英国卫报:一万亿美元能治愈所有疾病吗?(5)

By the middle of 2020, when there were more than 2.5 million coronavirus cases in the US, and when numbers were growing at an alarming rate, Cuba had reported just 2,448 cases in a population of 11.3 million.

到2020年年中，当美国的新冠病毒感染病例超过了250万例并以惊人的速度增长时，古巴1130万人口中仅报告了2448例病例。

One reason for their success in controlling the outbreak is likely to be the country's strong healthcare system.

他们成功控制疫情的一个原因可能是该国强大的医疗体系。

Cuba has 8.19 doctors per 1,000 patients, which is the highest ratio in the world.

古巴每1000名病人中就有8.19名医生，这一比例为世界最高。

A trillion dollars isn't enough to change the world's healthcare system, so here's an idea.

一万亿美元不足以改变整个世界的医疗体系，所以我有个想法。

We allocate¹ some of our money to setting up a system of universal healthcare in one country.

咱们拨出一部分钱在一个国家建立全民医疗保健系统。

This country becomes a flagship, an advert² to other countries of the benefits of universal healthcare.

等这个国家变成精英后再向其他国家宣传全民医保的好处。

I want to choose a large country, so that the transformation³ is both a challenge and a beacon⁴.

我想选择一个大国，这样的转型既是挑战，也是灯塔(指路明灯)。

Take Ethiopia, for example. With a population of 100 million, Ethiopia has a large economy but only about three doctors per 100,000 people.

以埃塞俄比亚为例。埃塞俄比亚有1亿人口，经济规模很大，但每10万人中却只有3名医生。

Maternal⁵ and child mortality is relatively⁶ high, mainly because most births take place in homes, without the presence of a trained modern midwife.

产妇和儿童的死亡率相对较高，主要是因为大多数分娩都是在家里进行的，没有受过训练的现代助产士的帮助。

Poor sanitation⁷ and inadequate⁸ nutrition exacerbate⁹ health problems.

卫生条件差和营养不足加剧了健康问题。

If we helped transform Ethiopia's healthcare system, of the many benefits, one would be that trained professional medics would be more inclined to stay in the country rather than emigrate.

如果我们帮助改变埃塞俄比亚的医疗保健系统，在众多好处中，其中之一就是训练有素的专业医疗人员将更倾向于留在该国而不是移民他国。

We'll need to look at and learn from other places, including Indonesia, with its ambitious attempt to introduce a system of universal healthcare, Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional, which by 2019 covered 221 million people, or 83% of the population.

我们需要借鉴其他国家的经验，包括印度尼西亚，该国尝试引入全民医保体系——Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional，且雄心勃勃。该体系到2019年为止覆盖了2.21亿人，占其总人口的83%。

So there's some of our money to be spent on a demonstration¹⁰ of universal healthcare. Another good chunk¹¹ should go to vaccines¹³, both development and deployment¹⁴.

所以我们可以把一部分钱花在全民医保的示范国上，另外一大部分应该用于疫苗的开发和部署。

If this wasn't considered much of a priority before the coronavirus crisis, it is now.

如果说在新冠病毒危机出现之前这还不是一个优先事项，那么现在已经是了。

We all understand only too well now that the development, testing and equitable¹⁵ distribution of a vaccine¹² is a huge and costly¹⁶ undertaking¹⁷, with results that are far from guaranteed.

我们大家现在都非常清楚，疫苗的开发、测试和公平分配是一项巨大且昂贵的工作，其结果远远不能得到保证。

1 allocate   

vt.分配，分派；把…拨给；把…划归

参考例句：

• You must allocate the money carefully.你们必须谨慎地分配钱。
• They will allocate fund for housing.他们将拨出经费建房。

2 advert   

vi.注意，留意，言及；n.广告

参考例句：

• The advert featured a dolphin swimming around a goldfish bowl.该广告的內容为一条在金鱼缸里游动的海豚。
• Please advert to the contents below.I believe you won't be disappointed.敬请留意后面的内容。相信您一定不会失望的。

3 transformation   

n.变化；改造；转变

参考例句：

• Going to college brought about a dramatic transformation in her outlook.上大学使她的观念发生了巨大的变化。
• He was struggling to make the transformation from single man to responsible husband.他正在努力使自己由单身汉变为可靠的丈夫。

4 beacon   

n.烽火，（警告用的）闪火灯，灯塔

参考例句：

• The blink of beacon could be seen for miles.灯塔的光亮在数英里之外都能看见。
• The only light over the deep black sea was the blink shone from the beacon.黑黢黢的海面上唯一的光明就只有灯塔上闪现的亮光了。

5 maternal   

adj.母亲的，母亲般的，母系的，母方的

参考例句：

• He is my maternal uncle.他是我舅舅。
• The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts.那个绝望的小男孩的模样唤起了她的母性。

6 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

7 sanitation   

n.公共卫生，环境卫生，卫生设备

参考例句：

• The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看，这个地段非常糟糕。
• Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。

8 inadequate   

adj.(for,to)不充足的，不适当的

参考例句：

• The supply is inadequate to meet the demand.供不应求。
• She was inadequate to the demands that were made on her.她还无力满足对她提出的各项要求。

9 exacerbate   

v.恶化，增剧，激怒，使加剧

参考例句：

• WMO says a warming climate can exacerbate air pollution.世界气象组织说，气候变暖可能会加剧空气污染。
• In fact efforts will merely exacerbate the current problem.实际上努力只会加剧当前的问题。

10 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

11 chunk   

n.厚片，大块，相当大的部分（数量）

参考例句：

• They had to be careful of floating chunks of ice.他们必须当心大块浮冰。
• The company owns a chunk of farmland near Gatwick Airport.该公司拥有盖特威克机场周边的大片农田。

12 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

13 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

14 deployment   

n. 部署,展开

参考例句：

• He has inquired out the deployment of the enemy troops. 他已查出敌军的兵力部署情况。
• Quality function deployment (QFD) is a widely used customer-driven quality, design and manufacturing management tool. 质量功能展开(quality function deployment,QFD)是一个广泛应用的顾客需求驱动的设计、制造和质量管理工具。

15 equitable   

adj.公平的；公正的

参考例句：

• This is an equitable solution to the dispute. 这是对该项争议的公正解决。
• Paying a person what he has earned is equitable. 酬其应得,乃公平之事。

16 costly   

adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的

参考例句：

• It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
• This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用，左不过贵了些。

17 undertaking   

n.保证，许诺，事业

参考例句：

• He gave her an undertaking that he would pay the money back with in a year.他向她做了一年内还钱的保证。
• He is too timid to venture upon an undertaking.他太胆小，不敢从事任何事业。