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美国希望国际联手打击“伊斯兰国”

U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry is leading diplomatic efforts to build an international coalition¹ against Islamic State militants² responsible for killing³ civilians⁴ across Syria and Iraq.

美国国务卿克里正在主导在国际间构建同盟，共同打击“伊斯兰国”恐怖组织。该恐怖组织在叙利亚和伊拉克境内杀死了大批平民。

Washington is working to push beyond airstrikes against Islamic State fighters in Iraq to a broader coalition against the Syria-based militants.

美国在发动空袭的同时，与其他国家一道，联合抗击总部设在叙利亚的“伊斯兰国”恐怖组织。

Speaking in Estonia on his way to a NATO summit in Wales, President Obama said a coalition to take on Islamic State, also known as ISIS, is complicated by the power vacuum in Syria.

奥巴马总统前往威尔士参加北约组织峰会途中在爱沙尼亚停留期间表示，要构建抗击“伊斯兰国”恐怖组织的国际同盟，困难之一是目前叙利亚境内没有一个合法政府。

"It is going to take time for us to be able to form the regional coalition that is going to be required so we can reach out to Sunni tribes in some of the areas that ISIS is occupying. And to make sure that we have allies on the ground, in combination with the air strikes we have already conducted. So, the bottom line is this - our objective is clear and that is to degrade and destroy ISIL so it is no longer a threat," said Obama.

奥巴马说： “构建区域间的同盟，同‘伊斯兰国’恐怖组织控制下的一些地方的逊尼派部落联络，在空袭之外、保证在当地有同盟，这些都需要时间。因此说，最基本的一条是，我们的目标非常明确，就是要摧毁‘伊斯兰国’这一恐怖组织，使之不再构成威胁。”

Such a coalition will include partners contributing in a variety of ways, says analyst⁶ Nora Bensahel of the Center for a New American Security.

美国一位分析人士说，国际间的同盟将包括具有不同“专长”的伙伴。

"The United States is working very hard right now to try to build a coalition of countries that has like-minded interests about ISIS, to try to strengthen diplomatic efforts against the group, potentially economic efforts, financial sanctions and other things, sharing of intelligence, I'm sure, and potentially even bringing some of those states into a coalition to conduct airstrikes," said Bensahel.

“新型美国安全”智库的研究员班萨黑尔说:“美国方面现在非常努力想要同其他对‘伊斯兰国’恐怖组织有同样想法的国家构建同盟关系，同时在外交上加强运作，有可能还包括经济领域的措施、金融制裁和其他一些措施、分享情报信息，甚至有可能和其他一些国家一道，对这一组织展开空袭。”

All of which, added she, must be coordinated⁷ with Iraqi forces confronting ISIS on the ground.

所有这些，她说，都需要美国和伊拉克政府主导的武装力量协作进行。

"Ultimately the only forces that are going to be able to roll back ISIS in any time frame are local forces, and that's why you're seeing efforts to train and advise. That's what the United States is doing," said Bensahel.

“最终，在一定时间内，能够将‘伊斯兰国’这一恐怖组织击退的，将是伊拉克境内的武装力量；这也正是美方在当地努力进行培训和指导的原因。”

Those Iraqi forces will answer to a new government in Baghdad that is backed by Iran, which also opposes the Islamic State.

伊拉克新组建的政府得到伊朗支持的，伊朗也反对“伊斯兰国”这一组织。

But Tehran and Washington sharing a common enemy could complicate⁵ a broader coalition, said former U.S. ambassador to Iraq Ryan Crocker.

不过，美国前驻伊拉克大使克罗克指出，美国和伊朗之间在这个问题上展开合作，也有它的弊病。

"We’re at an extremely delicate time throughout the region as the Iraqis struggle to form a government that needs to be inclusive enough that it will bring Sunnis back into the process…. I think any overt⁸ cooperation between Iran and the United States could create far more problems than it solves," said Crocker.

克罗克大使说：“目前，该地区的局势非常敏感，伊拉克正在努力组建一个具有包容性的政府，包括让逊尼派也参与到政治进程中来。在我看来，伊朗和美国之间任何明显的合作都有可能让局势变得更为复杂、而不是更为清晰。”

An active role for Iran also may unsettle Saudi Arabia and Egypt, both important members of a coalition against the Islamic State, says American University professor Akbar Ahmed, especially as Washington needs more than military might.

华盛顿美利坚大学的教授阿赫麦德说，美国如果和伊朗扩大合作，美国在中东地区的重要盟友沙特阿拉伯和埃及有可能不满，而美国在当地需要的，不仅仅是军事上的强势。

"The atrocious behavior, the beheadings, the treatment of minorities, the treatment of Christians⁹ and so on - this has to be effectively checked. But if the United States thinks it can be checked simply by dropping a couple of bombs and using some missiles, I don't think that's going to happen," said Ahmed.

阿赫麦德教授说：“‘伊斯兰国’恐怖组织所进行的那些恶行 – 对绑架人士斩首、对待少数族裔的方式、对待基督徒的方式等等，都必须要有效地来制衡。但是假如美国方面以为只要是扔几颗炸弹、发射几枚导弹就能解决问题，那就错了。”

He added that the Obama administration must be careful not to make the same mistakes that he says the United States made in the war against Saddam Hussein, leading to disaffected¹⁰ Iraqi Sunni militants who helped found the Islamic State.

阿赫麦德教授说，奥巴马总统领导下的美国政府一定要谨慎行事，避免美国在推翻萨达姆.侯赛因的过程中所犯下的错误，那些错误导致伊拉克逊尼派激进分子不满，他们帮助建立了伊斯兰国组织。