VOA常速英语2019--WHO呼吁加把劲儿根除小儿麻痹症

The World Health Organization says twelve years ago, India alone was responsible for almost 70 percent of all polio cases around the world. It calls India's success against polio one of the most significant achievements in public health.

世卫组织（WHO）称，12年前，印度自己的小儿麻痹症病例就占全球的近70%。WHO称印度对抗小儿麻痹症所取得的成功是公共卫生领域最重要的成就之一。

WHO officials say India's accomplishment¹ proved the crippling disease can be eliminated in even the most challenging circumstances with a strong political commitment.

WHO的工作员表示，印度的成功表明小儿麻痹症这一有害疾病可以得到根除，即便条件再有挑战性，但只要有强有力的政治承诺就能办到。

The number of polio cases has decreased from an estimated 350,000 a year to 33, since the WHO launched its global eradication² campaign in 1988.

小儿麻痹症病的数量已经从我们估测的35人/年降至33人/年，这是因为WHO于1988年发起了“全球根除小儿麻痹症运动”。

WHO spokesman Christian³ Lindemeier tells VOA, polio remains⁴ endemic in only three countries in two of the organization's six regions. He identifies the countries as Nigeria in the African region and Pakistan and Afghanistan in the eastern Mediterranean⁵ region.

WHO发言人林德梅耶在接受《美国之音》采访时表示，小儿麻痹症目前只存在于3个国家，即WHO在6个地区办事处中的2个。他指出，这3个国家是非洲地区的尼日利亚、地中海东部的巴基斯坦和阿富汗。

There has been no wild polio virus detected in Africa since 2016, and we are cautiously optimistic that AFRO, our African region, is on the path to certification as well, Lindemeier said. EMRO, our eastern Mediterranean region, has only those two countries, which have never stopped polio, unfortunately — Afghanistan, Pakistan.

自2016年以来，非洲已经没有再发现小儿麻痹症的野毒株了，而且，我们保守地相信非洲地区正在走向可检验小儿麻痹症的路上，林德梅耶如是说道。而我们地中海东部的地区只有2个国家一直存在小儿麻痹症的病例，我们深感惋惜。这2个国家是阿富汗和巴基斯坦。

Lindemeier says the countries are considered a joint⁶ reservoir of the virus. Therefore, he says, both are getting most of the focus and support from the WHO's polio eradication program. He says tailored and innovative⁷ tactics are being put in place to deal with the challenges in each country.

林德梅耶表示，这些国家在很多人眼中是小儿麻痹症病毒的集合地。他表示，因此，这2个国家获得WHO“全球根除小儿麻痹症运动”的关注和支持也是最多的。他表示，我们因地制宜，采取创新方式来应对每个国家在根除小儿麻痹症方面所面临的挑战。

The strategies include identifying, tracking and vaccinating⁸ migrant and hard-to-reach populations. He says community workers will be trained to go door to door to find children who haven't been vaccinated⁹ and immunize them against polio.

策略包括检验、追踪移民和难以接触的人群，并为他们注射疫苗。他表示，很多社群的工作人员将接受培训，然后挨家挨户地给没有接种的儿童注射疫苗，让他们能获得针对这种病的免疫。

The World Health Organization notes the polio virus does not respect borders. It says polio will not be eradicated¹⁰ until every last child is protected.

WHO表示，小儿麻痹症病毒不分国界。该组织还表示，这种病如果不能从孩子抓起，就永远无法根除。

1 accomplishment   

n.完成，成就，（pl.）造诣，技能

参考例句：

• The series of paintings is quite an accomplishment.这一系列的绘画真是了不起的成就。
• Money will be crucial to the accomplishment of our objectives.要实现我们的目标，钱是至关重要的。

2 eradication   

n.根除

参考例句：

• The eradication of an established infestation is not easy. 根除昆虫蔓延是不容易的。
• This is often required for intelligent control and eradication. 这经常需要灵巧的控制与消除。

3 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

4 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

5 Mediterranean   

adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的

参考例句：

• The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
• Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。

6 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

7 innovative   

adj.革新的，新颖的，富有革新精神的

参考例句：

• Discover an innovative way of marketing.发现一个创新的营销方式。
• He was one of the most creative and innovative engineers of his generation.他是他那代人当中最富创造性与革新精神的工程师之一。

8 vaccinating   

给…接种疫苗( vaccinate的现在分词 )； 注射疫苗，接种疫苗

参考例句：

• At first blush, vaccinating the wolves against rabies seems a simple solution. 乍一看来，为狼群注射防狂犬病疫苗是一种简单的办法。
• Also vaccinating children against misers (measles) has saved many lives. 还有，给儿童进行疫苗接种防止麻疹也挽救了许多生命。

9 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

10 eradicated   

画着根的

参考例句：

• Polio has been virtually eradicated in Brazil. 在巴西脊髓灰质炎实际上已经根除。
• The disease has been eradicated from the world. 这种疾病已在全世界得到根除。