英国新闻听力 包容并尊重不同宗教信仰

Good morning. Remember, remember the fifth of November. Gunpowder¹, treason, and plot.

In the nineteenth century the English religious imagination was kept in balance by the celebration of two annual festivals. On 30 January, the feast of Charles I, king and martyr², people rejoiced that England never became narrowly Protestant. Today, on 5 November, the day of Guy Fawkes’ foiled gunpowder plot, people gave thanks that England was never overrun by Roman Catholics. This was the Anglican balance: to emerge from 150 years of religious conflict with a compromise that avoided the extremes on both sides.

Today, the celebration of 30 January is rare; and the festivities around 5 November have blended with the trick-or-treat traditions of Hallowe’en. The truth is, the British have largely succeeded in domesticating³ Catholicism and privatising Protestantism so they both appear equally harmless. Unfortunately that doesn’t mean religious antagonism⁴ and bigotry⁵ have disappeared.

For too long, people of faith have found it hard to do two things simultaneously⁶. They’ve struggled to hold religious convictions deeply, and yet, at the same time, to recognise the right of others to believe differently. The 1605 gunpowder plot was all about holding religious convictions deeply, to the point of blowing up Parliament and seizing political power. But it abides⁷ as an example of profound intolerance to those who believe differently – an intolerance that frequently led to the ghastly spectacle of people going to war for the sake of religion. Such travesties⁸ gave religion a bad name from which it’s never fully⁹ recovered.

Today people of faith in this country are generally better than their forebears at recognising the right of others to believe differently. We applaud individual rights and freedoms. The trouble is, we’ve rather lost the appetite for profound religious convictions. As a result our culture finds it easy to talk about instrumental goods, about the right to work, to be left alone, to be treated decently, to be given a chance in life; but we find it hard to speak publicly about ultimate goods, about our true nature and destiny, about truth, purpose and meaning. Religion’s role in the public square is to stimulate¹⁰ this conversation – but it can’t insist on having the last word.

In one place in the gospels Jesus says, ‘If you’re not with me, you’re against me.’ In another place he says ‘If you’re not against me, you’re with me.’ It’s a paradox¹¹ that expresses the same balance. If people of faith want respect they have to allow others to believe differently or not at all, and learn from, not blow up, the stranger. Looking to God and cherishing your neighbour shouldn’t be opposites. The challenge is to be equally proficient¹² at both.

早上好。要记住，记住11月5日。火药、叛逆与密谋。

19世纪，两个一年一度的节日使英国的宗教信仰状况基本保持平衡。1月30日，查理一世节——他是一位国王，也是一位殉道者，人们庆祝英格兰没有变成狭隘的新教徒的土地。今天，11月5日，盖伊·福克斯的火药阴谋遭到挫败，人们感谢英格兰没有被罗马天主教徒占领。这就是圣公会平衡：脱离150年的宗教冲突，达成妥协，双方都避免极端行为。

今天，1月30日的庆祝活动已经非常罕见。11月5日的庆祝也混合了万圣节的“不给糖就捣乱”传统。事实真相是，英国人很大程度上已经成功驯化了天主教和新教，所以两者能够和平共处。不幸的是，这并不意味着宗教对抗和偏执已经消失。

很长时间以来，有信仰的人们发现同时做到两件事情很困难。他们努力深刻地保持宗教信仰，然而，同时，要认识到别人有权拥有不同的信仰。1605年的火药阴谋就是因为宗教信仰不同，以至于炸毁议会，夺取政治权利。但是这是难以容忍不同宗教信仰的例子——这种不容忍经常导致大规模的人们以宗教的名义发动战争。这样的悲剧导致宗教背负了永远难以完全摆脱的不良名声。

今天，这个国家有信仰的人们在认可他人有权持有不同信仰方面做得比祖先更好。我们尊重个人的权利和自由。问题是，我们也失去了对宗教信仰深切的渴望。结果，我们的文化发现很容易探讨工具性货物，工作，独处，被善待，获得机会工作的权利。但是我们很难公开讲述终极货物，我们的本性和命运，真相，目的和意义。宗教在公共广场中的作用就是激励对话，但是却没有最终话语权。

耶稣在《新约》四福音书中表示，“如果你不支持我，那就是反对我。”他在另外一个场合说过，“如果你不反对我，你就是支持我。”这是表达同一个平衡的悖论。如果有信仰的人们想要得到尊重，他们就要允许他人有着不同的信仰，或者从他人那里学习，而不是打击他们。信仰上帝和尊重邻居不应该是矛盾的。挑战是两者同等对待。

1 gunpowder   

n.火药

参考例句：

• Gunpowder was introduced into Europe during the first half of the 14th century.在14世纪上半叶，火药传入欧洲。
• This statement has a strong smell of gunpowder.这是一篇充满火药味的声明。

2 martyr   

n.烈士，殉难者；vt.杀害，折磨，牺牲

参考例句：

• The martyr laid down his life for the cause of national independence.这位烈士是为了民族独立的事业而献身的。
• The newspaper carried the martyr's photo framed in black.报上登载了框有黑边的烈士遗像。

3 domesticating   

v.驯化( domesticate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Domesticating rabbits are the basis of a profitbale fur industry. 驯养野兔是赚钱的毛皮工业的基础。 来自互联网
• In addition, the extent of a facsimile of culture, foreignizing and domesticating are important in translation. 此外，翻译中“文化传真”度的把握，以及译语的异化与归化都至关重要。 来自互联网

4 antagonism   

n.对抗，敌对，对立

参考例句：

• People did not feel a strong antagonism for established policy.人们没有对既定方针产生强烈反应。
• There is still much antagonism between trades unions and the oil companies.工会和石油公司之间仍然存在着相当大的敌意。

5 bigotry   

n.偏见，偏执，持偏见的行为[态度]等

参考例句：

• She tried to dissociate herself from the bigotry in her past.她力图使自己摆脱她以前的偏见。
• At least we can proceed in this matter without bigotry.目前这件事咱们至少可以毫无偏见地进行下去。

6 simultaneously   

adv.同时发生地，同时进行地

参考例句：

• The radar beam can track a number of targets almost simultaneously.雷达波几乎可以同时追着多个目标。
• The Windows allow a computer user to execute multiple programs simultaneously.Windows允许计算机用户同时运行多个程序。

7 abides   

容忍( abide的第三人称单数 )； 等候； 逗留； 停留

参考例句：

• He abides by his friends. 他忠于朋友。
• He always abides by the law. 他素来守法。

8 travesties   

n.拙劣的模仿作品，荒谬的模仿，歪曲( travesty的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• What is the dolphin and whale cause of such travesties upon earth that we have experienced? 在地球上我们所体验的这类悲剧中，我们海豚鲸鱼的带来了什么？ 来自互联网

9 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

10 stimulate   

vt.刺激，使兴奋；激励，使…振奋

参考例句：

• Your encouragement will stimulate me to further efforts.你的鼓励会激发我进一步努力。
• Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts.成功能鼓舞人们去作新的努力。

11 paradox   

n.似乎矛盾却正确的说法；自相矛盾的人(物)

参考例句：

• The story contains many levels of paradox.这个故事存在多重悖论。
• The paradox is that Japan does need serious education reform.矛盾的地方是日本确实需要教育改革。

12 proficient   

adj.熟练的，精通的；n.能手，专家

参考例句：

• She is proficient at swimming.她精通游泳。
• I think I'm quite proficient in both written and spoken English.我认为我在英语读写方面相当熟练。