PBS高端访谈:出于对暴力的恐惧,乌克兰东部的选民在选举日可能呆在家里

 　　GWEN IFILL: There was deadly unrest in Eastern Ukraine today, as pro-Russia insurgents¹ attacked a military checkpoint, killing² 16 soldiers. In the town of Lysychansk, separatist rebels clashed with Ukrainian forces and exchanged mortar³ rounds and gunfire.

　　The country's acting⁴ prime minister accused Russia of escalating⁵ the conflict and trying to disrupt Sunday's election.

　　Chief foreign affairs correspondent Margaret Warner and her PBS NewsHour team is in Donetsk, where they witnessed the friction⁶ between separatists and election workers firsthand.

　　MARGARET WARNER: Donetsk region election official Evgeny Natsoyok was giving a tour this morning of district offices ransacked⁷ by pro-Russia separatist forces in recent days, when he responded to a jarring text message that his own headquarters office was being overrun that very moment.

　　Sure enough, armed men from the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic, or the DPR, were seizing the building. They took computers and pulled election papers out of a safe. In a tense meeting with office head Ruslon Kudebiasev, they said they were there to prevent pre-ballot fraud leading up to Sunday's presidential vote.

　　MAN (through interpreter): How you can live with this?

　　MARGARET WARNER: One DPR squad⁸ leader, Judiev Vladimir, was unapologetic.

　　MAN (through interpreter): We are closing this polling station because we don't want these elections to happen.

　　MARGARET WARNER: Late today, we were told the DPR had arrested Ruslon and taken him away.

　　Unarmed police guarding the post put up no resistance and said they don't know how they can possibly secure the actual voting places this Sunday either.

　　KAPLIN SERGEY, Ukraine State Police (through interpreter): We are forbidden to say this, but we are the hostage of this situation. Can we defend anyone in this situation? Physically⁹, we can't.

　　MARGARET WARNER: Separatists have now succeeded in closing more than half the election commission headquarters in the east, according to today's report by Russia's Interfax news agency.

　　A crestfallen¹⁰ Natsoyok said their operation is proving effective even among dedicated¹¹ election staff, with many no longer showing up for work.

　　There's a lot at stake for all of Ukraine in Sunday's presidential election, nothing less than a legally elected government in Kiev that Russian President Vladimir Putin won't be able to so easily dismiss as illegitimate. And getting enough voters participating from these eastern regions along the Russian border is critical to that.

　　The separatists held a hastily arranged independence referendum here 10 days ago and say that tens of thousands of voters in the two eastern-most regions, Donetsk and Luhansk, had overwhelming voted to break away from Ukraine.

　　This Sunday's presidential vote to replace the rump government in Kiev is the opportunity for those who want to remain part of Ukraine to let their voices be heard, like pensioner¹² Lebedeva Galina.

　　LEBEDEVA GALINA (through interpreter): I want to go to my desires. What is happening in my country now, it's a chaos¹³, it's anarchy¹⁴. I want to vote for a good chief, a good and honest man who will help people live better.

　　MARGARET WARNER: They're opposed by residents like Uli Bolshov, who say they voted for independence and will boycott¹⁵ Sunday.

　　MAN (through interpreter): I won't vote because I think this upcoming election is not legal.

　　MARGARET WARNER: That's the argument made by separatist forces occupying the Donetsk government building, like Denis Pushilin, chair of the new Donetsk People's Republic Council.

　　DENIS PUSHILIN, Chairman, Donetsk People's Republic Council (through interpreter): We believe it is incorrect for what is now our neighboring country to conduct presidential elections here. These elections are planned by the Kiev pseudo-authorities. But we don't consider it proper if they go forward.

　　MARGARET WARNER: But when pressed whether it was his men shutting down election offices and warning people to stay away from the polls, he dodged¹⁶.

　　DENIS PUSHILIN (through interpreter): People come and ask, can we shut down this commission? And we don't particularly resist. We don't forbid them from doing this. We don't stop them. And they go and go and close them.

　　MARGARET WARNER: So men who come in in face masks and are armed, they're not working for you?

　　DENIS PUSHILIN (through interpreter): Well, I'm not ruling out that they may do this. But such orders were not given.

　　MARGARET WARNER: Whether ordered or not, the intimidation¹⁷ campaign appears to be having the intended effect on many voters here. Anatoliy Volkov, a young petroleum¹⁸ engineer, said though he thinks the DPR is illegitimate, he will stay away this Sunday.

　　ANATOLIY VOLKOV (through interpreter): I will not go because I feel uneasy about that. It may be dangerous.

　　MARGARET WARNER: And why are you uneasy?

　　ANATOLIY VOLKOV (through interpreter): There are many threats and many rumors¹⁹ that there will be no election, and the Donetsk Republic has officially claimed, since we are not part of Ukraine any more, people shouldn't go vote.

