纽约时报 伊朗问题和金正恩问题 特朗普与博尔顿各执一词(5)

But he clashed with Mr. Shanahan’s predecessor¹, Jim Mattis.

但他与沙纳汉的前任吉姆·马蒂斯发生过冲突。

At one point, during a discussion of the cost of maintaining American troops in South Korea,

有一次，在讨论美军继续驻扎在韩国所需成本时，

Mr. Mattis forcefully told Mr. Bolton that it was not the national security adviser²’s job to tell the president what to do,

据一位直接了解会议情况的官员说，马蒂斯态度强硬地对博尔顿说，

according to an official with direct knowledge of the meeting;

他这位国家安全顾问的职责不是指挥总统，

it was Mr. Bolton’s job to pass on the direct recommendations of the cabinet members.

而是把内阁成员的建议传达给总统。

Much of the bad blood dates to last fall when the National Security Council, at Mr. Bolton’s direction,

两人之间的敌意很多都可以追溯到去年秋天，当时，国家安全委员会在博尔顿的授意下，

asked the Defense³ Department for military options to strike Iran if necessary,

要求国防部在必要时对伊朗进行军事打击，

a request that came after militants⁴ aligned⁵ with Iran

因为在那之前，与伊朗联手的武装分子

fired three mortars⁶ or rockets into an empty lot on the grounds of the United States Embassy in Baghdad.

曾向美国驻巴格达大使馆的空地发射三枚迫击炮或火箭弹。

The request alarmed Mr. Mattis and other top officials.

这一要求令马蒂斯等高级官员十分震惊。

When Mr. Bolton tried to bypass the Pentagon and go straight to the United States Central Command for military options,

博尔顿试图越过五角大楼，直接指挥美国中央司令部采取军事行动时，

Mr. Mattis blocked the end run, according to a senior administration official.

据一位高级政府官员说，马蒂斯在最后关头阻止了他。

Mr. Bolton was frustrated⁷ by what he saw as resistance to legitimate⁸ requests, allies said.

博尔顿的盟友说，博尔顿对他所谓的合法要求受到了抵制感到失望。

He would be derelict in his duty not to be prepared for any contingency⁹.

如果他不为任何可能的意外做好准备，那他就失职了。

Lately, Mr. Bolton has been showing up at the Pentagon more frequently to attend so-called small group meetings of top officials,

最近，博尔顿频繁出现在五角大楼，参加所谓的高层官员小组会议，

which has rubbed some the wrong way.

这让部分人感到颇为不快。

There has also been friction¹⁰ between Mr. Bolton’s National Security Council and Mr. Pompeo’s State Department.

博尔顿领导的国家安全委员会和蓬佩奥领导的国务院之间也存在摩擦。

While Mr. Bolton argued for canceling all waivers to buy oil from Iran,

博尔顿主张取消从伊朗购买石油的所有豁免，

some at the State Department pushed to retain a couple.

国务院的一些官员则要求保留一部分。

Mr. Trump¹¹ sided with Mr. Bolton.

特朗普则站到了博尔顿一边。

Likewise, Mr. Bolton wanted to cut off all waivers for countries participating in civil nuclear projects with Tehran,

同样，博尔顿希望切断所有对参与了德黑兰民用核项目的国家的豁免，

while some State Department officials worried it would aggravate¹² the European allies.

美国国务院的一些官员则担心此举会激怒欧洲的盟友。

In that case, the administration compromised by revoking¹³ two waivers and preserving waivers for three sites.

为此，政府做出了妥协，撤销了两项豁免，保留了对三个地方的豁免。

Mr. Dubowitz, whose defense of democracies organization advocates more sanctions on Iran,

杜博维茨领导的捍卫民主的组织也支持对伊朗实施更多制裁，

said Mr. Bolton and Mr. Pompeo were “two men of common objectives”

杜博维茨说，博尔顿和蓬佩奥“两人其实有着共同的目标”

committed to the same strategy of maximum pressure but sometimes split over matters of sequencing and scope.

