PBS高端访谈:美国考虑禁止进口俄罗斯石油

Well, Russia is one of the world's largest energy producers of both crude oil and natural gas.

俄罗斯是世界上最大的原油和天然气能源生产国之一。

Prices for both commodities have skyrocketed since the war started almost two weeks ago.

两周前战争爆发以来，这两种商品的价格一直在飙升。

And they are in near record territory.

它们的数量接近历史最高纪录。

Europe especially relies on Russia natural gas.

欧洲尤其依赖俄罗斯的天然气。

But now the Biden White House is raising possible new harsh sanctions on this vital sector¹.

但现在，拜登领导的白宫可能对这一至关重要的领域提出新的严厉制裁。

The Biden administration tonight is considering a ban on U.S. imports of Russian crude oil to punish the Kremlin for its invasion of Ukraine and to further isolate² Russian President Vladimir Putin's regime.

今晚，拜登政府正在考虑禁止美国进口俄罗斯原油，以惩罚克里姆林宫入侵乌克兰，并进一步孤立俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京的政权。

Secretary of State Tony Blinken said Sunday the U.S. is actively³ discussing the matter with European allies.

美国国务卿布林肯星期天表示，美国正在与欧洲盟国积极讨论这个问题。

We are now talking to our European allies and partners to look, in a coordinated⁴ way, at the prospect⁵ of banning the import of Russian oil, while making sure that there is still an appropriate supply of oil on world markets.

我们现在正在与我们的欧洲盟友和伙伴进行谈判，以协调一致的方式考虑未来禁止进口俄罗斯石油，同时确保世界市场上仍有适当的石油供应。

President Biden, though, has been reluctant to curb⁶ Russian oil shipments to the U.S. or impose energy sanctions in ways that would reduce supply,

不过，拜登总统一直不愿限制俄罗斯向美国的石油运输，也不愿以减少供应的方式实施能源制裁，

since rising inflation and high gas prices have been key concerns for Democrats⁷ as they try to defend their fragile majorities in the House and the Senate in this midterm election year.

因为不断上升的通胀和高油价一直是民主党人的主要担忧，因为民主党人试图在本次中期选举年捍卫他们在众议院和参议院中脆弱的多数席位。

Across the country, gas prices are nearing all-time highs, hovering⁸ just above $4 a gallon, with the cost of gas having inched up every day since the Russian invasion.

在全国范围内，天然气价格接近历史高点，每加仑略高于4美元，自俄罗斯入侵以来，天然气价格每天都在小幅上涨。

Yesterday, it was $4.29. Now it's $4.39. I don't know what to do about it.

昨天是4.29美元。 现在是4.39美元。 我不知道该怎么办。

The president also risks backlash from environmentalists, who argue the U.S. should not use Russia's Ukraine invasion to expand domestic oil or gas drilling, which some Republicans have been urging.

总统还面临着环保人士的强烈反对，他们认为美国不应该利用俄罗斯入侵乌克兰的事件来扩大国内石油或天然气的开采，而一些共和党人一直在敦促这样做。

Beyond the political considerations, two administration sources say the White House is still assessing whether a U.S. ban would actually hurt the Russian economy, since Russia sends most of its petroleum⁹ products to Europe and Asia.

除了政治方面的考虑，两名政府消息人士说，白宫仍在评估美国的禁令是否会损害俄罗斯经济，因为俄罗斯将其大部分石油产品出口到欧洲和亚洲。

We don't import a lot of Russian oil, but we are looking at options that we can take right now if we were to cut the U.S. consumption of Russian energy.

我们不大量进口俄罗斯石油，但如果我们要减少美国对俄罗斯能源的消耗，我们现在就在寻找我们可以采取的措施。

But what's really most important is we -- that we maintain a steady supply of global energy.

但最重要的是我们——我们要保持全球能源的稳定供应。

Russian oil made up only about 3 percent of all the crude shipments that arrived in the U.S. last year, according to government data.

根据美国政府的数据，俄罗斯的石油仅占美国去年进口原油总量的3%左右。

Some experts caution, a U.S. ban could force other countries to follow suit, sending oil prices soaring round the globe.

