英语词汇实用小百科 世界杯World Cup

Xiaohua: Hello and welcome to the roundtable’s word of the week. 那世界杯已经开赛了，今天就由我跟John两位非球迷来大家介绍一下一些专业的足赛用语。

John: But actually, we are good at research. We are good at explaining things. So that’s what we are gonna to do, talking a little bit about football. So the first word we are gonna look at today is hat-trick. So a hat-trick is used quite often in football to describe one player who scored a goal three times.

Xiaohua: 先来说说帽子戏法，我们大家都知道帽子戏法指的是在一场球赛中，一名队员三次将球踢进对方的球门。

John：What is so interesting is that according to the Extended Oxford¹ English Dictionary from 1999, the term actually came into use after a cricket player took three wickets in three balls. So what happened was a collection was held for him, for the player who won, and that money was used to buy him a hat.

Xiaohua: Okay. 原来帽子戏法最早出现是在板球cricket的比赛中，是因为有一个选手连续三次得到了wicket，三次击中门柱而得分，后来得到了一顶帽子作为奖励。

John: Okay. So the next word we are looking at is a round-robin, sometimes called all-play-all tournament, in which competition each contestant² meets all other contestants³ in turn. So this is obviously very different from an elimination⁴ tournament, where if you lose you are completely out. In round-robin it doesn’t matter if you win, lose or tie, you are going to face each and every opponent.

Xiaohua: Round-robin是循环赛的意思，就是在这种赛制中，每个队都能和其他的队至少比赛一次，那这个是跟淘汰赛有明显区别的。

John: So while are you watching the game, you are probably going to come across different types of kicks. First, let’s take a look at place kick. A place kick is a corner kick, a free kick, a goal kick, a kickoff or perhaps even a penalty kick.

Xiaohua: Okay, place kick定位球呢，既可以指角球，也可以指任意球、球门球、开球，或者是罚球。

John: And so a direct kick is a method of restarting play following a foul⁵, unlike indirect free kick which we will talk about in a minute, a goal may be scored directly against the opposing side without the ball having first touched another player.

Xiaohua: 任意球free kick也分两种，一种是直接任意球，一种是间接任意球。那直接任意球中呢，队员可以将球直接射入犯规球队的球门，而间接任意球呢，obviously球在进门之前必须被其他的队员触及才可以。

John: Right. So a corner kick happens when the attacking team leaves the field of play by crossing the goal line without the goal having been scored and also it was last touched by the defending player.

Xiaohua: 角球的判罚则是在防守队员将球踢出底线后作出的。

John: Right. So obviously it’s called corner kick because it takes place at the corner of where the goal line meets the other border line of the field. So the last word that I want to look at this week is offside, the way it usually works out is that an attacking player is behind the last defending player and then he receives the ball that is usually considered to be offside.

Xiaohua: 越位指的则是当进攻队员在对方半场并且站的位置处于所以对方防守队员的前边，同时他接到了队友的传球，那这种情况就会被称为越位。

John: I hope that some explanations helped you understand football a little bit better.

Xiaohua: Yeah. And that’s all we have for the roundtable’s word of the week.

1 Oxford   

n.牛津（英国城市）

参考例句：

• At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
• This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。

2 contestant   

n.竞争者，参加竞赛者

参考例句：

• The company will furnish each contestant with a free ticket.公司将为每个参赛者免费提供一张票。
• The personal appearance and interview of the contestant is another count.参加比赛者的个人仪表和谈话也是一项。

3 contestants   

n.竞争者，参赛者( contestant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The competition attracted over 500 contestants representing 8 different countries. 这次比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名参赛者。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency. 两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 elimination   

n.排除，消除，消灭

参考例句：

• Their elimination from the competition was a great surprise.他们在比赛中遭到淘汰是个很大的意外。
• I was eliminated from the 400 metres in the semi-finals.我在400米半决赛中被淘汰。

5 foul   

adj.污秽的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；妨害；犯规；n.犯规

参考例句：

• Take off those foul clothes and let me wash them.脱下那些脏衣服让我洗一洗。
• What a foul day it is!多么恶劣的天气！