PBS高端访谈:特朗普的最新旅行禁令有何改动?

 　　The U.S. Supreme¹ Court is dropping, for now, upcoming arguments over President Trump²'s controversial travel ban.

　　The move comes one day after the White House issued a revised and expanded ban.

　　It restricts travel to the U.S. from eight countries, including five on the original ban, Iran, Syria, Somalia, Yemen and Libya.

　　New to the list, Chad, North Korea and Venezuela.

　　For more on the ban and what comes next, we are joined by Yeganeh Torbati. She covers immigration for the Reuters news service.

　　Yeganeh, welcome back to the program. So, what is mainly different about this one?

　　So, what happened was the administration essentially³ dropped Sudan from the list of countries that whose citizens can come to the United States.

　　It added a couple of other countries, Chad, North Korea, and it restricted travel to the United States by certain Venezuelan government officials and their families.

　　But for the five main countries on the travel ban list, the ones you just named, the restrictions⁴ are largely still in place,

　　and they're now indefinite. There's no time limit on them. What was the rationale behind this change?

　　So what the administration said over the past weekend, essentially, Friday and again on Sunday,

　　is that they went through a rigorous process where they engaged with countries around the world to

　　in order to get more information from them on their citizens and get certain assertions and certain agreements of cooperation,

　　essentially, to help the United States verify their citizens' identity.

　　And what they have told the public and what they have told us is that those countries that didn't provide that or either were not able to or willing to provide that level of cooperation,

　　those are the countries whose citizens are now basically banned from coming to the United States.

　　So it's no longer then a Muslim ban, which is what the critics were saying it was, even though the administration denied that?

　　Right, so the administration denies that.

　　But what critics of the ban are saying is that throwing in countries like North Korea and Venezuela into this ban doesn't sort of take away from the original intent or what they see as the original intent,

　　which was to ban people from Muslim-majority countries from coming to the United States.

　　North Korea last year sent about 109 individuals to the United States in the form of immigrants and non-immigrants, a tiny number.

　　The restrictions on Venezuela, another non-Muslim majority country in this new list, are very narrow.

　　It's just certain government officials and their families can't come as tourists to the United States.

　　Chad is 53 percent Muslim, and so critics still see this as a Muslim-majority -- a ban on countries that are Muslim-majority.

　　And, finally, as we reported, the Supreme Court now put off hearing these arguments. What is likely to be the effect?

　　There were lawsuits⁵ filed on the basis of this being unconstitutional. Where is all that likely to go?

　　Right. So, legal experts see the Supreme Court's move today as essentially an indication that it really doesn't want to rule on this case, and that it likely or perhaps will indeed rule it moot⁶.

　　The Supreme Court has a long-term view and it realizes that President Trump is not going to be the last president.

　　There will be presidents after him, and they don't want to rule on a case related to immigration and national security, areas that are very much the prerogative⁷ generally of the executive branch.

　　They don't want to set very far-reaching precedents⁸ if in fact the original reason for the case has now expired.

　　Yeganeh Torbati of Reuters, we thank you. Thank you. Appreciate it. undefined

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

4 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

5 lawsuits   

n.诉讼( lawsuit的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Lawsuits involving property rights and farming and grazing rights increased markedly. 涉及财产权，耕作与放牧权的诉讼案件显著地增加。 来自辞典例句
• I've lost and won more lawsuits than any man in England. 全英国的人算我官司打得最多，赢的也多，输的也多。 来自辞典例句

6 moot   

v.提出；adj.未决议的；n.大会；辩论会

参考例句：

• The question mooted in the board meeting is still a moot point.那个在董事会上提出讨论的问题仍未决的。
• The oil versus nuclear equation is largely moot.石油和核能之间的关系还很有争议。

7 prerogative   

n.特权

参考例句：

• It is within his prerogative to do so.他是有权这样做的。
• Making such decisions is not the sole prerogative of managers.作这类决定并不是管理者的专有特权。

8 precedents   

引用单元； 范例( precedent的名词复数 )； 先前出现的事例； 前例； 先例

参考例句：

• There is no lack of precedents in this connection. 不乏先例。
• He copied after bad precedents. 他仿效恶例。