万物简史 第18期:如何营造一个宇宙(10)

 　　What is extraordinary from our point of view is how well it turned out for us. If the universe had formed just a tiny bit differently—if gravity were fractionally stronger or weaker, if the expansion had proceeded just a little more slowly or swiftly—then there might never have been stable elements to make you and me and the ground we stand on. Had gravity been a trifle stronger, the universe itself might have collapsed¹ like a badly erected² tent, without precisely³ the right values to give it the right dimensions and density⁴ and component⁵ parts. Had it been weaker, however, nothing would have coalesced⁶. The universe would have remained forever a dull, scattered⁷ void.

　　从我们的角度来看，令人不可思议的是，这个结果对我们来说是那么完美。只要宇宙的形式稍稍不同--只要引力稍稍强一点或弱一点，只要膨胀稍稍慢一点或快一点--那么，也许就永远不会有稳定的元素来制造你和我，制造我们脚底下的地面。只要引力稍稍强一点，宇宙本身会像个没有支好的帐篷那样塌下来，也就没有恰到好处的值来赋予自己必要的大小、密度和组成部分。然而，要是弱了一点，什么东西也不会聚集在一起。宇宙会永远是单调、分散、虚空的。

　　This is one reason that some experts believe there may have been many other big bangs, perhaps trillions and trillions of them, spread through the mighty⁸ span of eternity⁹, and that the reason we exist in this particular one is that this is one we could exist in. As Edward P. Tryon of Columbia University once put it: "In answer to the question of why it happened, I offer the modest proposal that our Universe is simply one of those things which happen from time to time." To which adds Guth: "Although the creation of a universe might be very unlikely, Tryon emphasized that no one had counted the failed attempts."有的专家之所以认为也许有好多别的大爆炸，也许有几万亿次大爆炸，分布在无穷无尽的永恒里，这就是原因之一；我们之所以存在于这个特定的宇宙，是因为这个宇宙适合于我们的存在。正如哥伦比亚大学的爱德华?P.特赖恩所说："要回答它为什么产生了，我的敝见是，我们的宇宙只是那些不时产生的东西之一。"对此，古思补充说："虽然创建一个宇宙不大可能，但特赖恩强调说，谁也没有统计过失败的次数。"

1 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。

2 ERECTED   

adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立

参考例句：

• A monument to him was erected in St Paul's Cathedral. 在圣保罗大教堂为他修了一座纪念碑。
• A monument was erected to the memory of that great scientist. 树立了一块纪念碑纪念那位伟大的科学家。

3 precisely   

adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地

参考例句：

• It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
• The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。

4 density   

n.密集，密度，浓度

参考例句：

• The population density of that country is 685 per square mile.那个国家的人口密度为每平方英里685人。
• The region has a very high population density.该地区的人口密度很高。

5 component   

n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的

参考例句：

• Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
• Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

6 coalesced   

v.联合，合并( coalesce的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The puddles had coalesced into a small stream. 地面上水洼子里的水汇流成了一条小溪。
• The views of party leaders coalesced to form a coherent policy. 党的领导人的各种观点已统一为一致的政策。 来自辞典例句

7 scattered   

adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的

参考例句：

• Gathering up his scattered papers,he pushed them into his case.他把散乱的文件收拾起来，塞进文件夹里。

8 mighty   

adj.强有力的；巨大的

参考例句：

• A mighty force was about to break loose.一股巨大的力量即将迸发而出。
• The mighty iceberg came into view.巨大的冰山出现在眼前。

9 eternity   

n.不朽，来世；永恒，无穷

参考例句：

• The dull play seemed to last an eternity.这场乏味的剧似乎演个没完没了。
• Finally,Ying Tai and Shan Bo could be together for all of eternity.英台和山伯终能双宿双飞，永世相随。