　　MARGARET WARNER: Seventy-year-old retired²⁰ chemistry professor Svetlana Antonova had originally wanted to be an election worker. Now she says she won't even vote because of the danger.

　　ANATOLIY VOLKOV (through interpreter): It's war here. And it is possible there will be people with automatic guns. I'm just a woman and I'm scared.

　　MARGARET WARNER: Journalist blogger Denis Kazanskiy, who insisted on talking out of sight in the woods, thinks enough East Ukrainians will stay away to cast doubts on the legitimacy²¹ of the whole election.

　　What will be the consequences for Ukraine if this election can't go forward, as you predict, here in the East?

　　DENIS KAZANSKIY, Journalist: I guess this territory will be like a gray zone, like a failed state. And it will be like such zone like Transnistria or Abkhazia between Ukraine and Russia, and it will be very bad for this region, because all the industry will be stopped. And it will be great economic crisis here.

　　MARGARET WARNER: The man appointed governor by Kiev to calm the Donetsk region is billionaire industrialist²² Sergey Taruta, who we met in March in the building now occupied by separatists. Last night, a group of them were feeding an outdoor campfire with Ukrainian presidential election flyers.

　　We found Taruta last night instead holed up in a local hotel. He said he expects more trouble in the days ahead.

　　GOV. SERGIY TARUTA, Donetsk, Ukraine (through interpreter): They will implement²³ various scenarios²⁴. They will frighten people who come to the polling stations. They will threaten them. They will stage provocations²⁵ so people won't come out, so that people will be afraid and stay away and not cast their vote.

　　MARGARET WARNER: He concedes two separatist-held cities in his region, Slavyansk and Kramatorsk, won't be able to hold voting inside the city limits.

　　GOV. SERGEY TARUTA (through interpreter): In the rest of the cities, there are risks. But we will try to facilitate the vote in the rest of these areas.

　　MARGARET WARNER: But you can't protect 2,400 polling stations.

　　GOV. SERGEY TARUTA (through interpreter): Yes, it's difficult, but we're obligated to do so. We have no other option. We will do everything possible to facilitate the elections.

　　MARGARET WARNER: Taruta does have some muscle backing him up. Ukrainian military units sent by Kiev has fanned out across the east with checkpoints like this one and targeted operations to narrow the separatist areas of control.

　　And DPR leader Denis Pushilin seemed to be feeling the pressure last night.

　　DENIS PUSHILIN (through interpreter): The Kiev junta²⁶ are facilitating criminal actions against our co-citizens. Our people are dying every day. Right now, we are in a civil war. On our territory, there are occupying forces.

　　MARGARET WARNER: Yet, even if he and his allies manage to pull off the vote, Taruta fears the DPR won't give up unless Russian President Vladimir Putin gives a clear and convincing order.

　　DENIS PUSHILIN (through interpreter): No, they will attempt to continue existing regardless of the elections. So after the vote, it will be necessary to hold a dialogue with them and call on them to give up their weapons and to respond to the demands of the protesters.

　　MARGARET WARNER: Pushilin says a dialogue is a nonstarter.

　　DENIS PUSHILIN (through interpreter): The elections will not in any way revolve²⁷ the situation. The people's republic is already proclaimed. No one trusts Kiev here in this land.

　　MARGARET WARNER: The prospect²⁸ of continued chaos and division dismays retired professor Antonova.

　　SVETLANA ANTONOVA (through interpreter): I am half-Russian and half-Ukrainian. I can't split myself into pieces. I don't like when Russians say bad things about Ukrainians or when Ukrainians say bad things about Russians. I want a president who will quiet such nationalistic conflicts. We need someone who can solve this conflict with wisdom.

　　MARGARET WARNER: Right now, here in Eastern Ukraine, wisdom seems to be in short supply.

1 insurgents   

n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正规军参加到起义军方面来了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要对付塔利班与伊拉克叛乱分子，这些问题还是可以把握住的。 来自互联网

2 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

3 mortar   

n.灰浆，灰泥；迫击炮；v.把…用灰浆涂接合

参考例句：

• The mason flushed the joint with mortar.泥工用灰浆把接缝处嵌平。
• The sound of mortar fire seemed to be closing in.迫击炮的吼声似乎正在逼近。

4 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

5 escalating   

v.（使）逐步升级( escalate的现在分词 )；（使）逐步扩大；（使）更高；（使）更大

参考例句：

• The cost of living is escalating. 生活费用在迅速上涨。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The cost of living is escalating in the country. 这个国家的生活费用在上涨。 来自辞典例句

6 friction   

n.摩擦，摩擦力

参考例句：

• When Joan returned to work,the friction between them increased.琼回来工作后，他们之间的摩擦加剧了。
• Friction acts on moving bodies and brings them to a stop.摩擦力作用于运动着的物体，并使其停止。

