PBS高端访谈:背井离乡逃缅甸 终得喘息芝加哥

Hari Sreenivasan: Various refugee crises dominated news headlines this year, including Rohingyas, more than a million of whom have fled their homes in Myanmar.Many have ended up in camps in Bangladesh, but some have made it to the U.S., and the majority of those have settled in the Midwest part of the country.From PBS station WTTW in Chicago, Paris Schutz has the story of Rohingya refugees who have made Windy City their new home.

Paris Schutz: In many ways, Hasan is a typical Chicago high school student.The 14-year-old is the captain of his club soccer team.He attends Sullivan High School in Rogers Park, and has a close-knit group of friends.But Hasan's new life is the result of a harrowing escape from his home region of the Rakhine state in the country of Myanmar, formerly¹ known asBurma.He says the Burmese military burned his village down, forcing him his family to flee for their lives.

Hasan: Like, Buddhists³ came to our country. And then they burned the house. They are killingthe Muslim people.

Paris Schutz: Hasan was taken in by a Rohingya family in Malaysia, before coming to the United States as a refugee. He says he has not seen or heard from his biological family since.

Hasan: I lost my whole family. We run. Wherever we go, we don't know.

Paris Schutz: And you just had to run off on your own?

Hasan: Yes, yes.

Paris Schutz: Hasan is one of dozens of Rohingya students in the Chicago public school system with similar stories. Nineteen-year-old Salamat says his parents arranged for his escape from Myanmar, but could not afford to leave themselves. Like Hasan, he came here with the help of the United Nations High Commission on Refugees. He worked at O'Hare and says he's sent all of his earnings⁴ back to his parents.

Salamat: I am just sending money to them, so I hope they will be safe.

Paris Schutz: He says he's able to talk to them online every day, and they are in constant fear of the Buddhist² Burmese military, which has systematically⁵ forced Rohingya out of the country.

Salamat: They called us terrorists. And then they kill everyone, every children. They kill every woman. They fire into the home.

Paris Schutz: If Salamat and Hasan are dealing⁶ with the after-effects of post traumatic stress, it certainly doesn't show. Do you still struggle with everything that happened?

Hasan: Maybe not, because, sometimes, I think about my family. But here I can go to school, and then I can learn new things.

Paris Schutz: Sullivan High School has a large refugee population. Assistant principal Matt Fasana says administrators⁸ regularly care for kids who have experienced traumatic events.

Matt Fasana: And even the little things, like a kid is normally talking or trying or experiencing one day, and then all of a sudden isn't, that's a red flag.

Paris Schutz: Students can also get support at the Rohingya Culture Center on Devon Avenue. It bills itself as the only such center of its kind in the country.

Nasir Zakaria: We bring our culture here. Before, we don't have -- they take away our culture in Burma.

Paris Schutz: Nasir Zakaria is one more than 600,000 Rohingya that originally fled to Bangladesh. He then traveled to Thailand and Malaysia before coming to Chicago as a refugee. He says he landed a job as a dishwasher at Rivers Casino before becoming the full-time⁹ administrator⁷ of the culture center. He says there are few people that love and appreciate their new country more than the Rohingya. What is their life like in Chicago?

Nasir Zakaria: It's amazing. Life in Chicago, we are right now free.

Paris Schutz: The culture center says that there are around 1,500 Rohingya originally from Myanmar that are currently living in Chicago. They say that's the largest Rohingya populationof any city in the United States. The culture center offers free English classes and help assimilating to American life. But the optimism the Chicago Rohingya feel is counterbalanced bythe constant fear of what's happening in Myanmar.

Nasir Zakaria: I'm always every day, every time, I'm worried about my families. Today, they are alive. Tomorrow, I don't know if they are alive or not.

Paris Schutz: Nasir says the Rohingya have always had a tenuous¹⁰ relationship with the ruling Buddhist majority in Myanmar, but the conflict escalated¹¹ in 2012. Now Rohingya are not recognized as citizens. Nasir says the Rohingya had hoped that the current leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, who is a former political prisoner that won the Nobel Peace Prize, would focus on human rights. But the plight¹² of the Rohingya has only gotten worse under Suu Kyi, which hascaused widespread condemnation¹³ from world leaders, who describe it as ethnic¹⁴ cleansing¹⁵.

Jan Schakowsky: Myanmar reviles¹⁶ them right now as not really legitimate¹⁷ people. They are stateless now, the largest group of stateless people in the world. People who live in Rakhine province are really held in essentially¹⁸ concentration camps.

Paris Schutz: Chicago Congresswoman Jan Schakowsky recently visited Myanmar and says the U.S. and U.N. need to pressure Suu Kyi to end the crisis. Nasir says Suu Kyi had enthusiastic support from the Rohingya, and she has let them down.

