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奥巴马预算案增加防务开支近15%

President Barack Obama's $4 trillion budget includes $585 billion to sustain his national security and defense¹ strategies. That's nearly 15 percent of the overall budget, and a request of $25 billion more than last year's enacted² defense budget.

美国总统奥巴马提出的4万亿美元预算方案中有5,850亿美元用于维持他的国家安全与防务战略，占整个预算将近百分之15，比他去年提的防务预算增加至少250亿美元。

Protecting the United States and its interests is an expensive undertaking³, to the tune⁴ of $534 billion for a defense base budget and an additional $51 billion to cover overseas war funds.

保卫美国及美国利益是一项昂贵的工作。防务预算为5,340亿美元，外加510亿美元的海外战争拨款。

Obama has called on Congress to approve his budget in its entirety.

奥巴马总统要求国会批准他的整个预算提案。

“This is one of our most basic and most important responsibilities as a government, so I am calling on Congress to get this done,” said Obama.

他说：“这是政府一项最基本、最重要的责任，我要求国会完成批准预算案的工作。”

The political problem is that this $585 billion request is much higher than the $499 billion spending cap Congress set in 2011.

一个政治难题是这项5,850亿美元的预算大大超出国会2011年设定的4,990亿美元的支出上限。

Ryan Crotty, deputy director for Defense Budget Analysis at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, thinks the 2016 defense budget proposal is meant to correct for a few years of insufficient⁵ funding.

战略与国际研究中心国防预算分析副主任瑞安·科罗蒂在谈到2016年国防预算时说.

“Acting on what I think seems to be a broad consensus⁶ in both chambers⁷ and the executive that defense spending as it has been in the last couple of years is too low,” said Crotty.

“国会和总统看来有一个广泛的共识，都认为最近两年防务开支太低。”

Too low given the current global threat environment. The funding includes more than $5 billion to counter Islamic State operations, through airstrikes and the training of Iraqi forces and moderate Syrian rebels.

从目前全球威胁的角度来看，是太低。这笔预算资金中至少50亿美元用于打击伊斯兰国，包括空袭行动和训练伊拉克军队以及叙利亚温派反政府武装。

It also includes about $800 million for a European Reassurance⁸ Initiative, which funds training exercises with allies in Europe amid Russian aggression⁹ in Ukraine.

防务预算中还包括大约8亿美元“欧洲保障计划”资金，用于跟欧洲盟国的训练演习。在欧洲，俄罗斯对乌克兰采取了侵略性行动。

And while the U.S. has completed its combat mission in Afghanistan, there are still billions in the budget to continue the support mission.

美国已经完成了在阿富汗的作战任务，但是预算中仍然包括几十亿美元用于阿富汗继续进行的支持使命。

“The drawdown, we’re talking about the boots on the ground, is not a linear drawdown for dollars. Even though our troops are inside the wire doing train, advise and assist and helping¹⁰ them build their force, we’re still out there trying to make sure those troops in the garrison¹¹ are safe,” said Lt. Gen. Mark Ramsay, Director of Force Structure, Resources and Assesment on the Pentagon's joint¹² staff.

美国参谋长联席会议负责军队结构的马克·拉姆齐将军说： “结束作战任务而减少部队并不会完全按比例减少花费。即使我们的部队只是提供顾问，帮助他们建设自己的军队，我们仍然要确保那里的军人是安全的。”

The Navy would receive a lot of the proposed budget increase, with billions of dollars for new ships to help bolster¹³ a shift to the Pacific region.

防务预算案中增加的一大部分拨给海军，数十亿美元用于建造新的舰船，帮助加速战略重心向太平洋地区转移。

Pentagon officials explain the majority of the budget is for investing in the future.

五角大楼官员解释说，大部分防务预算着眼于未来。

“We have three years of built-up demand on modernization¹⁴ that we haven’t been able to get to,” said Undersecretary of Defense Bob Work.

国防部副部长鲍伯·沃克说：“我们的现代化建设要求提出了三年，但是至今我们仍无法做到。”

“If we don’t do that today, we’re not going to stay ahead of our potential adversaries,” said Ramsay.

马克·拉姆齐将军说：“我们如果现在不做，就将无法继续领先我们的潜在对手。”

In addition to new air and sea equipment, these investments include maintenance on nuclear facilities and advancements¹⁵ in cyber security.

除了为空军和海军添置新装备，新增加的军费还包括核设施维修和网络安全升级。