VOA新闻杂志2022--乌克兰将限制俄罗斯书籍、音乐

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Ukraine to Place Restrictions¹ on Russian Books, Music

Two new laws in Ukraine aim to restrict books and music from Russian citizens.

The laws will ban the printing of books by Russians who held Russian citizenship² after the collapse³ of the Soviet⁴ Union in 1991. Unless Russians give up their passports, their books will not be printed in Ukraine.

The laws ban businesses from importing books printed in Russia, Belarus, and Russian-controlled Ukrainian territory. They also require special permission to import books in the Russian language from other countries.

An additional law would ban music by post-1991 Russian citizens in Ukrainian media and in public areas. There would also be quotas⁶ to increase the amount of Ukrainian language heard on TV and radio.

Ukraine's Cultural Minister Oleksandr Tkachenko said that he was happy with the new laws. They still have to be signed by President Volodymyr Zelenskyy before they take effect.

The Ukrainian cabinet's website quoted him as saying, "The laws are designed to help Ukrainian authors share quality content with the widest possible audience." He said that Russian creative content would not be accepted in physical form because of the Russian invasion.

Even some Ukrainian lawmakers, who the public considers to be pro-Russia, supported the new laws.

The new rules are part of a movement in Ukraine called "derussification." It is the latest wave in the cultural break from Russia that has been happening since the Soviet period ended in 1991.

Some consider the laws part of a process over the years to remove the legacy⁷ of rule by Russia. After the collapse of the USSR, there was "decommunization," or the removal of Communist ideas and culture. Now, "derussification" aims to undo⁸ the connection to Russia and policies that hurt Ukrainian identity.

Support for this process increased after the 2014 invasion of Crimea and the separatist movement in eastern Ukraine. But since the February invasion, support for "derussification" has taken on a new meaning.

In Ukraine's capital of Kyiv, hundreds of places are to be renamed to remove the connection to Russia. In April, a monument that celebrated⁹ the relationship between the Ukrainian and Russian people from the Soviet period was torn down to cheers from a crowd.

The government in Moscow disagrees with the process. Russian officials say that people who speak Russian in Ukraine, about 30 percent of the population, are being forced to speak Ukrainian and are being oppressed by Ukraine's policies.

Words in This Story

quota⁵ – n. a specific amount or number that is expected to be reached or permitted

legacy — n. something that comes from someone in the past that affects the present

monument – n. an edifice built by humans to mark an event or memory

1 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

2 citizenship   

n.市民权，公民权，国民的义务(身份)

参考例句：

• He was born in Sweden,but he doesn't have Swedish citizenship.他在瑞典出生，但没有瑞典公民身分。
• Ten years later,she chose to take Australian citizenship.十年后，她选择了澳大利亚国籍。

3 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

4 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

5 quota   

n.（生产、进出口等的）配额，（移民的）限额

参考例句：

• A restricted import quota was set for meat products.肉类产品设定了进口配额。
• He overfulfilled his production quota for two months running.他一连两个月超额完成生产指标。

6 quotas   

（正式限定的）定量( quota的名词复数 )； 定额； 指标； 摊派

参考例句：

• In fulfilling the production quotas, John made rings round all his fellow workers. 约翰完成生产定额大大超过他的同事们。
• Quotas of the means of production are allocated by the higher administrative bodies to the lower ones. 物资指标按隶属关系分配。

7 legacy   

n.遗产，遗赠；先人(或过去)留下的东西

参考例句：

• They are the most precious cultural legacy our forefathers left.它们是我们祖先留下来的最宝贵的文化遗产。
• He thinks the legacy is a gift from the Gods.他认为这笔遗产是天赐之物。

8 undo   

vt.解开，松开；取消，撤销

参考例句：

• His pride will undo him some day.他的傲慢总有一天会毁了他。
• I managed secretly to undo a corner of the parcel.我悄悄地设法解开了包裹的一角。

9 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。