PBS高端访谈:教给孩子正确认识边界

JUDY WOODRUFF: The MeToo movement has ignited many conversations about appropriate behavior in households, companies, and in schools.

From PBS station WGBH in Boston, Cristina Quinn went to one high school to see what students were being taught.

It's part of our weekly series Making the Grade.

JESS ALDER¹, Start Strong Boston: Hand-to-hand. All right, foot-to-foot.

CRISTINA QUINN: Tenth graders at New Mission High School in Hyde Park kick off their class with an ice-breaker game called partner-to-partner, led by Jess Alder and Taquari Milton.

JESS ALDER: Back of the head to back of the head. Nose to nose. No?

CRISTINA QUINN: The point of the exercise is to start a discussion about boundaries and reading nonverbal cues through body language.

JESS ALDER: How many people felt comfortable hand-to-hand? Everybody.

What made that comfortable? What made that OK? It felt safe. It felt at home. What about when I said belly-to-belly?

CRISTINA QUINN: Jess Alder is acting² program director of Start Strong Boston, a program run out of the Boston Public Health Commission's Division of Violence Prevention.

She says she and Milton use real issues and platforms like the MeToo movement to open up discussions about what constitutes a healthy relationship.

JESS ALDER: It can be really confusing.

If a young girl talks about how some boy is teasing her at school, her guardians³, teachers will often say, oh, that just means they like you.

Just brush it off.

And that's putting the women in a position of like, OK, it's OK for me to be treated that way.

And it's also giving assent⁴ to guys that are kind of picking on somebody to get their attention.

CRISTINA QUINN: Program coordinator⁵ Taquari Milton says when he talks to teens, he sees that many of them are confused about what consent really means.

TAQUARI MILTON, Start Strong Boston: Boys like saying, oh, she's playing around because she doesn't want to give it up, like certain comments like that.

It's like, no, she's just not comfortable.

Like, you need to have consent and like actual stuff like that.

CRISTINA QUINN: Alder and Milton visit middle and high schools throughout the city, and in each visit, they address topics ranging from the various forms of abuse to barriers the LGBTQ community faces.

They also explore how rape⁶ accusations⁷ divide a high school through their web series "The Halls."

ACTRESS: She want it, she got it. You don't have to start worrying about me.

CRISTINA QUINN: Nate, a New Mission High sophomore⁸, says he appreciates how candid⁹ the class is and admits he thought he knew more than he did about boundaries.

NATE, Student: I thought I had a strong grasp, but today showed me that I really don't.

You don't always know what consent is.

Like, sometimes, your consent is different from somebody else's consent.

CRISTINA QUINN: These are the takeaways that Jen Slonaker, V.P. of education at Planned Parenthood Massachusetts, is hoping the healthy youth act will further cultivate.

JEN SLONAKER, Planned Parenthood Massachusetts: When young people are given the skills and the information to have healthy relationships, whether it's friendships or relationships with trusted adults early in their life, they are gonna be that much better able to negotiate romantic or sexual relationships later.

CRISTINA QUINN: Last summer, the Senate passed this bill, which mandates¹⁰ all sex education in Massachusetts be age-appropriate and medically accurate.

It's now pending¹¹ in the House. But even without legislation, Jess Alder of Start Strong says the discussions around consent and sexual assault has helped changed students' attitudes over time.

JESS ALDER: What I have noticed most with young people that are able to stay in our program for a handful of years is the direction, that they go from victim blaming to becoming an upstander in the field.

CRISTINA QUINN: Something most agree we could use more of.

For the "PBS NewsHour," I'm Cristina Quinn in Boston.