他们都坚定支持对伊朗施加最大压力这一策略，但有时在顺序和范围问题上存在分歧。

More significant, of course, is the president,

当然，更重要的是，总统，

who at times seems to be on both sides of the issues that consume the national security team —

在耗费国家安全团队精力的问题上，他有时似乎两边他都赞成——

one day threatening to wipe Iran off the map, the next day inviting¹⁴ it for talks.

今天还威胁要把伊朗从地图上抹去，明天又忙着邀请伊朗参加谈判。

Mr. Bolton’s admirers said any national security adviser could find himself at odds¹⁵ with a president who switches back and forth¹⁶.

博尔顿的支持者说，在反复无常的总统面前，任何国家安全顾问都可能发现自己与总统的意见相左。

The question is whether it is a negotiating strategy or foundational uncertainty¹⁷.

问题在于，这是总统的谈判策略，还是他根本就不确定要支持哪边。

“Who is Trump?” Mr. Dubowitz asked.

“特朗普是谁？”杜博维茨问道。

“He’s not a bad cop, he’s not a good cop.

“他扮演的既不是坏警察，也不是好警察。

He’s kind of the indecipherable, confused cop.

他扮演的是一个别人猜不透他，而他自己也一头雾水的警察。

But Bolton is always the bad cop. He doesn’t play any other role in this drama.”

但博尔顿一直扮演的都是坏警察。在这部剧中他就没扮演国其他任何角色。”

1 predecessor   

n.前辈，前任

参考例句：

• It will share the fate of its predecessor.它将遭受与前者同样的命运。
• The new ambassador is more mature than his predecessor.新大使比他的前任更成熟一些。

2 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

3 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

4 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

5 aligned   

adj.对齐的，均衡的

参考例句：

• Make sure the shelf is aligned with the top of the cupboard.务必使搁架与橱柜顶端对齐。

6 mortars   

n.迫击炮( mortar的名词复数 )；砂浆；房产；研钵

参考例句：

• They could not move their heavy mortars over the swampy ground. 他们无法把重型迫击炮移过那片沼泽地。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Where the hell are his mortars? 他有迫击炮吗？ 来自教父部分

7 frustrated   

adj.挫败的，失意的，泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧

参考例句：

• It's very easy to get frustrated in this job. 这个工作很容易令人懊恼。
• The bad weather frustrated all our hopes of going out. 恶劣的天气破坏了我们出行的愿望。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 legitimate   

adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法

参考例句：

• Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
• That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。

9 contingency   

n.意外事件，可能性

参考例句：

• We should be prepared for any contingency.我们应该对任何应急情况有所准备。
• A fire in our warehouse was a contingency that we had not expected.库房的一场大火是我们始料未及的。

10 friction   

n.摩擦，摩擦力

参考例句：

• When Joan returned to work,the friction between them increased.琼回来工作后，他们之间的摩擦加剧了。
• Friction acts on moving bodies and brings them to a stop.摩擦力作用于运动着的物体，并使其停止。

11 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

12 aggravate   

vt.加重(剧)，使恶化；激怒，使恼火

参考例句：

• Threats will only aggravate her.恐吓只能激怒她。
• He would only aggravate the injury by rubbing it.他揉擦伤口只会使伤势加重。

13 revoking   

v.撤销，取消，废除( revoke的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• There are no provisions for revoking the prize. 没有撤销获奖的规定。 来自互联网
• The decision revoking the patent right shall be registered and announced by the Patent Office. 撤销专利权的决定，由专利局登记和公告。 来自互联网

14 inviting   

adj.诱人的，引人注目的

参考例句：

• An inviting smell of coffee wafted into the room.一股诱人的咖啡香味飘进了房间。
• The kitchen smelled warm and inviting and blessedly familiar.这间厨房的味道温暖诱人，使人感到亲切温馨。

15 odds   

n.让步，机率，可能性，比率；胜败优劣之别

参考例句：

• The odds are 5 to 1 that she will win.她获胜的机会是五比一。
• Do you know the odds of winning the lottery once?你知道赢得一次彩票的几率多大吗？

16 forth   

adv.向前；向外，往外

参考例句：

• The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
• He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

17 uncertainty   

n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物

参考例句：

• Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
• After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后，压力开始产生影响了。