7 ransacked   

v.彻底搜查( ransack的过去式和过去分词 )；抢劫，掠夺

参考例句：

• The house had been ransacked by burglars. 这房子遭到了盗贼的洗劫。
• The house had been ransacked of all that was worth anything. 屋子里所有值钱的东西都被抢去了。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

8 squad   

n.班，小队，小团体；vt.把…编成班或小组

参考例句：

• The squad leader ordered the men to mark time.班长命令战士们原地踏步。
• A squad is the smallest unit in an army.班是军队的最小构成单位。

9 physically   

adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律

参考例句：

• He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服，心绪也很乱。
• Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。

10 crestfallen   

adj. 挫败的，失望的，沮丧的

参考例句：

• He gathered himself up and sneaked off,crushed and crestfallen.他爬起来，偷偷地溜了，一副垂头丧气、被斗败的样子。
• The youth looked exceedingly crestfallen.那青年看上去垂头丧气极了。

11 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

12 pensioner   

n.领养老金的人

参考例句：

• The tax threshold for a single pensioner is$ 445.单身领退休年金者的纳税起点为445英镑。
• It was the pensioner's vote late in the day that influenced the election of Mr.Sweet.最后是领取养老金者的选票影响了斯威特先生的当选。

13 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。

14 anarchy   

n.无政府状态；社会秩序混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• There would be anarchy if we had no police.要是没有警察，社会就会无法无天。
• The country was thrown into a state of anarchy.这国家那时一下子陷入无政府状态。

15 boycott   

n./v.(联合)抵制，拒绝参与

参考例句：

• We put the production under a boycott.我们联合抵制该商品。
• The boycott lasts a year until the Victoria board permitsreturn.这个抗争持续了一年直到维多利亚教育局妥协为止。

16 dodged   

v.闪躲( dodge的过去式和过去分词 )；回避

参考例句：

• He dodged cleverly when she threw her sabot at him. 她用木底鞋砸向他时，他机敏地闪开了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He dodged the book that I threw at him. 他躲开了我扔向他的书。 来自《简明英汉词典》

17 intimidation   

n.恐吓，威胁

参考例句：

• The Opposition alleged voter intimidation by the army.反对党声称投票者受到军方的恐吓。
• The gang silenced witnesses by intimidation.恶帮用恐吓的手段使得证人不敢说话。

18 petroleum   

n.原油，石油

参考例句：

• The Government of Iran advanced the price of petroleum last week.上星期伊朗政府提高了石油价格。
• The purpose of oil refinery is to refine crude petroleum.炼油厂的主要工作是提炼原油。

19 rumors   

n.传闻( rumor的名词复数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷v.传闻( rumor的第三人称单数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷

参考例句：

• Rumors have it that the school was burned down. 有谣言说学校给烧掉了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Rumors of a revolt were afloat. 叛变的谣言四起。 来自《简明英汉词典》

20 retired   

adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的

参考例句：

• The old man retired to the country for rest.这位老人下乡休息去了。
• Many retired people take up gardening as a hobby.许多退休的人都以从事园艺为嗜好。

21 legitimacy   

n.合法，正当

参考例句：

• The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.报纸直接质疑政府的合法性。
• Managing from the top down,we operate with full legitimacy.我们进行由上而下的管理有充分的合法性。

22 industrialist   

n.工业家，实业家

参考例句：

• The industrialist's son was kidnapped.这名实业家的儿子被绑架了。
• Mr.Smith was a wealthy industrialist,but he was not satisfied with life.史密斯先生是位富有的企业家，可他对生活感到不满意。

23 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

24 scenarios   

n.[意]情节；剧本；事态；脚本

参考例句：

• Further, graphite cores may be safer than non-graphite cores under some accident scenarios. 再者，根据一些事故解说，石墨堆芯可比非石墨堆芯更安全一些。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Again, scenarios should make it clear which modes are acceptable to users in various contexts. 同样，我们可以运用场景剧本来搞清楚在不同情境下哪些模式可被用户接受。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

25 provocations   

n.挑衅( provocation的名词复数 )；激怒；刺激；愤怒的原因

参考例句：

• We cannot ignore such provocations. 对于这种挑衅，我们不能置之不理。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• They must immediately cease all their provocations. 他们必须停止一切挑衅。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

26 junta   

n.团体；政务审议会

参考例句：

• The junta reacted violently to the perceived threat to its authority.军政府感到自身权力受威胁而进行了激烈反击。
• A military junta took control of the country.一个军政权控制了国家。

27 revolve   

vi.(使)旋转；循环出现

参考例句：

• The planets revolve around the sun.行星绕着太阳运转。
• The wheels began to revolve slowly.车轮开始慢慢转动。

28 prospect   

n.前景，前途；景色，视野

参考例句：

• This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
• The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。