朱迪·伍德瑞夫：MeToo运动引发了许多关于在家庭、公司和学校场合中，合理行为的讨论。

波士顿PBS分站WGBH的克里斯蒂娜·奎因探访了一所高中，看看那里的学生们正在接受怎样的教育。

这是我们每周系列节目Making the Grade的一部分。

杰丝·阿尔德，波士顿Start Strong：手拉手。好的，脚对脚。

克里斯蒂娜·奎因：海德公园New Mission高中的十年级学生以一个破冰游戏“伙伴对伙伴”开场，这个游戏由杰丝·阿尔德和塔夸里·密尔顿带领大家完成。

杰丝·阿尔德：脑勺对脑勺。鼻子对鼻子。不？

克里斯蒂娜·奎因：这个练习的重点是开始对于边界的讨论并通过肢体语言读懂非语言暗示。

杰丝·阿尔德：有多少人能舒适地完成手拉手？每个人。

这种舒适感从何而来？是什么让大家觉得可以接受？感觉很安全。感觉就像在家里一样。如果我说肚子对肚子呢？

克里斯蒂娜·奎因：杰丝·阿尔德是Start Strong Boston的项目指挥，该项目源自波士顿公共卫生委员会防暴部门。

她说，她和密尔顿利用真实的问题，真实的平台，如MeToo运动，去展开关于健康关系的讨论。

杰丝·阿尔德：这真的很混乱。

如果一个年轻的女孩说一些男孩在学校逗弄她，她的监护人和老师们经常会说，哦，那只是意味着他们喜欢你。

他们只会不以为然。

这就使女性处于这样的地位，好吧，这样对我来说没什么问题。

而且这也纵容了那些招惹他人来引起他们注意的家伙。

克里斯蒂娜·奎因：项目协调员塔夸里·密尔顿说，当他和十几岁的孩子们交谈时，他发现很多人对什么是真正的认同，感到困惑。

塔夸里·密尔顿，Start Strong Boston：男孩喜欢说，哦，她在玩，因为她不想放弃，像这样的评论。

比如，不，她只是不舒服。

比如，你需要赞同，像这样真实的东西。

克里斯蒂娜·奎因：阿尔德和密尔顿对整个城市的初高中进行了探访，每次探访时，他们讨论的话题从各种形式的虐待到LGBTQ社区面临的障碍。

他们还探究强奸指控是如何通过他们的网络系列节目“大厅(The Halls)”来分化一所高中的。

女演员：她想要它，她得到了它。你不必为我担心。

克里斯蒂娜·奎因：纳特是New Mission高中的一名高二学生，他说他欣赏这堂课的坦率，并且承认自己对边界的了解增加了。

纳特，学生：之前我觉得我有很大的把握，但今天的活动告诉我，我真的没有。

你并不总懂得什么是赞同。

有时候，你的赞同不同于别人的赞同。

克里斯蒂娜·奎因：这些都是马萨诸塞州计划生育教育副总裁詹·斯洛内克所希望的，希望健康青年法案能够进一步改善境况。

詹·斯洛内克，马萨诸塞州计划生育：当年轻人获得建立健康关系的技能和信息时，无论是友谊还是与他们在生命早期与成年人建立的信任关系，都有助于他们在未来更好地发展恋爱或是两性关系。

克里斯蒂娜·奎因：去年夏天，参议院通过了这项法案，该法案要求马萨诸塞州所有的性教育都必须适龄并且符合医学上的准确性。

目前该法案在众议院那里仍悬而未决。但即便没有立法，Start Strong的杰丝·阿尔德也表示，日积月累，围绕赞同和性侵犯的讨论已帮助学生们改变了态度。

杰丝·阿尔德：我在那些能够在我们项目中呆上几年的年轻人身上，最明显注意到的就是方向，他们从受害者成为了该领域中的主导。

克里斯蒂娜·奎因：最赞同的东西，我们可以更多利用。

PBS NewsHour，我是克里斯蒂娜·奎因，波士顿报道。

1 alder   

n.赤杨树

参考例句：

• He gave john some alder bark.他给了约翰一些桤木树皮。
• Several coppice plantations have been seeded with poplar,willow,and alder.好几个灌木林场都种上了白杨、柳树和赤杨。

2 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

3 guardians   

监护人( guardian的名词复数 )； 保护者，维护者

参考例句：

• Farmers should be guardians of the countryside. 农民应是乡村的保卫者。
• The police are guardians of law and order. 警察是法律和秩序的护卫者。

4 assent   

v.批准，认可；n.批准，认可

参考例句：

• I cannot assent to what you ask.我不能应允你的要求。
• The new bill passed by Parliament has received Royal Assent.议会所通过的新方案已获国王批准。

5 coordinator   

n.协调人

参考例句：

• The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, headed by the Emergency Relief Coordinator, coordinates all UN emergency relief. 联合国人道主义事务协调厅在紧急救济协调员领导下，负责协调联合国的所有紧急救济工作。
• How am I supposed to find the client-relations coordinator? 我怎么才能找到客户关系协调员的办公室？

6 rape   

n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸

参考例句：

• The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。
• He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。

7 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

8 sophomore   

n.大学二年级生；adj.第二年的

参考例句：

• He is in his sophomore year.他在读二年级。
• I'm a college sophomore majoring in English.我是一名英语专业的大二学生。

9 candid   

adj.公正的，正直的；坦率的

参考例句：

• I cannot but hope the candid reader will give some allowance for it.我只有希望公正的读者多少包涵一些。
• He is quite candid with his friends.他对朋友相当坦诚。

10 mandates   

托管（mandate的第三人称单数形式）

参考例句：

• Individual mandates would require all people to purchase health insurance. 个人托管要求所有人都要购买健康保险。
• While I agree with those benefits, I'm not a supporter of mandates. 我同意上述好处，我不是授权软件的支持者。

11 pending   

prep.直到，等待…期间；adj.待定的；迫近的

参考例句：

• The lawsuit is still pending in the state court.这案子仍在州法庭等待定夺。
• He knew my examination was pending.他知道我就要考试了。