一些专家警告说，美国的禁令可能会迫使其他国家效仿，从而导致全球油价飙升。

White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki today said the president is still deliberating.

白宫新闻秘书珍·普萨基今天表示，总统仍在审议中。

Well, no decision has been made at this point by the president about a ban on imports -- a ban on importing oil from Russia.

嗯，总统目前还没有做出关于禁止进口的决定——禁止从俄罗斯进口石油。

What the president is most focused on is ensuring we are continuing to take steps to deliver punishing economic consequences on Putin, while taking all action necessary to limit the impact to prices at the gas pump.

总统最关注的是确保我们继续采取措施，给普京带来惩罚性的经济后果，同时采取一切必要的行动，限制对加油站价格的影响。

German Chancellor¹⁰ Olaf Scholz is among those pushing back against blocking Russian energy exports, saying today in a statement:

德国总理奥拉夫·肖尔茨是反对阻止俄罗斯能源出口的人之一，他今天在一份声明中表示:

"At the moment, Europe's supply of energy for heat generation, mobility¹¹, power supply and industry cannot be secured in any other way.

“目前，欧洲用于供热、移动、供电和工业的能源供应无法以任何其他方式获得保障。

It is therefore of essential importance for the provision of public services and the daily lives of our citizens."

因此，这对提供公共服务和公民的日常生活至关重要。”

The U.S. oil industry, for its part, has come out in support of a ban on Russian oil imports.

而美国石油行业则表示支持禁止进口俄罗斯石油。

U.S. refiners say they have already started relying less on Russian supply.

美国炼油商表示，他们已经开始减少对俄罗斯供应的依赖。

Meantime, as President Biden announced in his State of the Union address, he is releasing 30 million barrels of oil from U.S. Strategic Reserves, part of a global effort to ease oil supplies amid the Ukraine war, as the White House weighs whether to impose a total ban on Russian oil.

与此同时，正如拜登总统在国情咨文中宣布的那样，他将从美国战略储备中释放3000万桶石油，这是在乌克兰战争期间缓解石油供应的全球努力的一部分，因为白宫正在权衡是否对俄罗斯石油实施全面禁令。

For the "PBS NewsHour," I'm Geoff Bennett.

这是PBS新闻一小时，我是杰夫·班尼特。

1 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

2 isolate   

vt.使孤立，隔离

参考例句：

• Do not isolate yourself from others.不要把自己孤立起来。
• We should never isolate ourselves from the masses.我们永远不能脱离群众。

3 actively   

adv.积极地，勤奋地

参考例句：

• During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
• We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。

4 coordinated   

adj.协调的

参考例句：

• The sound has to be coordinated with the picture. 声音必须和画面协调一致。
• The numerous existing statutes are complicated and poorly coordinated. 目前繁多的法令既十分复杂又缺乏快调。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

5 prospect   

n.前景，前途；景色，视野

参考例句：

• This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
• The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。

6 curb   

n.场外证券市场，场外交易；vt.制止，抑制

参考例句：

• I could not curb my anger.我按捺不住我的愤怒。
• You must curb your daughter when you are in church.你在教堂时必须管住你的女儿。

7 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 hovering   

鸟( hover的现在分词 )； 靠近（某事物）； （人）徘徊； 犹豫

参考例句：

• The helicopter was hovering about 100 metres above the pad. 直升机在离发射台一百米的上空盘旋。
• I'm hovering between the concert and the play tonight. 我犹豫不决今晚是听音乐会还是看戏。

9 petroleum   

n.原油，石油

参考例句：

• The Government of Iran advanced the price of petroleum last week.上星期伊朗政府提高了石油价格。
• The purpose of oil refinery is to refine crude petroleum.炼油厂的主要工作是提炼原油。

10 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

11 mobility   

n.可动性，变动性，情感不定

参考例句：

• The difference in regional house prices acts as an obstacle to mobility of labour.不同地区房价的差异阻碍了劳动力的流动。
• Mobility is very important in guerrilla warfare.机动性在游击战中至关重要。