PBS高端访谈:密苏里州一所学校虐待美原住民孩子

For the first time, the U.S. government released a report this month detailing the abuse and mistreatment of native children who were forcibly sent to boarding schools in the 1800s.

美国政府本月首次发布了一份报告，详细描述了19世纪被强制送到寄宿学校的原住民儿童遭受的虐待。

Our St. Louis Community reporter, Gabrielle Hays has been reporting on one school in Missouri, that fits into this painful history.

我们本台的圣路易斯社区记者加布里埃尔·海斯报道了密苏里州的一所学校，这所学校与这段痛苦的历史相对应。

And Gabrielle joins us now.

加布里埃尔现在加入我们的采访。

So tell us more about this boarding school, the St. Regis Seminary opened in 1824.

告诉我们更多关于这所寄宿学校的事情，圣瑞吉神学院成立于1824年。

What did your reporting uncover?

你的报道揭露了什么?

Yeah, so we learned at this school, as you said, opened in 1824. And it later closed in 1831.

我们在这所学校学习，就像你说的，建于1824年。 后来在1831年关闭。

So it wasn't open for that long.

所以这所学校没开多久。

Well, we do know is that, you know, what was promised, the idea from the beginning was that these schools were, "going to provide an education."

嗯，我们所知道的是，你知道，从一开始就承诺的想法是，这些学校正在“提供教育”。

But the research shows what's reflected in this report from the Department of Interior, which is that that wasn't that the case that these children were specifically at St. Regis worked long hours in fields, they did manual labor¹.

但这项研究表明，内政部的这份最新报告反映了这一点，事实并非如此，圣瑞吉神学院的这些儿童专门在田里长时间工作，他们从事体力劳动。

And now also, many of them were also abused physically², violence.

现在，他们中的许多人也受到了身体上的虐待和暴力。

There was violence in these schools, and then one here, Missouri.

这些学校存在暴力行为，然后是密苏里州的一所学校也是如此。

So we kind of work to piece together what happened in those seven years, as much as we could, and for the most part from letters.

所以我们努力把这七年里发生的事情拼凑在一起，尽我们所能，大部分是通过信件收集的。

And this was a Jesuit school.

这是一所耶稣会学校。

So how have the Jesuits responded?

那么，耶稣会教派是如何回应的呢？

And how are they reconciling with their past?

他们是如何与自己的过去和解的？

Yeah, so it was the Society of Jesus, that open this school, and they actually opened more than one across the parts of the country.

是的，开设这所学校的是耶稣基督协会，他们实际上在这个国家的部分地区开设了不止一所学校。

And so we've been in communication with the Jesuits.

因此，我们一直在与耶稣会成员保持沟通。

And we know that they released a statement, I believe, last year, kind of acknowledging what happened at these schools.

我们知道，他们去年发表了一份声明，我相信，有点像是承认在这些学校发生的事情。

But recently, more recently, I believe in January, they brought in a researcher that's going to be based here in St. Louis.

但最近，我认为是在1月份，他们引进了一名研究人员，这名研究人员将常驻圣路易斯。

And that person is supposed to take a look at the history, the Jesuits involvement and kind of piece together that story.

那个人应该会回顾一下历史，耶稣会的参与，把那个故事拼凑在一起。

So we've worked with them in some of that work,

因此，我们在这项工作的某些方面与他们合作，

but it will be important to see what they are able to uncover and sort of release

但重要的是看看他们能够发现什么，并发布一些东西，

because we were able to piece together the story through records and things that they kept.

因为我们能够通过他们保存的记录和东西拼凑出故事。

And so we're waiting to kind of see what else they have and what else we can learn.

因此，我们正在等待，看看他们还有什么其他东西，我们还可以了解到什么。

So put this into the larger context for us, because the Department of the Interior, as you will know, it says Native American children are forced into assimilation at 408 boarding schools, federal boarding schools in the 19th and 20th centuries.

让我们把这件事放在更大的背景下，因为内政部，如你所知，该组织表示美国原住民儿童在19世纪和20世纪的408所寄宿学校、联邦寄宿学校和学校被迫同化。

Yeah. And I think it's important also to note, that report makes it clear that there are 408 that they have included, but that number could possibly grow.

嗯。我认为重要的是要注意到，这份报告明确表示，他们已经包括了大约408个人，但这个数字可能会增加。

And so I think that that's important.

所以我认为这很重要。

You know, in reading that report, it was so striking because so many of the things that we were able to uncover,

在阅读那份报告时，这并不是那么引人注目，因为有太多的事情是我们能够发现的，

whether it was assimilation tactics, or the promises that were made or the experience of the children, or some of the language that that was used in these letters to justify³ what happened at the schools.

无论是同化策略，还是我们做出的承诺，还是孩子们的经历，还是这些信件中使用的一些语言，都能证明在这些学校发生的事情。

We could see the reading that letter, reading that report that would happen in St. Louis, would happen in Florissant.

我们可以看到，在阅读发生在圣路易斯的那份信件、那份报告后，这也可能会发生在弗洛里桑特。

It wasn't just our story, it was a story that happened across several states.

这不仅是我们的故事，也是一个发生在几个州的故事。

And so it's -- St Louis has a chapter but it's a much bigger story.

所以--圣路易斯拥有一个更大的章节，但它是一个更大的故事。

Our St. Louis Community Reporter Gabrielle Hays.

我们本台的圣路易斯社区记者加布里埃尔·海斯带来报道。

Gabby, thanks so much for being with us.

加比，非常感谢你为我们带来采访。

Thank you.

谢谢。

And you can read Gabrielle's full story, her brilliant reporting on our website pbs.org/news hour.

你还可以在我们的网站pbs.org/News Hour上阅读加布里埃尔报道的完整故事以及她精彩的报道。

1 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

2 physically   

adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律

参考例句：

• He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服，心绪也很乱。
• Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。

3 justify   

vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护

参考例句：

• He tried to justify his absence with lame excuses.他想用站不住脚的借口为自己的缺席辩解。
• Can you justify your rude behavior to me?你能向我证明你的粗野行为是有道理的吗？