英国卫报:一万亿美元能治愈所有疾病吗?(8)

It sounds like a lot of money, but it will pay for itself when we are able to facilitate the return to a normal kind of working life and economy.

听起来像是一大笔钱，但当我们能够帮助他们恢复正常的工作生活和经济时，这笔钱就会自成体系。

Our investment would support Cepi's mission to provide successful vaccines² fairly and affordably.

我们的投资将支持Cepi的使命，以公平和可负担的价格提供成功的疫苗。

We can help boost vaccination³ rates around the world, but we can also change the dial at a basic, research level.

我们可以帮助提高全世界的疫苗接种率，但我们也可以在基础的研究水平上改变形势。

The development of vaccines is still largely based on a 200-year-old technology, and we have vaccines for fewer than 30 diseases.

疫苗的发展在很大程度上仍然基于一种有200年历史的技术，我们只有不到30种疾病的疫苗。

As well as Covid-19, effective vaccines against HIV, malaria⁴ and TB would be transformational.

除了新冠疫苗，有效的艾滋病毒、疟疾和结核病疫苗将具有革命性意义。

Then there are the emerging infectious diseases that have been identified just since the 1940s - more than 320 of them.

然后是自20世纪40年代以来确诊的新出现的传染病--超过320种。

We will fund new approaches to vaccine¹ development, including RNA and DNA⁵ vaccines.

我们将资助疫苗开发的新方法，包括RNA和DNA疫苗。

These contain the genetic⁶ instructions to make proteins found on the surface of a disease-causing viral or bacterial⁷ cell.

这些基因含有制造致病病毒或细菌细胞表面蛋白质的遗传指令。

When the body is given the genetic vaccine, its cells read the instructions and make these proteins.

当人体注射了这种基因疫苗后，细胞会读取指令并制造这些蛋白质。

This stimulates⁸ the immune system to mount a response, so provides protection if the real pathogen is ever encountered.

这会刺激免疫系统产生反应，从而在遇到真正的病原体时提供保护。

The Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna vaccines are both RNA vaccines.

辉瑞/BioNTech和Moderna疫苗都是RNA疫苗。

If we can create a universal flu vaccine, we would be protected from what is still one of the greatest health threats to our species: the emergence⁹ of a flu pandemic.

如果我们能研制出一种通用流感疫苗，我们就能免受流感大流行这一人类面临的最大的健康威胁。

It's the thing we were worried about when coronavirus came along, and perhaps the fact that Covid-19 was caused by a coronavirus and not an influenza¹⁰ virus is what wrongfooted the response of some governments.

这是我们在冠状病毒出现时所担心的问题，也许正是“新冠肺炎是由冠状病毒而不是流感病毒引起的”这一事实让一些政府措手不及。

The development of a universal flu vaccine is therefore vital, and would help counter the rise of antimicrobial resistance.

因此，开发一种通用型流感疫苗至关重要，这将有助于对抗抗菌素耐药性的上升。

The evolution of superbugs immune to treatment, the problem of antibiotic¹¹ resistance, is another item on the WHO threat list.

对治疗免疫的超级细菌的进化，抗生素耐药性问题，是世卫组织威胁清单上的另一个项目。

Each year more than 1.5 million people die because the thing infecting them is resistant¹². It's a problem that could easily escalate¹³.

每年有超过150万人死于感染他们的病菌的抗药性，这是个很容易升级的问题。

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

3 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

4 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。

5 DNA   

(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸

参考例句：

• DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
• Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。

6 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

7 bacterial   

a.细菌的

参考例句：

• Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间，细菌繁殖加快了。
• Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。

8 stimulates   

v.刺激( stimulate的第三人称单数 )；激励；使兴奋；起兴奋作用，起刺激作用，起促进作用

参考例句：

• Exercise stimulates the body. 运动促进身体健康。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Alcohol stimulates the action of the heart. 酒刺激心脏的活动。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

9 emergence   

n.浮现，显现，出现，（植物）突出体

参考例句：

• The last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy.最近10年见证了经济增长的姿态。
• Language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society.语言是随着社会的产生而产生，随着社会的发展而发展的。

10 influenza   

n.流行性感冒，流感

参考例句：

• They took steps to prevent the spread of influenza.他们采取措施
• Influenza is an infectious disease.流感是一种传染病。

11 antibiotic   

adj.抗菌的；n.抗生素

参考例句：

• The doctor said that I should take some antibiotic.医生说我应该服些用抗生素。
• Antibiotic can be used against infection.抗菌素可以用来防止感染。

12 resistant   

adj.(to)抵抗的，有抵抗力的

参考例句：

• Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
• They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。

13 escalate   

v.(使)逐步增长(或发展)，(使)逐步升级

参考例句：

• It would tempt Israel's neighbors to escalate their demands.它将诱使以色列的邻国不断把他们的要求升级。
• Defeat could cause one side or other to escalate the conflict.失败可能会导致其中一方将冲突升级。