纽约时报 哥伦比亚命令军队加大打击力度(2)

“We have gone back to what we were doing before,” said one of the officers,

“我们兜了一圈又回来了，”一名警官说，

who all spoke¹ on the condition of anonymity² for fear of reprisals³ by their superiors.

由于担心遭到上级的报复，这些警官都要求对他们进行匿名。

Major Gen. Nicacio Martínez Espinel, the top commander of Colombia’s army, acknowledged issuing the new orders

哥伦比亚陆军司令尼卡西奥·德赫苏斯·马丁内斯·埃斯皮内尔少将承认他确实发布了那些命令，

and having officers set concrete goals for killing⁴, capturing or forcing criminal groups and militants⁵ to surrender.

让官员们设立具体的杀戮、抓捕或迫使犯罪集团和武装分子投降目标。

He said he had issued the written order that instructed top commanders to “double the results”

他说，因为哥伦比亚不断受到了来自游击队、准军事组织和犯罪组织的威胁，

because of the threat that Colombia continues to face from guerrilla, paramilitary and criminal organizations.

他确实发布了书面命令，指示最高指挥官“将结果加倍。”

“The criminal threat rose,” he said. “If we continued at the pace that we were going at, we would not have completed our objectives.”

“犯罪威胁已经有所上升，”他说。“如果那时我们还是照着当时的步伐走的，那我们就不可能完成任务了。”

Still, the general disputed how officers have interpreted his instructions.

不过，这位将军对军官们对他的指示的理解存有异议。

“The orders are that you are operationally effective,” he said.

“命令要求大家的行动要有效，”他说。

“Some told me they wanted a 10 percent increase, good, you do 10 percent.

“一些军官对我说他们想将结果提升10%，很好，那你就提升10%。

Some told me they wanted a 50 percent increase, but with no dead.

一些说想提升50%，但不想增加死亡人数。

Some said, ‘I want a 100 percent increase.’

还有军官说要提升100%。

There are some who have kept their word, and others that haven’t been able to.”

最后，有些人信守了诺言，有些人则没有做到。”

He also acknowledged that the orders tell commanders to conduct operations when they are still uncertain about their targets.

他还承认，那些命令还要求指挥官们对目标还没有十足的把握就要采取行动。

However, General Martínez argued that the instructions referred only to planning missions, not to carrying them out.

然而，马丁内斯将军争辩说，那些指示只涉及任务的规划，并不涉及任务的执行。

“Respect for human rights is the most important thing,” he said. “Everything has taken place within the letter of the law.”

“尊重人权是最重要的，”他说。“一切行动都是在合法尺度之内展开的。”

But the order itself says, “You must launch operations with 60 to 70 percent credibility or exactitude” —

但命令的实际内容则指出，“可信度或准确性达到60%到70%，你们就必须展开行动”——

leaving enough room for error that the policy has already led to questionable⁶ killings⁷, two of the officers said.

两名警官说，正是这一政策为错误创造了足够的空间，导致这一政策引发了多起值得怀疑的残杀事件。

The new orders signal an increase in military campaigns against guerrilla and paramilitary groups in Colombia,

新命令表明，哥伦比亚针对游击队和准军事组织的军事行动有所增加，

which reached a peace deal with the nation’s largest rebel group — the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, or FARC — just two years ago.

两年前，他们都与该国最大的反叛组织——哥伦比亚革命武装力量（简称FARC）签订了和平协议。

Peace has been elusive⁸.

在哥伦比亚，和平一直显得若即若离。

Many former guerrillas have returned to fighting,

许多前游击队员都已经重返战场，

while other criminal and paramilitary groups have expanded their control over parts of the country.

其他犯罪集团和准军事组织也扩大了对该国部分地区的控制。

One rebel group that never signed a peace deal carried out a deadly car bombing in the capital in January.

今年一月就有一个从未签署和平协议的反叛组织在首都发动了致命的汽车炸弹袭击。

Colombia is also under pressure from the Trump⁹ administration to show progress in cracking down on drug trafficking,

哥伦比亚还受到了特朗普政府施加的，要求其在打击毒品走私方面取得进展的压力，

a battle that has shown little progress despite $10 billion in American aid.

因为尽管美国给哥方提供了100亿美元的援助，这场战争基本还在原地踏步。

As the pressure mounted, President Iván Duque, a conservative who campaigned against the peace deal because he thought it was too soft on the rebels,

随着压力的增加，伊万·杜克总统，一位反对和平协议，因为他觉得这么做对叛军太仁慈了的保守派，

replaced the country’s top army commanders in December.

于去年12月撤换了该国的几位总司令。

Mr. Duque’s government appointed nine officers linked to killings in the mid-2000s,

重新任命了9名与2005年前后的杀戮事件有关的官员，

including some who now hold top positions directing military offensives throughout Colombia,

其中一些人如今正身居要职，指挥着哥伦比亚整个国家的军事进攻，

according to documents published by Human Rights Watch.

人权观察公布的文件显示。

1 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

2 anonymity   

n.the condition of being anonymous

参考例句：

• Names of people in the book were changed to preserve anonymity. 为了姓名保密，书中的人用的都是化名。
• Our company promises to preserve the anonymity of all its clients. 我们公司承诺不公开客户的姓名。

3 reprisals   

n.报复（行为）( reprisal的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They did not want to give evidence for fear of reprisals. 他们因为害怕报复而不想作证。
• They took bloody reprisals against the leaders. 他们对领导进行了血腥的报复。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

5 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

6 questionable   

adj.可疑的，有问题的

参考例句：

• There are still a few questionable points in the case.这个案件还有几个疑点。
• Your argument is based on a set of questionable assumptions.你的论证建立在一套有问题的假设上。

7 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

8 elusive   

adj.难以表达(捉摸)的；令人困惑的；逃避的

参考例句：

• Try to catch the elusive charm of the original in translation.翻译时设法把握住原文中难以捉摸的风韵。
• Interpol have searched all the corners of the earth for the elusive hijackers.国际刑警组织已在世界各地搜查在逃的飞机劫持者。

9 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。