的种种磨难。

It was a long and difficult journey.

这是一条漫长而艰苦的旅程。

Siddhartha renounced the comforts of the material world.

悉达多放弃了物质世界的舒适生活。

He meditated⁹ for weeks on end.

用好几周的时间持续冥想。

He broke with the status quo in a region that had been dominated by the old gods for the previous thousand years.

他打破了之前数千年里一直由旧神明统治信仰的地区现状。

Finally he achieved Nirvana, what we loosely translate as Enlightenment, and became known as the Buddha¹⁰ or "the enlightened one".

最终他证得涅槃。我们粗略地将之翻译为“开悟”，从此他成为世人所知的“佛陀”或是“觉悟者”。

The Buddha, according to Buddhist scriptures¹¹, made his way to this spot, and determined¹² not to move until he found an answer to the world's suffering.

据佛经记载，佛陀走到这里停了下来，发誓一日不寻得世间苦难之根源，便一日不起座。

So, it was here, on one warm spring evening, 2,500 years ago, that the Buddha came to sit.

所以，在2500年前一个暖春的夜晚，佛陀来到此地坐禅。

We are told that all night he was tormented¹³ by demons¹⁴.

据说他经受了邪魔们整夜的折磨。

But then, as the sun began to rise in the East, he found enlightenment.

但当太阳从东方升起时，他豁然开悟。

1 Buddhism   

n.佛教（教义）

参考例句：

• Buddhism was introduced into China about 67 AD.佛教是在公元67年左右传入中国的。
• Many people willingly converted to Buddhism.很多人情愿皈依佛教。

2 awakening   

n.觉醒，醒悟 adj.觉醒中的；唤醒的

参考例句：

• the awakening of interest in the environment 对环境产生的兴趣
• People are gradually awakening to their rights. 人们正逐渐意识到自己的权利。

3 Buddhist   

adj./n.佛教的，佛教徒

参考例句：

• The old lady fell down in adoration before Buddhist images.那老太太在佛像面前顶礼膜拜。
• In the eye of the Buddhist,every worldly affair is vain.在佛教徒的眼里，人世上一切事情都是空的。

4 millennia   

n.一千年，千禧年

参考例句：

• For two millennia, exogamy was a major transgression for Jews. 两千年来，异族通婚一直是犹太人的一大禁忌。
• In the course of millennia, the dinosaurs died out. 在几千年的时间里，恐龙逐渐死绝了。

5 underneath   

adj.在...下面，在...底下；adv.在下面

参考例句：

• Working underneath the car is always a messy job.在汽车底下工作是件脏活。
• She wore a coat with a dress underneath.她穿着一件大衣，里面套着一条连衣裙。

6 renounced   

v.声明放弃( renounce的过去式和过去分词 )；宣布放弃；宣布与…决裂；宣布摒弃

参考例句：

• We have renounced the use of force to settle our disputes. 我们已再次宣布放弃使用武力来解决争端。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Andrew renounced his claim to the property. 安德鲁放弃了财产的所有权。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 embark   

vi.乘船，着手，从事，上飞机

参考例句：

• He is about to embark on a new business venture.他就要开始新的商业冒险活动。
• Many people embark for Europe at New York harbor.许多人在纽约港乘船去欧洲。

8 deprivation   

n.匮乏；丧失；夺去，贫困

参考例句：

• Many studies make it clear that sleep deprivation is dangerous.多实验都证实了睡眠被剥夺是危险的。
• Missing the holiday was a great deprivation.错过假日是极大的损失。

9 meditated   

深思，沉思，冥想( meditate的过去式和过去分词 )； 内心策划，考虑

参考例句：

• He meditated for two days before giving his answer. 他在作出答复之前考虑了两天。
• She meditated for 2 days before giving her answer. 她考虑了两天才答复。

10 Buddha   

n.佛；佛像；佛陀

参考例句：

• Several women knelt down before the statue of Buddha and prayed.几个妇女跪在佛像前祈祷。
• He has kept the figure of Buddha for luck.为了图吉利他一直保存着这尊佛像。

11 scriptures   

经文，圣典( scripture的名词复数 )； 经典

参考例句：

• Here the apostle Peter affirms his belief that the Scriptures are 'inspired'. 使徒彼得在此表达了他相信《圣经》是通过默感写成的。
• You won't find this moral precept in the scriptures. 你在《圣经》中找不到这种道德规范。

12 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

13 tormented   

饱受折磨的

参考例句：

• The knowledge of his guilt tormented him. 知道了自己的罪责使他非常痛苦。
• He had lain awake all night, tormented by jealousy. 他彻夜未眠，深受嫉妒的折磨。

14 demons   

n.恶人( demon的名词复数 )；恶魔；精力过人的人；邪念

参考例句：

• demons torturing the sinners in Hell 地狱里折磨罪人的魔鬼
• He is plagued by demons which go back to his traumatic childhood. 他为心魔所困扰，那可追溯至他饱受创伤的童年。 来自《简明英汉词典》