VOA常速英语2019--美国欲全方位制裁与委内瑞拉有交涉的人

Speaking at a summit on Venezuela and Lima Peru on Tuesday, US National Security Advisor¹ John Bolton said, anyone who does business with the Maduro government should proceed with extreme caution, because America is ready to impose sanctions against them.

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This now covers everything having to do with the government of Venezuela, every aspect of it, and perhaps even more importantly, extends the authority to impose sanctions on all those who cooperate or assist or support any element of the government of Venezuela.

So that includes any foreign entity², government, corporation, person who contributes to keeping the Maduro regime in power.

Bolton called on world leaders at the summit to take tougher action to oust³ Maduro, whom he accused of pretending to negotiate in good faith in order to buy time while his people suffer.

Opposition⁴ leader, Juan Guaido is recognized by the US and more than 50 other countries as the legitimate⁵ president of Venezuela, welcomed the tough new measures.

But the Venezuelan government condemned⁶ them as a grave aggression⁷ that it said will lead to the failure of political dialogue.

Maduro’s government also said the new US economic embargo⁸ is meant to formalize the criminal, economic, financial and commercial blockade of Venezuela and strangle its population on .

Bolton sought to reassure⁹ critics of the new measures, saying there are exceptions for the delivery of food, medicine and clothing to the people of Venezuela.

Some four million migrants and refugees have left Venezuela due to food shortages, the largest exodus¹⁰ in the recent history of Latin America and the Caribbean.

周二，在委内瑞拉和利马秘鲁举行的峰会上发表讲话时，美国国家安全顾问约翰·博尔顿表示，任何与马杜罗政府有生意往来的人都应该极度小心，因为美国已准备好向这样的施加制裁。

现在，制裁包含的内容是与委内瑞拉政府有关的交涉，任何方面的交涉，或许，更重要的是，扩大施加制裁的权利，针对那些与委内瑞拉政府有合作、协助或者支持委内瑞拉政府的行为。

所以，制裁的对象包括任何外国实体、政府、公司、帮助马杜罗政权继续执政的人

博尔顿在峰会上呼吁世界各国领导人采取更为严厉的行动以驱逐马杜罗，博尔顿指责马杜罗假装诚心协商，但目的是争取时间，让他的子民受更多苦。

反对派领袖胡安·瓜伊多得到了美国和50多个国家的认可，他是委内瑞拉的合法总统，他欢迎采取严厉的新举措。

但委内瑞拉政府谴责他们是严重侵略，并说这种行为会导致政治对话失败。

马杜罗政府还表示，美国新实行的经济禁运旨在正式地从刑事、经济、金融、商业方面封锁委内瑞拉，扼杀委内瑞拉人民的生活。

博尔顿想要向批评者确保会有新举措，他表示，例外是运送委内瑞拉人民的粮食、药物、衣物。

近400万名移民和难民离开了委内瑞拉，因为这里存在粮食紧缺问题。这是拉丁美洲和加勒比地区近代史上最大规模的人口外流。

1 advisor   

n.顾问，指导老师，劝告者

参考例句：

• They employed me as an advisor.他们聘请我当顾问。
• The professor is engaged as a technical advisor.这位教授被聘请为技术顾问。

2 entity   

n.实体，独立存在体，实际存在物

参考例句：

• The country is no longer one political entity.这个国家不再是一个统一的政治实体了。
• As a separate legal entity,the corporation must pay taxes.作为一个独立的法律实体，公司必须纳税。

3 oust   

vt.剥夺，取代，驱逐

参考例句：

• The committee wanted to oust him from the union.委员会想把他从工会中驱逐出去。
• The leaders have been ousted from power by nationalists.这些领导人被民族主义者赶下了台。

4 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

5 legitimate   

adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法

参考例句：

• Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
• That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。

6 condemned   

adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
• The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

7 aggression   

n.进攻，侵略，侵犯，侵害

参考例句：

• So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结，就不必惧怕外来侵略。
• Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。

8 embargo   

n.禁运（令）；vt.对...实行禁运，禁止（通商）

参考例句：

• This country put an oil embargo on an enemy country.该国对敌国实行石油禁运。
• During the war,they laid an embargo on commerce with enemy countries.在战争期间，他们禁止与敌国通商。

9 reassure   

v.使放心，使消除疑虑

参考例句：

• This seemed to reassure him and he continued more confidently.这似乎使他放心一点，于是他更有信心地继续说了下去。
• The airline tried to reassure the customers that the planes were safe.航空公司尽力让乘客相信飞机是安全的。

10 exodus   

v.大批离去，成群外出

参考例句：

• The medical system is facing collapse because of an exodus of doctors.由于医生大批离去，医疗系统面临崩溃。
• Man's great challenge at this moment is to prevent his exodus from this planet.人在当前所遇到的最大挑战，就是要防止人从这个星球上消失。