2022年经济学人 斯里兰卡总统出逃 国家进入紧急状态

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The world this week--Politics

本周国际要闻--政治

Sri Lanka’s President Gotabaya Rajapaksa fled the country after huge crowds stormed the presidential complex.

斯里兰卡总统哥塔巴亚·拉贾帕克萨在大批民众冲进总统府后逃离该国。

Ranil Wickremesinghe, the prime minister and Mr Rajapaksa’s ally, took over as acting¹ president.

拉贾帕克萨盟友、现任总理拉尼尔·维克勒马辛哈接任代理总统。

The protesters, who are furious about costly² food, fuel shortages and their country’s economic collapse³, were not appeased⁴.

抗议者对食物昂贵、燃料短缺和国家经济崩溃感到愤怒，他们没有得到安抚。

A state of emergency was declared.

该国宣布进入紧急状态。

Crowds thronged⁵ the streets of Tokyo to mourn Abe Shinzo, a Japanese former prime minister, who was murdered with a home-made gun on July 8th while campaigning for an upper-house election.

民众聚集在东京街头悼念日本前首相安倍晋三。7月8日，安倍晋三在为上议院选举造势时被一把自制枪支杀害。

The assassin reportedly held a grudge⁶ against the Unification Church, from which Mr Abe had sometimes received support.

据报道，这位暗杀者对统一教心怀怨恨，而安倍会间或得到该教会的支持。

The election went ahead, and Mr Abe’s party won a large majority.

选举如期举行，安倍所在的政党赢得了绝大多数选票。

Russia cranked up the pressure on European backers of Ukraine by stopping the supply of gas through the Nord Stream 1 pipeline⁷ to Germany.

俄罗斯通过停止通过北溪1号管道向德国供应天然气，加大了对乌克兰的欧洲支持者的压力。

Supposedly this is simply for ten days of essential maintenance, but Europeans fret⁸ that the pipeline might remain closed, or that Vladimir Putin might shut it off in the winter, when people need gas to heat their homes.

按说，这仅仅是10天的基本维修，但欧洲人担心管道可能会继续关闭，或者，弗拉基米尔·普京可能会在冬季关闭管道，因为那时人们需要天然气来取暖。

Ukraine claimed to have destroyed a Russian ammunition⁹ depot¹⁰ in the southern city of Nova Kakhovka, using its new American HIMARS rocket system.

乌克兰声称，他们使用美国新型HIMARS火箭系统摧毁了位于俄罗斯南部城市新卡霍夫卡的一个弹药库。

Russian forces in eastern Ukraine “paused” their offensive to regroup.

乌克兰东部的俄罗斯军队“暂停”了他们的攻势，重新整编。

In the south, there are signs that a Ukrainian counter-offensive is making gains.

在南部，有迹象表明乌克兰的反攻正在取得进展。

Sepp Blatter, a former president of FIFA, football’s world governing body, and Michel Platini, a former head of its European association, were found not guilty of fraud by a Swiss court.

国际足联(世界足球管理机构)前主席塞普·布拉特和欧洲足联前主席米歇尔·普拉蒂尼被瑞士法院判欺诈罪不成立。

The case turned on a payment of SFr2m ($2.05m) by Mr Blatter to Mr Platini in 2011 for advisory¹¹ work.

该案的起因是，布拉特在2011年向普拉蒂尼支付了200万瑞士法郎(合205万美元)作为咨询工作费用。

The court decided¹² this was credible¹³.

法院认为这是可信的。

Both men were banned from football in 2015.

两人都在2015年被禁止从事足球相关活动。

Britain’s governing Conservative Party began the process of choosing a new leader, and thus a new prime minister, after Boris Johnson’s resignation.

鲍里斯·约翰逊辞职后，英国执政的保守党开始选举新领导人，也就是新首相。

Tory MPs are whittling¹⁴ the field of candidates, the most diverse ever, down to two.

保守党议员们正在将候选人的范围从有史以来的最大范围缩减到两位。

Party members will select a winner, who will be announced on September 5th.

议员们将选出获胜者，获胜者将于9月5日公布。

The frontrunner is Penny Mordaunt, a socially liberal Brexiteer who once worked as a magician’s assistant.

领先者是佩妮·莫当特，她是一名社会自由主义脱欧派人士，曾是魔术师的助理。

1 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

2 costly   

adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的

参考例句：

• It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
• This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用，左不过贵了些。

3 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

4 appeased   

安抚，抚慰( appease的过去式和过去分词 )； 绥靖（满足另一国的要求以避免战争）

参考例句：

• His hunger could only be appeased by his wife. 他的欲望只有他的妻子能满足。
• They are the more readily appeased. 他们比较容易和解。

5 thronged   

v.成群，挤满( throng的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Mourners thronged to the funeral. 吊唁者蜂拥着前来参加葬礼。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The department store was thronged with people. 百货商店挤满了人。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

6 grudge   

n.不满，怨恨，妒嫉；vt.勉强给，不情愿做

参考例句：

• I grudge paying so much for such inferior goods.我不愿花这么多钱买次品。
• I do not grudge him his success.我不嫉妒他的成功。

7 pipeline   

n.管道，管线

参考例句：

• The pipeline supplies Jordan with 15 per cent of its crude oil.该管道供给约旦15%的原油。
• A single pipeline serves all the houses with water.一条单管路给所有的房子供水。

8 fret   

v.(使)烦恼；(使)焦急；(使)腐蚀，(使)磨损

参考例句：

• Don't fret.We'll get there on time.别着急，我们能准时到那里。
• She'll fret herself to death one of these days.她总有一天会愁死的.

9 ammunition   

n.军火，弹药

参考例句：

• A few of the jeeps had run out of ammunition.几辆吉普车上的弹药已经用光了。
• They have expended all their ammunition.他们把弹药用光。

10 depot   

n.仓库，储藏处；公共汽车站；火车站

参考例句：

• The depot is only a few blocks from here.公共汽车站离这儿只有几个街区。
• They leased the building as a depot.他们租用这栋大楼作仓库。

11 advisory   

adj.劝告的，忠告的，顾问的，提供咨询

参考例句：

• I have worked in an advisory capacity with many hospitals.我曾在多家医院做过顾问工作。
• He was appointed to the advisory committee last month.他上个月获任命为顾问委员会委员。

12 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

13 credible   

adj.可信任的，可靠的

参考例句：

• The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。
• Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法？

14 whittling   

v.切，削（木头），使逐渐变小( whittle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Inflation has been whittling away their savings. 通货膨胀使他们的积蓄不断减少。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He is whittling down the branch with a knife to make a handle for his hoe. 他在用刀削树枝做一把锄头柄。 来自《简明英汉词典》