华盛顿邮报 加拿大野火失控 美国东海岸空气严重污染(3)

 

    What can people do to protect themselves from breathing in the smoke?

    人们可以采取哪些措施来保护自己不吸入烟雾呢?

    Many experts that I've spoken with have really encouraged people to make sure that they're checking the air quality index reports, knowing what that means, you know, use that to best protect themselves.

    我采访过的许多专家都鼓励人们查看空气质量指数报告，了解这些指数的意义，并利用它来最好地保护自己。

    Exercising outside really is not good during this time, especially when experts are suggesting people stay inside just in general, and wearing sophisticated masks, masks like KN95s and N95s that can really help filter the particles, not just regular masks,在这段时间里，在户外锻炼真的不好，特别是专家建议人们一般呆在室内，并佩戴精密的口罩，如有助于过滤颗粒物的KN95和N95口罩，而不仅仅是普通口罩，but masks that are geared towards filtering some of this fine particulate¹ matter if you do have to go outside.

    如果你一定要出去的话，还要戴上专门过滤一些细颗粒物的口罩。

    Some simple things that people can do to protect themselves are, while it sucks staying inside, turning off your A/C.

    人们可以做一些简单的事情来保护自己，当在家中感到不适时，可以关掉空调。

    I know it's hot outside, but A/Cs can kind of bring in and concentrate some of those fine air particulates².

    我知道外面很热，但是空调会把一些空气微粒吸进来并集中起来。

    So turning off your A/C, shutting your windows and kind of containing yourself indoors so that you're not exposing yourself to the elements outside.

    所以关掉空调，关上窗户，把自己关在室内，这样你就不会暴露在外面的恶劣天气中了。

    So let's shift to some of the policy implications of this, if there will be any.

    让我们来看看应对此事的政策建议，如果有的话。

    I know that some people are required to work outside for their jobs, and I've noticed around here in D.C., construction work is still happening.

    我知道有些人需要在外面工作，我注意到华盛顿特区附近，建筑工程仍在进行。

    What are the rules for protecting people who can't stay inside?

    为保护无法待在室内的人们，制定了什么规定呢？

    There are a lot of questions about this, and I think it's really important.

    这方面有很多问题，我认为这很重要。

    A lot of people don't have the luxury to be able to stay inside and shelter in place when air quality is really low like this.

    当空气质量这么糟糕的时候，很多人无法奢侈地呆在家里、就地避难。

    So you think about construction workers, people in delivery, farm workers, they're still outside and they're still doing physical labor³, especially when experts told us not to be exercising outside because that increases inhaling⁴ more of these fine particulate matters.

    尤其是当专家告诉我们不要在外面锻炼，因为这会吸入更多的细颗粒物时，建筑工人、快递员、农场工人，他们仍在外面做着体力劳动。

    So it's important, and there are federal rules that require employers to provide masks once the air quality index hits certain levels, but those rules are really hard to enforce.

    所以这很重要，联邦规定要求雇主在空气质量指数达到一定浓度时提供口罩，但这些规定很难执行。

    I mean, I didn't see any construction workers wearing masks yesterday, and employers might not provide the masks or that type of protective gear.

    我是说，我昨天没有看到任何建筑工人佩戴口罩，雇主可能不会提供口罩或那种防护装备。

    So then the burden is on people to bring their own.

    所以，这是人们自己带来的负担。

    And I feel like a lot of workers might feel pressure from their boss or just financial pressure to keep working during low moments of low air quality because they can't afford to take off because the air is too harsh for them to work in.

    我觉得很多工人可能会感到来自老板的压力，或者只是经济压力，这促使他们在空气质量不佳的时候继续工作，因为他们负担不起停工的费用，尽管空气太恶劣，他们无法在这样的空气中工作。

    We know along the West Coast especially, that there is a push to tighten⁵ regulations at the state and federal level to better protect workers.

    我们知道，特别是在西海岸，为了更好地保护工人，州政府和联邦政府都在推动加强监管。

    It'll be interesting to see if there's more movement on the regulatory front now that wildfire smoke is affecting more people in the country, and, you know, the lawmakers here in Washington, D.C.

    现在，大火烟雾正在影响这个国家更多的人，包括华盛顿特区的立法者，看看监管方面是否会采取更多的行动，这将引起关注。

1 particulate   

adj.微小的；n.微粒，粒子

参考例句：

• A special group was organized to dig up the particulate of the case.成立了一个专门小组来查明该案件的各个细节。
• Lungs retain relatively insoluble particulate material.肺脏内留有不溶解的颗粒物质。

2 particulates   

n.微粒，粒子( particulate的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Techniques for controlling particulates include filtering, washing, centrifugal separation, and electrostatic precipitation. 控制颗粒污染物的技术包括过滤、洗涤、离心分离、静电沉降。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Only micronic particulates penetrate to the depth of the lung. 只有微细粒子穿透到肺深部。 来自辞典例句

3 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

4 inhaling   

v.吸入( inhale的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• He was treated for the effects of inhaling smoke. 他因吸入烟尘而接受治疗。 来自辞典例句
• The long-term effects of inhaling contaminated air is unknown. 长期吸入被污染空气的影响还无从知晓。 来自互联网

5 tighten   

v.(使)变紧；(使)绷紧

参考例句：

• Turn the screw to the right to tighten it.向右转动螺钉把它拧紧。
• Some countries tighten monetary policy to avoid inflation.一些国家实行紧缩银根的货币政策，以避免通货膨胀。