Nasir Zakaria: My heart is broken for her. From my heart, I want to say to her, she is liar¹⁹ number one. She don't have any justice.

Paris Schutz: For now, the Rohingya focus on building their lives in Chicago. Salamat says he wants to be a pilot one day. Hasan says he wants to continue to improve at soccer. All of the Rohingya students struggle to live a normal life with the specter of ethnic cleansing in their native country weighing heavily on their minds.

I'm Paris Schutz for the "PBS NewsHour" in Chicago.

1 formerly   

adv.从前，以前

参考例句：

• We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
• This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。

2 Buddhist   

adj./n.佛教的，佛教徒

参考例句：

• The old lady fell down in adoration before Buddhist images.那老太太在佛像面前顶礼膜拜。
• In the eye of the Buddhist,every worldly affair is vain.在佛教徒的眼里，人世上一切事情都是空的。

3 Buddhists   

n.佛教徒( Buddhist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Jesuits in a phase of ascendancy, persecuted and insulted the Buddhists with great acrimony. 处于地位上升阶段的耶稣会修士迫害佛教徒，用尖刻的语言辱骂他们。 来自英汉非文学 - 历史
• The return of Saivite rule to central Java had brought no antagonism between Buddhists and Hindus. 湿婆教在中爪哇恢复统治后，并没有导致佛教徒与印度教徒之间的对立。 来自辞典例句

4 earnings   

n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得

参考例句：

• That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。
• Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。

5 systematically   

adv.有系统地

参考例句：

• This government has systematically run down public services since it took office.这一屆政府自上台以来系统地削减了公共服务。
• The rainforest is being systematically destroyed.雨林正被系统地毀灭。

6 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

7 administrator   

n.经营管理者，行政官员

参考例句：

• The role of administrator absorbed much of Ben's energy.行政职务耗掉本很多精力。
• He has proved himself capable as administrator.他表现出管理才能。

8 administrators   

n.管理者( administrator的名词复数 )；有管理（或行政）才能的人；（由遗嘱检验法庭指定的）遗产管理人；奉派暂管主教教区的牧师

参考例句：

• He had administrators under him but took the crucial decisions himself. 他手下有管理人员，但重要的决策仍由他自己来做。 来自辞典例句
• Administrators have their own methods of social intercourse. 办行政的人有他们的社交方式。 来自汉英文学 - 围城

9 full-time   

adj.满工作日的或工作周的，全时间的

参考例句：

• A full-time job may be too much for her.全天工作她恐怕吃不消。
• I don't know how she copes with looking after her family and doing a full-time job.既要照顾家庭又要全天工作，我不知道她是如何对付的。

10 tenuous   

adj.细薄的，稀薄的，空洞的

参考例句：

• He has a rather tenuous grasp of reality.他对现实认识很肤浅。
• The air ten miles above the earth is very tenuous.距离地面十公里的空气十分稀薄。

11 escalated   

v.（使）逐步升级( escalate的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）逐步扩大；（使）更高；（使）更大

参考例句：

• The fighting escalated into a full-scale war. 这场交战逐步扩大为全面战争。
• The demonstration escalated into a pitched battle with the police. 示威逐步升级，演变成了一场同警察的混战。

12 plight   

n.困境，境况，誓约，艰难；vt.宣誓，保证，约定

参考例句：

• The leader was much concerned over the plight of the refugees.那位领袖对难民的困境很担忧。
• She was in a most helpless plight.她真不知如何是好。

13 condemnation   

n.谴责; 定罪

参考例句：

• There was widespread condemnation of the invasion. 那次侵略遭到了人们普遍的谴责。
• The jury's condemnation was a shock to the suspect. 陪审团宣告有罪使嫌疑犯大为震惊。

14 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

15 cleansing   

n. 净化(垃圾) adj. 清洁用的 动词cleanse的现在分词

参考例句：

• medicated cleansing pads for sensitive skin 敏感皮肤药物清洗棉
• Soap is not the only cleansing agent. 肥皂并不是唯一的清洁剂。

16 reviles   

v.辱骂，痛斥( revile的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• He boasts of the cravings of his heart; he blesses the greedy and reviles the LORD. 因为恶人以心愿自夸。贪财的背弃耶和华，并且轻慢他（或作他祝福贪财的，却轻慢耶和华）。 来自互联网

17 legitimate   

adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法

参考例句：

• Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
• That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。

18 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

19 liar   

n.说谎的人

参考例句：

• I know you for a thief and a liar!我算认识你了，一个又偷又骗的家伙！
• She was wrongly labelled a liar.她被错误地扣上说谎者的帽子。