PBS高端访谈:美国20万人死亡新冠

JUDY WOODRUFF: As the country approaches yet another tragic¹ marker of the pandemic tonight, close to 200,000 Americans dead from COVID and related complications, we're going to widen our lens to look at how the virus has cut across so many communities in the U.S. and to remember the lives being lost. William Brangham begins with what we know about the growing toll².

朱迪·伍德拉夫：今晚，美国又将迎来这场大流行的又一个悲剧性标志，将近20万美国人死于COVID和相关并发症，我们将扩大我们的视野，看看病毒是如何在美国如此多的社区中传播的，并记住所失去的生命。威廉·布兰格姆从我们所知道的不断增长的死亡人数开始报道。

WILLIAM BRANGHAM: The slow beat of bells at the National Cathedral in Washington, D.C., on Sunday, 200 tolls³ as the nation approached 200,000 American lives lost to the coronavirus. It's a daunting⁴ number, one that's hard to fully⁵ grasp. It's nearly twice as many Americans who've been killed in every major conflict since the Korean War combined. So, as the country marks this solemn occasion, we felt it important to take a moment to lay out what the numbers tell us so far. It's been 242 days since the first reported case of this novel coronavirus in the United States. Since then, there have been nearly seven million more reported across all 50 states. Daily cases have fallen from a peak of more than 70,000 in July to under 40,000 today. All told, Louisiana, Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, and Arizona have seen the most cases per capita so far. But over the last week, the Dakotas, Wisconsin, Oklahoma, and Utah have seen the most cases per capita. New York, which suffered the worst outbreak early on, accounts for more than 16 percent of all COVID deaths, with roughly 33,000. In New York City, one in every 360 residents died. New Jersey⁶, California, Texas, and Florida each have seen at least 10,000 people die. But the five states with the highest death rates in the last week are Arkansas, Mississippi, Virginia, Florida, and North Dakota. So far in the U.S., the virus has a nearly 3 percent case fatality⁷ rate. More than 90 percent of deaths involving COVID-19 were people over the age of 55. And more than 40 percent of deaths occurred in nursing homes or assisted living facilities. We also know this virus has taken a disproportionate toll on communities of color in this country. Blacks, Hispanics and Latinos, and Native Americans are more than two-and-a-half times more likely to get virus than whites. Those same groups are roughly five times more likely to be hospitalized. And Black Americans are twice as likely to die. Globally, among these major developed nations, the U.S. has, by far the highest number of daily deaths. It's a number that will likely to continue to grow as we wrestle⁸ with our national response to this global tragedy. For the PBS NewsHour, I'm William Brangham.

威廉·布兰格姆：周日，在华盛顿特区的国家大教堂里，缓慢的钟声敲响，美国接近20万美国人死于冠状病毒，20万人因此丧命。这是一个令人生畏的数字，很难完全掌握。自从朝鲜战争以来，在每一次重大冲突中丧生的美国人几乎是两倍。因此，在国家纪念这一庄严时刻之际，我们认为有必要花一点时间来阐述目前这些数字告诉我们的情况。自从美国首次报道这种新型冠状病毒病例以来，已经242天了。从那时起，在所有50个州，有将近700万人感染。每天的病例从7月份的高峰，也就是7万多，下降到今天的4万个以下。总的来说，路易斯安那州、佛罗里达州、密西西比州、阿拉巴马州和亚利桑那州的人均病例数最多。但上周，达科他州、威斯康星州、俄克拉荷马州和犹他州的人均病例数最多。纽约，早期遭受最严重的疫情，占所有COVID死亡人数的16%以上，大约有3.3万人。在纽约市，每360名居民中就有一人死亡。新泽西州、加利福尼亚州、德克萨斯州和佛罗里达州各有至少1万人死亡。但上周死亡率最高的五个州是阿肯色州、密西西比州、弗吉尼亚州、佛罗里达州和北达科他州。到目前为止，在美国，这种病毒的病死率接近3%。在涉及COVID-19的死亡病例中，超过90%是55岁以上的人。超过40%的死亡发生在疗养院或辅助生活场馆。我们也知道这种病毒对这个国家的有色人种造成了不成比例的损失。黑人、拉美裔、拉美裔和美洲原住民感染病毒的几率是白人的2.5倍多。同样的人群住院的几率大约是其他人群的五倍。美国黑人死亡的可能性是美国黑人的两倍。在全球主要发达国家中，美国每天死亡人数最多。这个数字可能会继续增长，因为我们正在努力应对这场全球悲剧。我是威廉·布兰格姆，这里是PBS新闻一小时。

1 tragic   

adj.悲剧的，悲剧性的，悲惨的

参考例句：

• The effect of the pollution on the beaches is absolutely tragic.污染海滩后果可悲。
• Charles was a man doomed to tragic issues.查理是个注定不得善终的人。

2 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

3 tolls   

（缓慢而有规律的）钟声( toll的名词复数 )； 通行费； 损耗； （战争、灾难等造成的）毁坏

参考例句：

• A man collected tolls at the gateway. 一个人在大门口收通行费。
• The long-distance call tolls amount to quite a sum. 长途电话费数目相当可观。

4 daunting   

adj.使人畏缩的

参考例句：

• They were faced with the daunting task of restoring the house.他们面临着修复房子的艰巨任务。
• Starting a new job can be a daunting prospect.开始一项新工作有时会让人望而却步。

5 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

6 jersey   

n.运动衫

参考例句：

• He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
• They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。

7 fatality   

n.不幸，灾祸，天命

参考例句：

• She struggle against fatality in vain.她徒然奋斗反抗宿命。
• He began to have a growing sense of fatality.他开始有一种越来越强烈的宿命感。

8 wrestle   

vi.摔跤，角力；搏斗；全力对付

参考例句：

• He taught his little brother how to wrestle.他教他小弟弟如何摔跤。
• We have to wrestle with difficulties.我们必须同困难作斗争。